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Showing 1 - 20 of 268 results

Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP)

Ben Galdi ;

Courtney Thompson

2025 | http

The Historical Map and Chart Collection of the Office of Coast Survey contains over 35000 historical maps and charts from the mid-1700s up through the 2020s, including the final canceled editions of NOAA’s raster charts. These images are available for viewing or download through the image catalog at https://historicalcharts.noaa.gov/. The Collectio ...

05/28/2026

Dataset

Title : Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP) Personal Author(s) : Ben Galdi;Courtney Thompson; Corporate Authors(s) : United States. National Ocean Service;United States. Office of Coast Survey; Published Date : 2025 DOI : https://doi.org/10.25923%2Fqzp6-4r20 Ben Galdi and Courtney Thompson (2025). Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP). https://doi.org/10.25923%2Fqzp6-4r20 Ben Galdi and Courtney Thompson "Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP)" (2025), https://doi.org/10.25923%2Fqzp6-4r20 Ben Galdi and Courtney Thompson "Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP)" , 2025, https://doi.org/10.25923%2Fqzp6-4r20 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Ben Galdi AU - Courtney Thompson A2 - United States. National Ocean Service A2 - United States. Office of Coast Survey AB - The Historical Map and Chart Collection of the Office of Coast Survey contains over 35000 historical maps and charts from the mid-1700s up through the 2020s, including the final canceled editions of NOAA’s raster charts. These images are available for viewing or download through the image catalog at https://historicalcharts.noaa.gov/. The Collection includes some of the nation's earliest nautical charts, hydrographic surveys, topographic surveys, bathymetric maps, annual reports, coast pilots, geodetic surveys, city plans, and Civil War battle maps. The Collection is a rich primary historical archive and a testament to the artistry of copper plate engraving technology of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. AB - The historical chart collection project focuses on collecting and maintaining a digital historical archive of Coast Survey historical maps and charts and other similar historic maps and charts. AN - noaa:73415 DO - https://doi.org/10.25923%2Fqzp6-4r20 PB - NOAA National Ocean Service|https://ror.org/02k4h0334 PY - 2025 TI - Historical Map & Chart Collection of NOAA's Nautical Charts, Hydrographic Surveys, Topographic Surveys, Geodetic Surveys, City Plans, and Civil War Battle Maps Starting from the mid-1700's Data Management Plan (DMP) UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73415 ER -
Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production

District of Columbia. Department of Health

2007

No Description

05/22/2026

Title : Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production Corporate Authors(s) : District of Columbia. Department of Health Published Date : 2007 URL : https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73414 District of Columbia. Department of Health (2007). Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production. District of Columbia. Department of Health "Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production" (2007) District of Columbia. Department of Health "Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production" , 2007 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - A2 - District of Columbia. Department of Health AN - noaa:73414 KW - American eel KW - American shad KW - Fish surveys KW - Infancy KW - Monitoring KW - Recolonization KW - American shad KW - American eel KW - Recolonization KW - Infancy KW - Monitoring KW - Fish surveys PB - pdf PY - 2007 TI - Push Net Survey for Young-of-the-Year American Shad, American eel elver trapping in Rock Creek, Gill Net Survey for Adult American Shad and Fry Production UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73414 ER -
Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia

Rowell, Devin A. ;

Hammerman, Nicholas M.

2025 | Mar Biol 173, 17 (2026) | PDF

In the Austral summer of 2023–2024, the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, experienced a significant mass coral bleaching event, driven by record-setting sea surface temperature anomalies. This occurrence was part of the fourth recorded global coral bleaching event. A collaborative effort was initiated between researchers from different disciplines on ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia Personal Author(s) : Rowell, Devin A.;Hammerman, Nicholas M.;Golding, Kirsten M.;Kenyon, Tania M.;Meziere, Zoe;Morgans, Courtney;Brown, Kristen T.; Published Date : 2025 Source : Mar Biol 173, 17 (2026) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04759-5 Journal Title : Marine Biology Rowell, Devin A. et al. (2025). Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia. 173(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04759-5 Rowell, Devin A. et al. "Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia" 173, no. 1 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04759-5 Rowell, Devin A. et al. "Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia" vol. 173, no. 1, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04759-5 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Rowell, Devin A. AU - Hammerman, Nicholas M. AU - Golding, Kirsten M. AU - Kenyon, Tania M. AU - Meziere, Zoe AU - Morgans, Courtney AU - Brown, Kristen T. AB - In the Austral summer of 2023–2024, the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, experienced a significant mass coral bleaching event, driven by record-setting sea surface temperature anomalies. This occurrence was part of the fourth recorded global coral bleaching event. A collaborative effort was initiated between researchers from different disciplines on Heron Reef (23°27’S, 151°55’E), to fill critical gaps in our understanding of how marine heatwaves influence corals across varied ecological and spatial scales. Coral bleaching was quantified using environmental and ecological data captured across three spatial scales: the reef, community, and individual colony level. Data were collected using satellite imagery, in situ ecological surveys, temperature loggers and manipulative experiments, conducted across multiple reef zones and depths. Bleaching responses were quantified primarily from 15 January to 31 May 2024. At the reef scale, satellite remote sensing revealed that 65% of the live coral area on the reef slope presented some level of bleaching. Both reef and community-scale analyses, including citizen science surveys, indicated that the windward east reef slope had the greatest bleaching impacts. Colony-scale investigations revealed finer-scale bleaching responses, such as overall reductions in growth rates across all sites and taxa, higher bleaching prevalence in hard carbonate substrate as opposed to rubble habitats, higher bleaching susceptibility in juvenile plate corals compared to branching and massive morphologies, and intra-specific variation in thermal stress response within a population of Stylophora pistillata. This multi-scale, cross-disciplinary approach provides insights into the variability of coral bleaching at different spatial scales and underscores the importance of collaboration and scale-appropriate monitoring to accurately quantify impacts and effectively inform reef managers. AN - noaa:73413 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-025-04759-5 IS - 1 J2 - Marine Biology KW - Coral bleaching KW - Thermal stresses KW - Ecological scales KW - Spatial scales KW - Collaboration KW - Coral bleaching KW - Thermal stresses PY - 2025 T2 - Marine Biology T2 - Mar Biol 173, 17 (2026) TI - Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia VL - 173 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73413 ER -
Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California

Ayturan, Zeynep C. ;

