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Showing 21 - 40 of 404 results

To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question

Fischer, Michael S.

;

Alvey, George R.

2026 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 131(14) | PDF

Previous studies have shown that vertically misaligned circulations are commonly found in weaker tropical cyclones (TCs) below hurricane strength, whereas TCs of hurricane intensity more typically exhibit vertically aligned vortices. Thus an important step in the TC intensification process is achieving a vertically aligned circulation. The present ...

07/31/2026

Title : To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question Personal Author(s) : Fischer, Michael S.;Alvey, George R.;Jariwala, Deelan;Reasor, Paul D.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 131(14) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045986 Journal Title : Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Fischer, Michael S. et al. (2026). To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question. 131(14). https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045986 Fischer, Michael S. et al. "To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question" 131, no. 14 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045986 Fischer, Michael S. et al. "To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question" vol. 131, no. 14, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045986 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Fischer, Michael S. AU - Alvey, George R. AU - Jariwala, Deelan AU - Reasor, Paul D. AB - Previous studies have shown that vertically misaligned circulations are commonly found in weaker tropical cyclones (TCs) below hurricane strength, whereas TCs of hurricane intensity more typically exhibit vertically aligned vortices. Thus an important step in the TC intensification process is achieving a vertically aligned circulation. The present study is the first to perform a comprehensive, observational comparison of how the TC vortex and convective characteristics differ between Quickly Aligning and Persistently Tilted TCs. Airborne Doppler radar analyses from the Tropical Cyclone Radar Archive of Doppler Analyses with Recentering (TC‐RADAR) revealed that Quickly Aligning TCs have stronger and more compact lower‐tropospheric circulations. Although the initial vortex tilt magnitudes are similar in Quickly Aligning and Persistently Tilted TCs, Quickly Aligning storms are characterized by a tilt direction that tends to be more cyclonically downwind of the vertical wind shear vector than their Persistently Tilted counterparts. Quickly Aligning TCs also exhibit more frequent and stronger ascent in the lower troposphere than Persistently Tilted TCs, both near the lower‐tropospheric TC center and beneath the displaced mid‐tropospheric vortex, whereas differences aloft were less pronounced. The environments of Quickly Aligning TCs feature weaker mid‐tropospheric vertical wind shear, greater column‐integrated precipitable water in a mesoscale domain near the low‐level circulation center (LLC), and larger maximum potential intensities than Persistently Tilted TCs. We hypothesize that, although convection is generally favored near the mid‐tropospheric TC center, enhanced lower‐tropospheric vertical mass fluxes, especially within 35-50 km of the LLC, drive changes in misalignment via vortex stretching and precession. AN - noaa:74042 DO - https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JD045986 IS - 14 J2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU) PY - 2026 T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 131(14) TI - To Align or Not to Align? That Is the Question VL - 131 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74042 ER -
From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters

Huffmyer, Ariana S.

;

Ozguner, Noah

2026 | PeerJ, 14, e21542 | PDF

Metabolic rate assays are essential for assessing organismal stress and resilience, yet their use in aquaculture remains limited. We evaluate a whole-organism, resazurin-based metabolic assay for oysters ( Crassostrea gigas and C. virginica) across multiple experimental contexts. Resazurin fluorescence was strongly correlated with oxygen consumptio ...

