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Record annual mean warmth over Europe, the northeast Pacific, and the northwest Atlantic during 2014: Assessment of anthropogenic influence
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2015
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Source: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(12), S61-S65.
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Journal Title:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
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Description:HadCRUT4v3 observed surface tem-perature data (Morice et al. 2012) indicate that during 2014, record annual mean warm anomalies occurred in regions of Europe, the eastern North Pacific region (EPac), and the western North Atlantic (WAtl) (Fig. 13.1b). Considering the 5° × 5° grid cells with at least 100 years of coverage, 12% of this area globally set a new warm record during 2014, and none set a cold record (Fig. 13.1b). Globally since 1990, there have been almost no cold annual mean records observed at this spatial scale (Knutson et al. 2013). The un-precedented warm surface temperature anomalies in 2014 were accompanied by anomalous atmospheric circulations, changes in seasonal weather, and adverse effects on regional ecosystems (Bond et al. 2015). To explore the possible contributions of anthropogenic radiative forcings to these unprecedented regional warm anomalies, we use a 25-model set of historical all-forcing (anthropogenic + natural) and control (unforced) climate model runs, along with a 10-model set of natural-forcing-only ensemble historical runs from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5-All and CMIP5–Nat; Taylor et al. 2012). Many of our methods follow Knutson et al. (2013, 2014), and some descriptive text is derived from these reports with minor modification.
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Source:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(12), S61-S65.
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