Kongoli, Cezar

2024 | Ann. For. Res. 67(2): 201-213, 2024 | PDF

The USDA Forest Service has developed a unique software and tree modelling suite called i-Tree. Several of its instruments are capable of exploring the benefits of trees and forests for pollution mitigation, reduction of storm water runoff, carbon sequestration and storage. However, the system remains underutilized for investigating the effects of ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California Personal Author(s) : Ayturan, Zeynep C.;Kongoli, Cezar;Kunt, Fatma; Published Date : 2024 Source : Ann. For. Res. 67(2): 201-213, 2024 DOI : https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2024.3605 Journal Title : Annals of Forest Research Ayturan, Zeynep C. et al. (2024). Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California. 67(2). https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2024.3605 Ayturan, Zeynep C. and Kongoli, Cezar and Kunt, Fatma "Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California" 67, no. 2 (2024), https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2024.3605 Ayturan, Zeynep C. et al. "Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California" vol. 67, no. 2, 2024, https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2024.3605 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Ayturan, Zeynep C. AU - Kongoli, Cezar AU - Kunt, Fatma AB - The USDA Forest Service has developed a unique software and tree modelling suite called i-Tree. Several of its instruments are capable of exploring the benefits of trees and forests for pollution mitigation, reduction of storm water runoff, carbon sequestration and storage. However, the system remains underutilized for investigating the effects of trees on air quality. In this study, counties in California (CA), United States, were selected using the i-Tree Landscape tool. Next, several characteristics including land cover details, forest details, population, air quality, carbon sequestration capacity, and air pollution removal capacity, were investigated. When considering the air quality situation in these counties, O3 and PM2.5 are the primary pollutants. The planting prioritization map of California was created based on population density, tree cover, plantable space, average PM2.5 and O3 concentration values, and the counties with the highest planting priority were selected using i-Tree Planting tool. Using this instrument, a case study on the modelling of the removal performances of these air pollutants by multiple new species (Turkey oak, Siberian elm, European hackberry, European white elm, Common ash, European silver birch, Velvet ash, Black alder, Bigleaf linden) in priority areas was conducted. The most effective modelled tree species in the area was found to be Turkey oak for its effects in improving air quality in general and O3 in particular. When compared to the effects of modelled trees, the effects of the existing public trees in California were determined to have a comparatively minor impact. AN - noaa:73412 DO - https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2024.3605 IS - 2 J2 - Annals of Forest Research KW - Air—Pollution KW - Forests and forestry KW - Planting (Plant culture) KW - Trees KW - i-Tree KW - Air pollution removal KW - Air—Pollution KW - Forests and forestry KW - Trees KW - Planting (Plant culture) PY - 2024 T2 - Annals of Forest Research T2 - Ann. For. Res. 67(2): 201-213, 2024 TI - Investigation of the effects of tree species on air quality using i-Tree software: A case study in California VL - 67 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73412 ER -
Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems

Wei, Jianwei W. ;

Wang, Menghua H.

2025 | Remote Sensing of Environment 330 (2025) 114981 | PDF

This study presents a new satellite ocean color data record of Secchi depth (ZSD) observations from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). As part of the NOAA enterprise satellite data processing, the decade-long ZSD data are derived from the visible and near-infrared reflectance measurements over oceanic, coastal, and inland waters ...

05/22/2026

Title : Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems Personal Author(s) : Wei, Jianwei W.;Wang, Menghua H.;Jiang, Lide D.;Lee, Zhongping P.;Kirby, Richard;Mikelsons, Karlis;Lin, Gong; Published Date : 2025 Source : Remote Sensing of Environment 330 (2025) 114981 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114981 Journal Title : Remote Sensing of Environment Wei, Jianwei W. et al. (2025). Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems. 330https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114981 Wei, Jianwei W. et al. "Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems" 330 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114981 Wei, Jianwei W. et al. "Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems" vol. 330, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114981 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wei, Jianwei W. AU - Wang, Menghua H. AU - Jiang, Lide D. AU - Lee, Zhongping P. AU - Kirby, Richard AU - Mikelsons, Karlis AU - Lin, Gong AB - This study presents a new satellite ocean color data record of Secchi depth (ZSD) observations from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). As part of the NOAA enterprise satellite data processing, the decade-long ZSD data are derived from the visible and near-infrared reflectance measurements over oceanic, coastal, and inland waters. Based on in situ data, the model is excellent in generating low-uncertainty ZSD data with an absolute percentage difference (APD) of 15%–29%. The satellite and in situ matchups confirm reliable satellite retrievals with APD = 19%–26% over the ZSD range of 0.1–60 m. Although the product uncertainties are dependent on optical water types, assessments show that the satellite ZSD estimations are very reliable, especially where ZSD ≥ 1 m. This new satellite product has enabled the ability to access Level-2 daily ZSD imagery and information as well as Level-3 data aggregated on daily to monthly scales. Our examination indicates that the ocean transparent windows are situated at 443 and 486 nm in the vast open oceans and 551 nm for most coastal waters. They shift to the red band at 671 nm for extremely turbid environments, such as large river estuaries. From a global perspective, the ZSD data extend from less than half a meter in nearshore environments to >70 m in the South Pacific Gyre, while demonstrating a strong dependency on the optical water types. Short-term fluctuations over time are registered in the satellite ZSD daily and monthly data from almost every aquatic environment. Trend analyses reveal significant increases in water transparency over many regions, especially the open ocean. We stress the necessity of normalizing satellite ZSD estimations to eliminate the uncertainties induced by different solar-zenith angles. The present satellite products can be further improved by accounting for the limitations imposed by the multispectral reflectance data with hyperspectral ocean color spectra. AN - noaa:73411 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114981 J2 - Remote Sensing of Environment KW - Ocean color KW - Remote sensing KW - Secchi depth KW - Water transparency KW - Validation KW - Spatio-temporal KW - Optical water types KW - VIIRS KW - Remote sensing reflectance KW - Ocean color KW - Remote sensing PY - 2025 T2 - Remote Sensing of Environment T2 - Remote Sensing of Environment 330 (2025) 114981 TI - Satellite observations of water transparency from VIIRS in global aquatic ecosystems VL - 330 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73411 ER -
Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance

Wei, Jianwei

;

Wang, Menghua H.

2024 | International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 131 (2024) 103921 | PDF

This study exploits the potential of satellite remote sensing reflectance spectra (Rrs(λ)) for detecting ocean surface algal blooms. Three types of floating surface algae are examined: Sargassum, Ulva, and Trichodesmium. The satellite images are processed with a shortwave infrared (SWIR)-based atmospheric correction processor from the Visible Infra ...