07/31/2026

Title : From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters Personal Author(s) : Huffmyer, Ariana S.;Ozguner, Noah;Baird, Madeline;Elvrum, Colby;Kounellas, Carolyn;Dicksion, Dash;White, Samuel J.;Plough, Louis;Gavery, Mackenzie R.;Krebs, Noah;Walton, William;Small, Jessica;Pitsenbarger, Madeline;Ealy-Whitfield, Healy;Roberts, Steven; Published Date : 2026 Source : PeerJ, 14, e21542 DOI : https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21542 Journal Title : PeerJ Huffmyer, Ariana S. et al. (2026). From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters. 14https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21542 Huffmyer, Ariana S. et al. "From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters" 14 (2026), https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21542 Huffmyer, Ariana S. et al. "From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters" vol. 14, 2026, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21542 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Huffmyer, Ariana S. AU - Ozguner, Noah AU - Baird, Madeline AU - Elvrum, Colby AU - Kounellas, Carolyn AU - Dicksion, Dash AU - White, Samuel J. AU - Plough, Louis AU - Gavery, Mackenzie R. AU - Krebs, Noah AU - Walton, William AU - Small, Jessica AU - Pitsenbarger, Madeline AU - Ealy-Whitfield, Healy AU - Roberts, Steven AB - Metabolic rate assays are essential for assessing organismal stress and resilience, yet their use in aquaculture remains limited. We evaluate a whole-organism, resazurin-based metabolic assay for oysters ( Crassostrea gigas and C. virginica) across multiple experimental contexts. Resazurin fluorescence was strongly correlated with oxygen consumption, validating its use as a metabolic proxy. Thermal performance assays revealed expected temperature-dependent metabolic patterns, including clear optima and tipping points where stimulation shifted to metabolic depression. Acute thermal stress experiments showed that individuals exhibiting greater metabolic depression were more likely to survive, indicating metabolism as a predictor of mortality. We also detected genetic variation in metabolic responses, with significant family-level differences. Finally, metabolic rates of 50 selectively bred C. virginica families were significantly correlated with predicted performance. Together, these results establish resazurin as a reliable, scalable assay for whole-organism metabolism, offering a practical tool to support stock selection, hatchery management, and climate-resilient aquaculture. AN - noaa:74041 DO - https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.21542 J2 - PeerJ PB - PeerJ PY - 2026 T2 - PeerJ T2 - PeerJ, 14, e21542 TI - From blue to pink: resazurin as a high-throughput proxy for metabolic rate in oysters VL - 14 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74041 ER -
Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species

Wilson, Joshua C.

;

Trathan, Philip N.

2026 | Progress in Oceanography, 247, 103798 | PDF

Mesoscale eddies are rotating vortices of water that perturb the local physical, chemical, and biological environment. In the Southern Ocean, penguins inhabit regions characterised by intense eddy activity, which can offer foraging opportunities. To better understand relationships between penguins and eddies, we collated tracking data for five spec ...