05/22/2026

Title : Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance Personal Author(s) : Wei, Jianwei;Wang, Menghua H.; Published Date : 2024 Source : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 131 (2024) 103921 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.103921 Journal Title : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation Wei, Jianwei and Wang, Menghua H. (2024). Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance. 131https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.103921 Wei, Jianwei and Wang, Menghua H. "Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance" 131 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.103921 Wei, Jianwei and Wang, Menghua H. "Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance" vol. 131, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.103921 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wei, Jianwei AU - Wang, Menghua H. AB - This study exploits the potential of satellite remote sensing reflectance spectra (Rrs(λ)) for detecting ocean surface algal blooms. Three types of floating surface algae are examined: Sargassum, Ulva, and Trichodesmium. The satellite images are processed with a shortwave infrared (SWIR)-based atmospheric correction processor from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). We calculate the red-edge reflectance anomaly from the Rrs(λ) data to delineate the notable spectral difference at 671 and 862 nm. The new data have generated floating algal maps comparable with historical methods relying on Rayleigh-corrected reflectance data. The Rrs(λ) spectra are found to have high quality scores over Sargassum and Trichodesmium waters, suggesting less uncertainty from atmospheric correction. With problems to be addressed, this preliminary study finds it promising to use the VIIRS reflectance products for floating algae detection and mapping. Continuous efforts are highly recommended as the new data and approach can not only facilitate a retrospective analysis over global oceans but also benefit a greater application to next-generation hyperspectral satellites. AN - noaa:73410 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2024.103921 J2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation KW - Algae KW - Remote sensing KW - Sargassum KW - Trichodesmium KW - Ulva KW - Remote sensing reflectance KW - Floating surface algae KW - Red-edge anomaly KW - Remote sensing KW - Algae KW - Sargassum KW - Trichodesmium KW - Ulva PY - 2024 T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 131 (2024) 103921 TI - Mapping ocean surface algal blooms with SWIR-derived satellite remote sensing reflectance VL - 131 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73410 ER -
Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing

Shi, Wei ;

Wang, Menghua

2025 | Science of Remote Sensing 11 (2025) 100184 | PDF

Using satellite-measured sea surface salinity (SSS) from the Aquarius and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) missions since 2011, we show that SSS in the Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) experienced dipolar changes in the well-defined east EIO and west EIO regions during the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events. Similar to the concepts of dipole mode Ind ...

05/22/2026

Title : Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing Personal Author(s) : Shi, Wei;Wang, Menghua; Published Date : 2025 Source : Science of Remote Sensing 11 (2025) 100184 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2024.100184 Journal Title : Science of Remote Sensing Shi, Wei and Wang, Menghua (2025). Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing. 11https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2024.100184 Shi, Wei and Wang, Menghua "Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing" 11 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2024.100184 Shi, Wei and Wang, Menghua "Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing" vol. 11, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2024.100184 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Shi, Wei AU - Wang, Menghua AB - Using satellite-measured sea surface salinity (SSS) from the Aquarius and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) missions since 2011, we show that SSS in the Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) experienced dipolar changes in the well-defined east EIO and west EIO regions during the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events. Similar to the concepts of dipole mode Index (DMI) and biological dipole mode index (BDMI), a salinity dipole mode index (SDMI) is proposed using the same definition for the east and west IOD zones. The results show that the salinity IOD in this study is in general co-located and co-incidental with the sea surface temperature (SST) IOD and biological IOD in previous studies. In the positive IOD event in 2019, the SSS anomaly was >1 psu for most of the east IOD zone, while the average SSS in the west IOD zone was ∼0.2–0.3 psu lower than the climatology monthly SSS. The reversed SSS dipolar variability in the EIO was also found during the 2022 negative IOD event. The SSS anomaly difference between the east IOD zone and west IOD zone shows the same variation as the SST-based DMI and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a)-based BDMI. The in situ measurements show that, in the 2019 positive IOD event, the significant IOD-driven salinity change reached water depths at ∼70–80 m and ∼50 m in the east and the west IOD zones, respectively. Results also reveal that the salinity IOD is not only driven by the various ocean processes (e.g., upwelling, downwelling, propagation of the planetary waves, etc.), which are also the main driving forcing for the SST IOD and biological IOD, but also the precipitation and evaporation in the two IOD zones, especially in the west IOD zone. In addition to the traditional SST IOD and recently proposed biological IOD, the salinity IOD indeed features another facet of the entire IOD phenomenon. AN - noaa:73409 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srs.2024.100184 J2 - Science of Remote Sensing KW - Artificial satellites KW - Ocean temperature KW - Remote sensing KW - Salinity KW - Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) KW - Equatorial Indian Ocean KW - Positive IOD KW - Negative IOD KW - Aquarius mission KW - Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) KW - Salinity KW - Ocean temperature KW - Remote sensing KW - Artificial satellites PY - 2025 T2 - Science of Remote Sensing T2 - Science of Remote Sensing 11 (2025) 100184 TI - Salinity Indian Ocean Dipole: Another facet of the Indian Ocean Dipole phenomenon from satellite remote sensing VL - 11 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73409 ER -
Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop

Genkova, Iliana

;

Daniels, Jaime

2025 | Journal of the European Meteorological Society 3 (2025) 100023 | PDF

The Seventeenth International Winds Workshop (IWW17) took place virtually from May 19 to 22, 2025. This event was a collaborative effort, co-organized by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), with support from Lynker LLC and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The w ...

05/22/2026

Title : Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop Personal Author(s) : Genkova, Iliana;Daniels, Jaime; Published Date : 2025 Source : Journal of the European Meteorological Society 3 (2025) 100023 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100023 Journal Title : Journal of the European Meteorological Society Genkova, Iliana and Daniels, Jaime (2025). Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop. 3https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100023 Genkova, Iliana and Daniels, Jaime "Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop" 3 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100023 Genkova, Iliana and Daniels, Jaime "Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop" vol. 3, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100023 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Genkova, Iliana AU - Daniels, Jaime AB - The Seventeenth International Winds Workshop (IWW17) took place virtually from May 19 to 22, 2025. This event was a collaborative effort, co-organized by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), with support from Lynker LLC and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The workshop was attended by 75 participants and featured 50 presentations and 10 posters. Topics covered a range of subjects, including satellite winds derivation (feature tracking) and quality, ocean surface winds, use of winds in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and other applications, future wind-related satellite missions, measurement campaigns supporting these missions, and the reprocessing of climate wind records. The International Winds Workshop brings together the International Winds Working Group (IWWG) . This group plays a crucial role in communicating with the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) on important matters concerning wind derivation from satellites. The workshop serves as a forum for data producers and users to exchange information on the characteristics of all satellite winds (feature tracked, scatterometer, etc.), and to optimize their application in various fields, particularly in numerical weather prediction. This report details the proceedings of IWW17 and includes its recommendations. AN - noaa:73408 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemets.2025.100023 J2 - Journal of the European Meteorological Society KW - Remote sensing KW - Weather KW - Weather forecasting KW - Winds KW - Numerical Weather Prediction KW - International Winds Working Group (IWWG) KW - World Meteorological Organization (WMO) KW - Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) KW - Winds KW - Remote sensing KW - Weather KW - Weather forecasting PY - 2025 T2 - Journal of the European Meteorological Society T2 - Journal of the European Meteorological Society 3 (2025) 100023 TI - Summary of the seventeenth international winds workshop VL - 3 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73408 ER -
Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach

Liu, Xiaoming M.

;

Wang, Menghua H.

2025 | International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 144 (2025) 104929 | PDF

Mesoscale eddies can be captured not only by sea surface height (SSH) imageries derived from satellite altimetry missions, but also by ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) imageries derived from the visible, near-infrared, shortwave infrared, and thermal bands of satellite sensors. Satellite SSH and SST data have been used for eddy detecti ...

05/22/2026

Title : Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach Personal Author(s) : Liu, Xiaoming M.;Wang, Menghua H.; Published Date : 2025 Source : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 144 (2025) 104929 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104929 Journal Title : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation Liu, Xiaoming M. and Wang, Menghua H. (2025). Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach. 144https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104929 Liu, Xiaoming M. and Wang, Menghua H. "Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach" 144 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104929 Liu, Xiaoming M. and Wang, Menghua H. "Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach" vol. 144, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104929 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Liu, Xiaoming M. AU - Wang, Menghua H. AB - Mesoscale eddies can be captured not only by sea surface height (SSH) imageries derived from satellite altimetry missions, but also by ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) imageries derived from the visible, near-infrared, shortwave infrared, and thermal bands of satellite sensors. Satellite SSH and SST data have been used for eddy detection in the past. With the development of the gap-free ocean color datasets, researchers have recently started to use satellite chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) data for eddy detection. In addition, satellite-derived diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm [Kd(490)], which measures the water turbidity, is also found to be sensitive to the effect of mesoscale eddies. However, it has been found that a single parameter of SSH, SST or Chl-a is often not reliable to accurately detect ocean eddies. In this study, we propose a deep convolution neural network (CNN)-based model that incorporates three parameters, Chl-a, Kd(490), and SST, for eddy detection. In our implementation of neural networks, the image of each parameter of Chl-a, Kd(490), and SST runs through a separate encoding–decoding path to obtain its single-parameter based feature map of oceanic eddies. The three feature maps are then concatenated and convolved by a convolution layer, before the final “softmax” activation layer is applied to perform pixel-wise classification for eddy detection. The networks are tested in the Gulf of America (GoA) and the Gulf Stream Extension (GSE) region. It is found that the single-parameter of SST model does not always detect eddies in the GoA, while the single-parameter model of Chl-a or Kd(490) sometime misses eddy detections in the GSE region. However, three-parameter combined model is always reliable to accurately detect the anticyclone and cyclonic eddies of interests in the GoA and GSE. The eddy detection of the single-parameter models and the combined model are quantitatively evaluated, showing that the three-parameter combined model performed significantly better than all single-parameter models. AN - noaa:73407 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104929 J2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation KW - Deep learning (Machine learning) KW - Ocean color KW - Ocean temperature KW - Convolution neural network KW - Eddy detection KW - Chlorophyll-a concentration KW - Diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Sea surface height KW - Ocean color KW - Ocean temperature KW - Deep learning (Machine learning) PY - 2025 T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 144 (2025) 104929 TI - Detection of ocean eddies from satellite ocean color and SST measurements using a deep learning approach VL - 144 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73407 ER -
Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015

Zhang, Yingjun J.

;

Barnes, Brian B.

2025 | Nat. Geosci. 18, 1266–1272 (2025) | PDF

The Sargasso Sea, at the centre of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre, draws its name from the endemic floating brown macroalgae, Sargassum, which provides shelter and habitat for life in the pelagic zone. In 2011, the Sargassum footprint expanded to include the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt in the tropical Atlantic, but little is known about how ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015 Personal Author(s) : Zhang, Yingjun J.;Barnes, Brian B.;Goodwin, Deborah S.;Siuda, Amy N.S.;Schell, Jeffrey M.;McGillicuddy, Dennis J.;Lapointe, Brian E.;Qi, Lin;Hu, Chuanmin M.; Published Date : 2025 Source : Nat. Geosci. 18, 1266–1272 (2025) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01863-5 Journal Title : Nature Geoscience Zhang, Yingjun J. et al. (2025). Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015. 18(12). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01863-5 Zhang, Yingjun J. et al. "Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015" 18, no. 12 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01863-5 Zhang, Yingjun J. et al. "Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015" vol. 18, no. 12, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01863-5 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Zhang, Yingjun J. AU - Barnes, Brian B. AU - Goodwin, Deborah S. AU - Siuda, Amy N.S. AU - Schell, Jeffrey M. AU - McGillicuddy, Dennis J. AU - Lapointe, Brian E. AU - Qi, Lin AU - Hu, Chuanmin M. AB - The Sargasso Sea, at the centre of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre, draws its name from the endemic floating brown macroalgae, Sargassum, which provides shelter and habitat for life in the pelagic zone. In 2011, the Sargassum footprint expanded to include the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt in the tropical Atlantic, but little is known about how Sargassum in the Sargasso Sea changed thereafter. Here we use satellite and in situ data to show that Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea has declined dramatically since 2015. Accompanying this decline is a disruption in local Sargassum seasonal growth cycles, whereby the previously consistent fall-to-winter north Sargasso Sea biomass maxima have shifted to spring-to-summer peaks that mirror those of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt—a result of advection from this latter region. We posit that the north Sargasso Sea decline is due to reduced Sargassum supply from a historical Gulf of Mexico source region, possibly attributable to increasing sea surface temperatures and more frequent marine heatwaves in the Gulf of Mexico. Together, proliferation in the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt and decline in the north Sargasso Sea may represent the beginnings of a regime shift in Sargassum distribution. AN - noaa:73406 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-025-01863-5 IS - 12 J2 - Nature Geoscience KW - Sargassum KW - Sargassum PY - 2025 T2 - Nature Geoscience T2 - Nat. Geosci. 18, 1266–1272 (2025) TI - Dramatic decline of Sargassum in the north Sargasso Sea since 2015 VL - 18 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73406 ER -
Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products

Yang, Tianshu S.

;

Sun, Donglian L.

2024 | Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(20):3769 | PDF

Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and Advanced Baseline Imager (GOES-R ABI) flood products have been widely used by the National Weather Service (NWS) for river flood monitoring, and by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for rescue and relief efforts. Some water bodies, like wetlands, are detected as water but not marked ...