07/31/2026

Title : Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species Personal Author(s) : Wilson, Joshua C.;Trathan, Philip N.;Venables, Hugh J.;Ainley, David G.;Auger, Matthis;Baylis, Alistair M.M.;Bost, Charles-André;Emmerson, Louise;Goetz, Kimberley T.;Hindell, Mark A.;Hinke, Jefferson T.;Horswill, Catharine;Houstin, Aymeric;Kato, Akiko;Kokubun, Nobuo;Kooyman, Gerald L.;Korczak-Abshire, Małgorzata;Labrousse, Sara;Le Bohec, Céline;Lowther, Andrew D.;Lyver, Phil O'B;Machado-Gaye, Ana Laura;Makhado, Azwianewi B;Olmastroni, Silvia;Pistorius, Pierre A.;Pütz, Klemens;Ratcliffe, Norman;Ropert-Coudert, Yan;Ryan, Peter G.;Sallée, Jean-Baptiste;Santos, Mercedes;Sherley, Richard B.;Soutullo, Alvaro;Takahashi, Akinori;Wienecke, Barbara;Zitterbart, Daniel P.;Reisinger, Ryan R.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Progress in Oceanography, 247, 103798 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103798 Journal Title : Progress in Oceanography Wilson, Joshua C. et al. (2026). Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species. 247https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103798 Wilson, Joshua C. et al. "Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species" 247 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103798 Wilson, Joshua C. et al. "Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species" vol. 247, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103798 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wilson, Joshua C. AU - Trathan, Philip N. AU - Venables, Hugh J. AU - Ainley, David G. AU - Auger, Matthis AU - Baylis, Alistair M.M. AU - Bost, Charles-André AU - Emmerson, Louise AU - Goetz, Kimberley T. AU - Hindell, Mark A. AU - Hinke, Jefferson T. AU - Horswill, Catharine AU - Houstin, Aymeric AU - Kato, Akiko AU - Kokubun, Nobuo AU - Kooyman, Gerald L. AU - Korczak-Abshire, Małgorzata AU - Labrousse, Sara AU - Le Bohec, Céline AU - Lowther, Andrew D. AU - Lyver, Phil O'B AU - Machado-Gaye, Ana Laura AU - Makhado, Azwianewi B AU - Olmastroni, Silvia AU - Pistorius, Pierre A. AU - Pütz, Klemens AU - Ratcliffe, Norman AU - Ropert-Coudert, Yan AU - Ryan, Peter G. AU - Sallée, Jean-Baptiste AU - Santos, Mercedes AU - Sherley, Richard B. AU - Soutullo, Alvaro AU - Takahashi, Akinori AU - Wienecke, Barbara AU - Zitterbart, Daniel P. AU - Reisinger, Ryan R. AB - Mesoscale eddies are rotating vortices of water that perturb the local physical, chemical, and biological environment. In the Southern Ocean, penguins inhabit regions characterised by intense eddy activity, which can offer foraging opportunities. To better understand relationships between penguins and eddies, we collated tracking data for five species (emperor, king, chinstrap, Adélie, and macaroni penguins), totalling 3189 individuals from 59 colonies. Data were subset by colony and breeding stage to create 74 case studies. We then fitted Hidden Markov Models to penguin tracks to identify Area-Restricted-Search (ARS) behaviour (a proxy for foraging) and used Generalised Additive Mixed Models to relate behaviour to the presence of eddies. In 28 case studies, penguins displayed a pronounced increase in ARS within specific parts of eddies. All five species exhibited an association between ARS and eddies in several case studies, though substantial regional differences in association strength were observed. In life history periods when penguins experienced central place constraints, ARS was more frequently associated with eddies. By studying five extensive case studies in greater detail, we found that eddies possibly influenced trip trajectories by aggregating prey at submesoscale filaments around their peripheries, by interacting with the distribution of sea ice, and potentially by transporting key prey species in their interiors. In these case studies, eddy maturity, amplitude, and intensity also differed between eddies collocated with ARS and the background eddy field. When eddy abundance varied, foraging trip durations also varied, though with opposing trends depending on the colony and breeding stage. Eddy activity is projected to increase in the Southern Ocean, which in isolation would have mixed impacts on penguins, though the negative impacts of broad-scale changes in prey availability and sea ice concentration are likely to outweigh any impacts of changing eddy fields. AN - noaa:74038 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2026.103798 J2 - Progress in Oceanography PB - Elsevier BV PY - 2026 T2 - Progress in Oceanography T2 - Progress in Oceanography, 247, 103798 TI - Mesoscale eddies in the Southern Ocean influence foraging trip behaviour of multiple penguin species VL - 247 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74038 ER -
Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards

Sippel, Jason A.

;

Ditchek, Sarah D.

2026 | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 107(7), E1599-E1612 | PDF

This study presents a first attempt to systematically evaluate the impact of tropical cyclone (TC) reconnaissance missions on postlandfall TC forecasts, including life-threatening hazards. Reconnaissance data demonstrably improve TC forecasts, which has encouraged a significant increase in reconnaissance flights over the past decade. Despite this i ...