05/22/2026

Title : Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products Personal Author(s) : Yang, Tianshu S.;Sun, Donglian L.;Li, Sanmei M.;Kalluri, Satya;Zhou, Lihang H.;Helfrich, Sean;Yuan, Meng;Zhang, Qingyuan Y.;Straka, William;Maggioni, Viviana;Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando; Published Date : 2024 Source : Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(20):3769 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203769 Journal Title : Remote Sensing Yang, Tianshu S. et al. (2024). Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products. 16(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203769 Yang, Tianshu S. et al. "Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products" 16, no. 20 (2024), https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203769 Yang, Tianshu S. et al. "Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products" vol. 16, no. 20, 2024, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203769 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Yang, Tianshu S. AU - Sun, Donglian L. AU - Li, Sanmei M. AU - Kalluri, Satya AU - Zhou, Lihang H. AU - Helfrich, Sean AU - Yuan, Meng AU - Zhang, Qingyuan Y. AU - Straka, William AU - Maggioni, Viviana AU - Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando AB - Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) and Advanced Baseline Imager (GOES-R ABI) flood products have been widely used by the National Weather Service (NWS) for river flood monitoring, and by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for rescue and relief efforts. Some water bodies, like wetlands, are detected as water but not marked as permanent or normal water, which may result in their misclassification as floodwaters by VIIRS and GOES-R flood products. These water bodies generally do not cause significant property damage or fatalities, but they can complicate the identification of truly hazardous floods. This study utilizes the severe Louisiana flood event caused by Hurricane Ida to demonstrate how to differentiate wetlands from real-hazard flooding. Since Hurricane Ida made landfall in 2021, and there was no major flood event in 2022, VIIRS and ABI flood data from 2021 and 2022 were selected. The difference in annual total flooding days between 2021 and 2022 was calculated and combined with long-time flood frequency to distinguish non-hazard floodwaters due to wetlands identified from real-hazard floods caused by the hurricane. The results were compared with the wetlands from the change detection analysis. The confusion matrix analysis indicated an accuracy of 91.58%, precision of 89.97%, and F1-score of 76.63% for the VIIRS flood products. For the GOES-R ABI flood products, the confusion matrix analysis yielded an accuracy of 86.88%, precision of 97.49%, and F1-score of 75.21%. The accuracy and F1-score values for the GOES-R ABI flood products are slightly lower than those for the VIIRS flood products, possibly due to their lower spatial resolution, but still within a feasible range. AN - noaa:73405 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203769 IS - 20 J2 - Remote Sensing KW - Wetlands KW - Non-hazard floodwater KW - GOES-R flood product KW - VIIRS flood product KW - Wetlands PY - 2024 T2 - Remote Sensing T2 - Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(20):3769 TI - Extracting Wetlands in Coastal Louisiana from the Operational VIIRS and GOES-R Flood Products VL - 16 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73405 ER -
Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap

Wilson, Harriet ;

Raasakka, Nina

2025 | Front. Remote Sens. 6:1549286 | PDF

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 requires innovative and often disruptive approaches to address critical gaps in global water quality monitoring. The most recent SDG Indicator 6.3.2 (Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality) progress report highlights a critical water quality in situ data gap, with an urgent need for co ...

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Supporting Files

Title : Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap Personal Author(s) : Wilson, Harriet;Raasakka, Nina;Spyrakos, Evangelos;Millar, David;Neely, Merrie Beth;Salyani, Anham;Pawar, Shubham;Chernov, Igor; Published Date : 2025 Source : Front. Remote Sens. 6:1549286 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2025.1549286 Journal Title : Frontiers in Remote Sensing Wilson, Harriet et al. (2025). Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap. 6https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2025.1549286 Wilson, Harriet et al. "Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap" 6 (2025), https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2025.1549286 Wilson, Harriet et al. "Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap" vol. 6, 2025, https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2025.1549286 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wilson, Harriet AU - Raasakka, Nina AU - Spyrakos, Evangelos AU - Millar, David AU - Neely, Merrie Beth AU - Salyani, Anham AU - Pawar, Shubham AU - Chernov, Igor AB - Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 requires innovative and often disruptive approaches to address critical gaps in global water quality monitoring. The most recent SDG Indicator 6.3.2 (Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality) progress report highlights a critical water quality in situ data gap, with an urgent need for countries to strengthen their monitoring capacity and commence state water quality assessments and trend analysis. Earth Observation (EO) technologies hold immense potential to close that gap for SDG Indicator 6.3.2. However, limited awareness, lack of skills and resource inequalities are some of the barriers which hinder widespread adoption of EO. We present insights from a unique workshop held at the University of Stirling in 2024, which convened diverse participants from academia, industry, NGOs, and international agencies and across disciplines, geographies, and sectors. Through creative and collective thinking approaches, they developed four actionable concepts: (1) Space Buzz: a media campaign to raise awareness of EO value; (2) centralised EO access hubs to empower users and improve equality; (3) scalable education strategies for capacity building; and (4) an Intergovernmental Panel for Water Quality to enhance global coordination. Each concept derived from a synoptic creative process, demonstrating the uniqueness of thinking within the teams. To unlock the potential of EO for global water quality monitoring, we invite EO networks, funders, water resource managers and individuals to champion these concepts, and incorporate them into funding calls and proposals. AN - noaa:73404 DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2025.1549286 J2 - Frontiers in Remote Sensing KW - Hackathons KW - Remote sensing KW - Water quality KW - Water quality monitoring KW - Innovation KW - Sustainable Development Goal KW - Water quality KW - Remote sensing KW - Hackathons PY - 2025 T2 - Frontiers in Remote Sensing T2 - Front. Remote Sens. 6:1549286 TI - Unlocking the global benefits of Earth Observation to address the SDG 6 in situ water quality monitoring gap VL - 6 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73404 ER -
Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing

Wang, Menghua H. ;

Jiang, Lide

2025 | International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 137 (2025) 104408 | PDF

We describe our work to improve the cloud masking for satellite ocean color data processing over extremely turbid waters and intensive algae blooms (or floating algae), which are often identified as cloud mistakenly. An improved cloud masking approach is proposed using additional information of the Alternate Floating Algae Index (AFAI) and a new no ...

05/22/2026

Title : Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing Personal Author(s) : Wang, Menghua H.;Jiang, Lide; Published Date : 2025 Source : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 137 (2025) 104408 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104408 Journal Title : International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation Wang, Menghua H. and Jiang, Lide (2025). Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing. 137https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104408 Wang, Menghua H. and Jiang, Lide "Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing" 137 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104408 Wang, Menghua H. and Jiang, Lide "Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing" vol. 137, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104408 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wang, Menghua H. AU - Jiang, Lide AB - We describe our work to improve the cloud masking for satellite ocean color data processing over extremely turbid waters and intensive algae blooms (or floating algae), which are often identified as cloud mistakenly. An improved cloud masking approach is proposed using additional information of the Alternate Floating Algae Index (AFAI) and a new normalized AFAI (nAFAI), as well as ratios of the Rayleigh-corrected reflectance ε(RC)(λi, λj) from the blue and near-infrared bands. Specifically, the proposed algorithm adds a recovery procedure after the original cloud masking to retrieve falsely masked pixels and identifies these pixels as turbid waters, floating algae or absorbing aerosols, from which ocean color products can be further derived. The new cloud masking algorithm has been implemented in the NOAA Multi-Sensor Level-1 to Level-2 (MSL12) ocean color data processing system for routine global data processing for various satellite ocean color sensors, e.g., the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI), the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), etc. Results show that the new cloud masking has remarkably improved ocean color data coverage, particularly over highly turbid coastal and inland waters, as well as intensive floating algae, eliminating almost all false cloud pixels. For example, using the new cloud masking algorithm, the falsely masked pixels are recovered, reducing cloud masking pixels by ∼30–40% and ∼40–50% over highly turbid China East Coast and China’s Lake Taihu, respectively. AN - noaa:73403 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2025.104408 J2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation KW - Ocean color KW - Remote sensing KW - Cloud masking KW - Floating algae KW - Turbid waters KW - Ocean color KW - Remote sensing PY - 2025 T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 137 (2025) 104408 TI - Recovery of pixels with extremely turbid waters and intensive floating algae from false cloud masking in satellite ocean color remote sensing VL - 137 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73403 ER -
Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project