07/31/2026

Title : Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards Personal Author(s) : Sippel, Jason A.;Ditchek, Sarah D.;Hazelton, Andrew;Brown, Daniel;Alaka, Ghassan J.;Lamers, Alex; Published Date : 2026 Source : Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 107(7), E1599-E1612 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0125.1 Journal Title : Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Sippel, Jason A. et al. (2026). Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards. 107(7). https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0125.1 Sippel, Jason A. et al. "Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards" 107, no. 7 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0125.1 Sippel, Jason A. et al. "Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards" vol. 107, no. 7, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0125.1 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Sippel, Jason A. AU - Ditchek, Sarah D. AU - Hazelton, Andrew AU - Brown, Daniel AU - Alaka, Ghassan J. AU - Lamers, Alex AB - This study presents a first attempt to systematically evaluate the impact of tropical cyclone (TC) reconnaissance missions on postlandfall TC forecasts, including life-threatening hazards. Reconnaissance data demonstrably improve TC forecasts, which has encouraged a significant increase in reconnaissance flights over the past decade. Despite this increase, aircraft observations are primarily used to minimize prelandfall forecast errors, with little to no operational consideration of postlandfall forecasts. Thus, this effort represents a natural next step in optimizing the effectiveness of TC reconnaissance missions. Observing-system experiments conducted using NOAA's Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model suggest that prelandfall reconnaissance benefits postlandfall forecasts. In particular, dropwindsondes released from missions into landfalling TCs substantially improve track forecasts through the postlandfall period. We specifically examine Hurricanes Harvey (2017) and Florence (2018), two TCs with long postlandfall tracks that were notable for catastrophic flooding. In both, dropwindsonde sampling substantially modifies the near-storm flow, leading subsequent to forecast improvements for both track and precipitation. Precipitation forecast skill improves the most in cycles with the largest track improvements. These results suggest that reconnaissance sampling can be further optimized to more holistically improve TC-hazard forecasts, both before and after landfall. This could be accomplished by using reconnaissance to the maximum extent through landfall, especially for cases with high-impact potential. In extreme cases like Harvey and Florence, aircraft might also be used postlandfall, perhaps with additional radiosonde observations. Further, new targeting strategies could also be implemented to target postlandfall impacts. Significance Statement In this study, we found that data collected from aircraft flying into a tropical cyclone (TC) before landfall help forecasts of the TC path and rainfall prior to as well as after landfall. That finding is important since postlandfall impacts, such as flooding, can be catastrophic. Our results suggest that we can further improve our forecasts and, thereby, our TC-hazard forecasts by extending and adjusting how and when we collect data, especially for high-impact TCs. AN - noaa:74036 DO - https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-25-0125.1 IS - 7 J2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society PB - American Meteorological Society PY - 2026 T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 107(7), E1599-E1612 TI - Using Tropical Cyclone Reconnaissance to Improve Forecasts of Postlandfall Tropical Cyclone Hazards VL - 107 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74036 ER -
The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida

Carter, David ;

Lovell, Sabrina

2026 | Fishery Bulletin (2026) | PDF

In this study, we examined how anglers in South Florida respond to changes in trip costs and regulations of fishing for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus). Using data from a survey of private boat anglers conducted in 2024, we estimated a model predicting changes in the frequency of fishing trips from cost variations and bag limit adjustments. We fo ...

07/31/2026

Title : The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida Personal Author(s) : Carter, David;Lovell, Sabrina;Records, David;Liese, Christopher; Published Date : 2026 Source : Fishery Bulletin (2026) DOI : https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.124.1-2.6 Journal Title : Fishery Bulletin Carter, David et al. (2026). The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida. https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.124.1-2.6 Carter, David et al. "The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida" (2026), https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.124.1-2.6 Carter, David et al. "The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida" , 2026, https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.124.1-2.6 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Carter, David AU - Lovell, Sabrina AU - Records, David AU - Liese, Christopher AB - In this study, we examined how anglers in South Florida respond to changes in trip costs and regulations of fishing for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus). Using data from a survey of private boat anglers conducted in 2024, we estimated a model predicting changes in the frequency of fishing trips from cost variations and bag limit adjustments. We found that the average economic value of a trip on which dolphinfish are targeted, or how much an angler is willing to pay for such a trip, is approximately $200, with anglers sensitive to both cost and regulatory changes. Trip demand is elastic-a 1% cost increase reduces the number of trips by about 1.15%. Bag limit responses vary by baseline: increasing the current 10-fish limit by 1 fish raises the number of trips by roughly 1%, and adding a fish when the limit is 4 fish increases the number of trips by around 3%. Marginal willingness to pay similarly depends on the starting point, ranging from $2 for the 11th fish to $10 for the 1st fish, demonstrating diminishing returns as limits increase. These results provide valuable information for predicting recreational fishing effort and economic effects under potential management scenarios, including seasonal closures and bag limit modifications. Therefore, this research supports fishery managers in balancing conservation objectives with socioeconomic considerations in the dolphinfish fishery in the southeastern United States. AN - noaa:74035 DO - https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.124.1-2.6 J2 - Fishery Bulletin PB - NMFS Scientific Publications Office PY - 2026 T2 - Fishery Bulletin T2 - Fishery Bulletin (2026) TI - The effects of changes in trip costs and regulations for dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) on recreational fishing demand in South Florida UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74035 ER -
Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units