Vabson, Viktor

;

Ansko, Ilmar

2025 | Remote Sens. 2025, 17(22), 3692 | PDF

Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project

05/22/2026

Title : Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project Personal Author(s) : Vabson, Viktor;Ansko, Ilmar;Bialek, Agnieszka;Feinholz, Michael E.;Kuusk, Joel;Lamb, Ryan;Marty, Sabine;Ondrusek, Michael;Rammeloo, Clemens;Rehm, Eric;Vendt, Riho;Voss, Kenneth J.;Gossn, Juan I.;Kwiatkowska, Ewa; Published Date : 2025 Source : Remote Sens. 2025, 17(22), 3692 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223692 Journal Title : Remote Sensing Vabson, Viktor et al. (2025). Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project. 17(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223692 Vabson, Viktor et al. "Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project" 17, no. 22 (2025), https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223692 Vabson, Viktor et al. "Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project" vol. 17, no. 22, 2025, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223692 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Vabson, Viktor AU - Ansko, Ilmar AU - Bialek, Agnieszka AU - Feinholz, Michael E. AU - Kuusk, Joel AU - Lamb, Ryan AU - Marty, Sabine AU - Ondrusek, Michael AU - Rammeloo, Clemens AU - Rehm, Eric AU - Vendt, Riho AU - Voss, Kenneth J. AU - Gossn, Juan I. AU - Kwiatkowska, Ewa AB - Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project AN - noaa:73402 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17223692 IS - 22 J2 - Remote Sensing KW - Calibration KW - Ocean color KW - Uncertainty KW - Hyperspectral radiometer KW - Comparison measurement KW - Bias KW - Metrological compatibility KW - Ocean color KW - Calibration KW - Uncertainty PY - 2025 T2 - Remote Sensing T2 - Remote Sens. 2025, 17(22), 3692 TI - Laboratory Calibration Comparison of Hyperspectral Ocean Color Radiometers in the Frame of the FRM4SOC Phase 2 Project VL - 17 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73402 ER -
Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea

Soni, Ashish

;

Soyam, Pawan S.

2025 | Ashish Soni et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 054049 | PDF

In-situ observations of atmospheric Black Carbon (BC) aerosols over the northern Indian Ocean are sparse, especially during the Indian Summer Monsoon season due to harsh and challenging oceanic conditions associated with strong south-westerly winds and rough sea states. In the present study, we measured atmospheric BC over the Arabian Sea (AS) duri ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea Personal Author(s) : Soni, Ashish;Soyam, Pawan S.;Bankar, Shivdas;Prabhakaran, Thara;Fernando, Harindra J.S.;Gamage, Devmi;Modjeski, Griffin;Bolella, Selina;Goes, Joaquim;Kovach, Charles;Bera, Sudarsan;Aravindhavel, A.;Zoffoli, Maria L.;Tandon, Amit;Konwar, Mahen;Murugavel, P.;Safai, Pramod;Decesari, Stefano;Facchini, Maria C.;Lee, Craig M.;Kalarikkal, Nandakumar; Published Date : 2025 Source : Ashish Soni et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 054049 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc751 Journal Title : Environmental Research Letters Soni, Ashish et al. (2025). Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea. 20(5). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc751 Soni, Ashish et al. "Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea" 20, no. 5 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc751 Soni, Ashish et al. "Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea" vol. 20, no. 5, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc751 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Soni, Ashish AU - Soyam, Pawan S. AU - Bankar, Shivdas AU - Prabhakaran, Thara AU - Fernando, Harindra J.S. AU - Gamage, Devmi AU - Modjeski, Griffin AU - Bolella, Selina AU - Goes, Joaquim AU - Kovach, Charles AU - Bera, Sudarsan AU - Aravindhavel, A. AU - Zoffoli, Maria L. AU - Tandon, Amit AU - Konwar, Mahen AU - Murugavel, P. AU - Safai, Pramod AU - Decesari, Stefano AU - Facchini, Maria C. AU - Lee, Craig M. AU - Kalarikkal, Nandakumar AB - In-situ observations of atmospheric Black Carbon (BC) aerosols over the northern Indian Ocean are sparse, especially during the Indian Summer Monsoon season due to harsh and challenging oceanic conditions associated with strong south-westerly winds and rough sea states. In the present study, we measured atmospheric BC over the Arabian Sea (AS) during June on board a research expedition. While BC is expected to decrease as we move away from continental landmass, surprisingly, despite negligible land-based combustion activities at this time of the year, a zone of high BC was observed offshore within a narrow band impacted by the Biparjoy cyclone. The median BC concentration was two-fold higher within the cyclone-impacted zone than in the region east of this zone. Airmass back-trajectory and satellite fire map analysis revealed that savanna burning in Africa could significantly affects elevated BC signals over the AS. However, the absence of correlation of BC with biomass-burning tracers inside the high-BC zone clearly suggested some other active source(s). Correlation analysis of BC with oceanic deep-water vertical mixing indicators as well as atmospheric processes provides vital pointers that a significant amount of this BC can be regurgitated from waters, which are brought to the surface from depth, as the deep ocean is one of largest reservoirs of BC aerosols. These findings demand a nascent scope for controlled simulation experiments to estimate regurgitated BC from the ocean to reduce its uncertainty. AN - noaa:73401 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/adc751 IS - 5 J2 - Environmental Research Letters KW - Aerosols KW - Cyclonses KW - Monsoons KW - Black Carbon aerosol KW - Indian summer monsoon KW - Aerosols KW - Cyclonses KW - Monsoons PY - 2025 T2 - Environmental Research Letters T2 - Ashish Soni et al 2025 Environ. Res. Lett. 20 054049 TI - Deep waters a significant source of Black Carbon aerosols in the Arabian Sea VL - 20 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73401 ER -
Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China

Qian, Peng

;

Zhu, Bin

2024 | Peng Qian et al 2024 Environ. Res. Lett. 19 124052 | PDF

Northwest China (NWC), is characterized by its arid and semi-arid environment, and exhibits high sensitivity to precipitation variations. Recent research indicates a wetting tendency over NWC, yet quantifying its moisture source remains challenging. Here, employing a 40 year simulation with Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5.1) coupled to ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China Personal Author(s) : Qian, Peng;Zhu, Bin;Zhu, Tong;Fang, Chenwei;Lu, Chunsong;Chen, Haishan;Liao, Hong; Published Date : 2024 Source : Peng Qian et al 2024 Environ. Res. Lett. 19 124052 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8b5e Journal Title : Environmental Research Letters Qian, Peng et al. (2024). Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China. 19(12). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8b5e Qian, Peng et al. "Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China" 19, no. 12 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8b5e Qian, Peng et al. "Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China" vol. 19, no. 12, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8b5e Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Qian, Peng AU - Zhu, Bin AU - Zhu, Tong AU - Fang, Chenwei AU - Lu, Chunsong AU - Chen, Haishan AU - Liao, Hong AB - Northwest China (NWC), is characterized by its arid and semi-arid environment, and exhibits high sensitivity to precipitation variations. Recent research indicates a wetting tendency over NWC, yet quantifying its moisture source remains challenging. Here, employing a 40 year simulation with Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5.1) coupled to an atmospheric water tracer algorithm, we ascertain that the dominant source of summer moisture over NWC are from terrestrial sources (82% of vapor and 77% of precipitation), i.e. from local evaporation, North Asia (NA), Europe (EUP), the southern Tibetan Plateau (STP), and southeastern China (SEC), rather than oceanic sources. Favorable synoptic patterns over NWC enhance the precipitation-conversion efficiency from the southeasterly airflow transport (STP and SEC) compared to northwesterly airflow (NA and EUP). We also find that the fluctuations in precipitation over NWC, manifesting as alternating dry and wet summers, are primarily driven by increased moisture contributions from direct inputs from NA and re-evaporation transport from STP. Our study indicates that moisture variability in inland is predominantly driven by nearby terrestrial sources and underscores the complex mechanisms of terrestrial moisture transport. AN - noaa:73400 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad8b5e IS - 12 J2 - Environmental Research Letters KW - Northwest China, atmospheric water tracer, precipitation fluctuations, terrestrial moisture sources KW - Precipitation (Meteorology) KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Northwest China KW - Atmospheric water tracer KW - Precipitation fluctuations KW - Terrestrial moisture sources KW - Precipitation (Meteorology) KW - Precipitation anomalies KW - Northwest China, atmospheric water tracer, precipitation fluctuations, terrestrial moisture sources PY - 2024 T2 - Environmental Research Letters T2 - Peng Qian et al 2024 Environ. Res. Lett. 19 124052 TI - Terrestrial moisture sources dominate summer precipitation fluctuations in Northwest China VL - 19 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73400 ER -
Global floating algae blooms are expanding

Qi, Lin

;

Wang, Menghua H.

2025 | Nat Commun 17, 612 (2026) | PDF

In the past two decades, both microscopic algae (i.e., phytoplankton) and larger algae (i.e., macroalgae) have increased in certain coastal and open ocean waters, yet a comprehensive picture at the global scale is lacking. Here, we address this challenge by analyzing 1.2 million satellite images with computer artificial intelligence to quantify mac ...

05/22/2026

Supporting Files

Title : Global floating algae blooms are expanding Personal Author(s) : Qi, Lin;Wang, Menghua H.;Barnes, Brian B.;Capone, Douglas G.;Goes, Joaquim I.;Carpenter, Edward J.;Xie, Yuyuan Y.;Hu, Chuanmin M.; Published Date : 2025 Source : Nat Commun 17, 612 (2026) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66822-5 Journal Title : Nature Communications Qi, Lin et al. (2025). Global floating algae blooms are expanding. 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66822-5 Qi, Lin et al. "Global floating algae blooms are expanding" 17, no. 1 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66822-5 Qi, Lin et al. "Global floating algae blooms are expanding" vol. 17, no. 1, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66822-5 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Qi, Lin AU - Wang, Menghua H. AU - Barnes, Brian B. AU - Capone, Douglas G. AU - Goes, Joaquim I. AU - Carpenter, Edward J. AU - Xie, Yuyuan Y. AU - Hu, Chuanmin M. AB - In the past two decades, both microscopic algae (i.e., phytoplankton) and larger algae (i.e., macroalgae) have increased in certain coastal and open ocean waters, yet a comprehensive picture at the global scale is lacking. Here, we address this challenge by analyzing 1.2 million satellite images with computer artificial intelligence to quantify macroalgal mats and microalgal scums in global oceans between 2003 and 2022. With a total cumulative realized niche area of 43.8 million km2, macroalgae blooms in the tropical Atlantic and western Pacific both expanded at unprecedented rates since the 2010s (13.4% per year since 2003). Although slower, the annual expansion rate of microalgae scums is also statistically significant (1.0% per year since 2003). Such trends are likely a result of ocean warming and eutrophication, with a possible regime shift favoring macroalgae and specialized species of microalgae. These findings have broad implications on ocean ecology, carbon sequestration, environments, and economy. AN - noaa:73399 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66822-5 IS - 1 J2 - Nature Communications KW - Algal blooms KW - Phytoplankton KW - Remote-sensing images KW - Satellite images KW - Macroalgae KW - Algal blooms KW - Phytoplankton KW - Remote-sensing images PY - 2025 T2 - Nature Communications T2 - Nat Commun 17, 612 (2026) TI - Global floating algae blooms are expanding VL - 17 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73399 ER -
ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments

Moradi, Isaac ;

Kalluri, Satya

2025 | Mach. Learn.: Earth 1 (2025) 015012 | PDF

Microwave (MW) and infrared (IR) observations are fundamental for weather forecasting, climate monitoring, and atmospheric sounding. Traditionally, inter-calibration efforts have focused on harmonizing measurements between similar instruments or within the same spectral domain. In this study, we explore the use of machine learning (ML) to directly ...

05/22/2026

Title : ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments Personal Author(s) : Moradi, Isaac;Kalluri, Satya; Published Date : 2025 Source : Mach. Learn.: Earth 1 (2025) 015012 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1088/3049-4753/ae1cce Journal Title : Machine Learning: Earth Moradi, Isaac and Kalluri, Satya (2025). ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments. 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/3049-4753/ae1cce Moradi, Isaac and Kalluri, Satya "ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments" 1, no. 1 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1088/3049-4753/ae1cce Moradi, Isaac and Kalluri, Satya "ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments" vol. 1, no. 1, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1088/3049-4753/ae1cce Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Moradi, Isaac AU - Kalluri, Satya AB - Microwave (MW) and infrared (IR) observations are fundamental for weather forecasting, climate monitoring, and atmospheric sounding. Traditionally, inter-calibration efforts have focused on harmonizing measurements between similar instruments or within the same spectral domain. In this study, we explore the use of machine learning (ML) to directly cross-calibrate MW and IR observations, leveraging data from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) onboard the NOAA-20 (N20) and Suomi-NPP (NPP) satellites. We demonstrate that an ML-model trained using CrIS observations as input (2211 channels) can predict the ATMS observations (22 channels) with a bias less than 0.1 K and a the coefficients of determination generally greater than 90%. Our results highlight the potential of ML-based cross-calibration approaches for bridging instruments across different spectral regions, provided that the input observations contain all necessary information to reconstruct the target observations. The proposed methodology offers a path forward for the cross-calibration of instruments operating in different spectral domains. AN - noaa:73398 DO - https://doi.org/10.1088/3049-4753/ae1cce IS - 1 J2 - Machine Learning: Earth KW - Infrared radiation KW - Microwaves KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellite observations KW - Microwaves KW - Infrared radiation KW - Remote sensing PY - 2025 T2 - Machine Learning: Earth T2 - Mach. Learn.: Earth 1 (2025) 015012 TI - ML-driven cross-calibration of microwave and infrared instruments VL - 1 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73398 ER -
Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning

Maddy, Eric S.

;

Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio

2025 | IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 18, pp. 26081-26093, 2025 | PDF

This study explores the scientific arguments for fusing hyperspectral microwave and hyperspectral infrared satellite data using machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), with a particular focus on enhancing the planning of next-generation satellite architectures. Through simulation experiments and assessments of the information conten ...

05/22/2026

Title : Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning Personal Author(s) : Maddy, Eric S.;Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio; Published Date : 2025 Source : IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 18, pp. 26081-26093, 2025 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3605021 Journal Title : IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing Maddy, Eric S. and Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio (2025). Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning. 18https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3605021 Maddy, Eric S. and Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio "Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning" 18 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3605021 Maddy, Eric S. and Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio "Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning" vol. 18, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3605021 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Maddy, Eric S. AU - Iturbide-Sanchez, Flavio AB - This study explores the scientific arguments for fusing hyperspectral microwave and hyperspectral infrared satellite data using machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), with a particular focus on enhancing the planning of next-generation satellite architectures. Through simulation experiments and assessments of the information content from both program-of-record infrared and microwave sounder observations and notional hyperspectral microwave sensors, we demonstrate that combining these data types significantly improves our understanding of the thermodynamic atmospheric state, from the surface to the top of the atmosphere, under all-surface and all-weather conditions. By leveraging the unique advantages of both microwave and infrared hyperspectral observations, we show how this fusion enhances the retrieval of key meteorological parameters, such as severe weather convective indices, planetary boundary layer (PBL) heights, surface wind speed, and surface pressure—critical parameters for accurate weather forecasting. The study highlights the value of exploring the microwave window regions between 5 and 320 GHz, which provides unprecedented insights into PBL height, a crucial component in understanding atmospheric dynamics. The study also emphasizes the benefits of deploying a constellation of hyperspectral infrared and microwave sensors to improve global coverage and data availability, enabling more accurate and timely weather forecasting. The fusion of hyperspectral infrared and microwave data from a constellation of low-Earth orbit satellites offers a significant opportunity to improve temporal, spatial, and spectral coverage compared to current state-of-the-art satellite sounders. This improvement is particularly valuable for enhancing the real-time monitoring of severe meteorological events, such as tropical cyclones, by offering more frequent and detailed data on atmospheric conditions. AN - noaa:73397 DO - https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2025.3605021 J2 - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Machine learning KW - Remote sensing KW - Data assimilation KW - Hyperspectral instruments KW - Infrared sounders KW - Microwave instruments KW - Microwave sounders KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Machine learning KW - Remote sensing PY - 2025 T2 - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing T2 - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 18, pp. 26081-26093, 2025 TI - Next-Generation Satellite Architecture Planning-Scientific Arguments for Fusing Hyperspectral Microwave/Infrared Data Using Machine Learning VL - 18 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73397 ER -
The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring

López-Maldonado, Yolanda ;

Anstee, Janet

2024 | Front. Water 6:1363187 | PDF

Indigenous Knowledge, observations and understandings of Earth processes are not sufficiently included in global Earth Observations. Drawing on the results obtained during a 3-day hackathon event, we present evidence, best practices and recommendations to water quality organizations seeking to engage and share information with Indigenous communitie ...

05/22/2026

Title : The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring Personal Author(s) : López-Maldonado, Yolanda;Anstee, Janet;Neely, Merrie B.;Marty, Jérôme;Mastracci, Diana;Ngonyani, Happyness;Ogashawara, Igor;Salyani, Anham;Sharma, Kabindra;Sims, Neil C.; Published Date : 2024 Source : Front. Water 6:1363187 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1363187 Journal Title : Frontiers in Water López-Maldonado, Yolanda et al. (2024). The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring. 6https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1363187 López-Maldonado, Yolanda et al. "The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring" 6 (2024), https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1363187 López-Maldonado, Yolanda et al. "The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring" vol. 6, 2024, https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1363187 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - López-Maldonado, Yolanda AU - Anstee, Janet AU - Neely, Merrie B. AU - Marty, Jérôme AU - Mastracci, Diana AU - Ngonyani, Happyness AU - Ogashawara, Igor AU - Salyani, Anham AU - Sharma, Kabindra AU - Sims, Neil C. AB - Indigenous Knowledge, observations and understandings of Earth processes are not sufficiently included in global Earth Observations. Drawing on the results obtained during a 3-day hackathon event, we present evidence, best practices and recommendations to water quality organizations seeking to engage and share information with Indigenous communities. The hackathon event revealed three key findings: First, Indigenous Peoples report precise and accurate observations of changes in various Earth systems, particularly the hydrological cycle. Second, this information can significantly enhance global Outreach and Engagement efforts, aiding in the understanding of hydrological cycle components, water quality, mapping water courses, and monitoring and mitigating the effects of climate change (i.e., floods, droughts, etc.). Third, enabling Indigenous Peoples to contribute their scientific knowledge and utilize Earth Observations is crucial for the protection of other vital components of the water cycle. We addressed two crucial questions: What opportunities exist to include Indigenous Knowledge into Earth Observations, and what are the main challenges in doing so? AN - noaa:73396 DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1363187 J2 - Frontiers in Water KW - Ethnoscience KW - Water quality KW - Indigenous science KW - Earth Observations KW - Water monitoring KW - Data sovereignty KW - GEO Indigenous Alliance KW - Indigenous Knowledge KW - Water quality KW - Ethnoscience PY - 2024 T2 - Frontiers in Water T2 - Front. Water 6:1363187 TI - The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring VL - 6 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73396 ER -

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