Silva, Mariana P

;

Oliveira, Cláudia

2026 | Conservation Physiology, 14(1) | PDF

Assessing species' vulnerability to stressors (e.g. changes in prey availability, noise) can be done with bioenergetics models, often within frameworks such as the Population Consequences of Disturbance. However, to successfully quantify the cumulative effects of stressors on individuals it is crucial to understand the link between behavioural chan ...

07/31/2026

Title : Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units Personal Author(s) : Silva, Mariana P;Oliveira, Cláudia;Prieto, Rui;Allen, Austin S;Bowers, Matthew;Darias-O'Hara, Aimee-Kate;Fahlman, Andreas;Klementisová, Katarína;Matei, Madalina;Simmons, Samantha E;Silva, Mónica A;New, Leslie;Pérez-Jorge, Sergi; Published Date : 2026 Source : Conservation Physiology, 14(1) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coag024 Journal Title : Conservation Physiology Silva, Mariana P et al. (2026). Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units. 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coag024 Silva, Mariana P et al. "Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units" 14, no. 1 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coag024 Silva, Mariana P et al. "Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units" vol. 14, no. 1, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coag024 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Silva, Mariana P AU - Oliveira, Cláudia AU - Prieto, Rui AU - Allen, Austin S AU - Bowers, Matthew AU - Darias-O'Hara, Aimee-Kate AU - Fahlman, Andreas AU - Klementisová, Katarína AU - Matei, Madalina AU - Simmons, Samantha E AU - Silva, Mónica A AU - New, Leslie AU - Pérez-Jorge, Sergi AB - Assessing species' vulnerability to stressors (e.g. changes in prey availability, noise) can be done with bioenergetics models, often within frameworks such as the Population Consequences of Disturbance. However, to successfully quantify the cumulative effects of stressors on individuals it is crucial to understand the link between behavioural change and metabolic costs. Measurements of energy expenditure (e.g. field metabolic rates, FMR) are difficult to obtain for large cetaceans because traditional methods are impractical due to whales' size. Consequently, energy expenditure must be estimated indirectly, using proxies such as respiration rates and overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA). Here, we estimated daily FMR of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) from social units by combining in situ data with these two methods. The estimated mean daily FMR, including estimated basal metabolic rates (BMR), was 412 MJ/day (95% CI: 262.20-616) using the respiration-based method and 620.5 MJ/day (95% CI: 402-839.3) using ODBA. This study provides the first estimates of daily FMR for sperm whales and revealed that averaged-sized individuals from social units have FMRs between 1.59 and 2.39 times the predicted BMR of similar-sized terrestrial mammals, based on respiration rates and ODBA estimates, respectively. Our findings, combined with data on energy acquisition, can contribute to improving predictions of how environmental stressors impact energy balance, health and the long-term population viability of deep-diving marine mammals. AN - noaa:74033 DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coag024 IS - 1 J2 - Conservation Physiology PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) PY - 2026 T2 - Conservation Physiology T2 - Conservation Physiology, 14(1) TI - Estimating energy expenditure of sperm whales living in social units VL - 14 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74033 ER -
Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms

Zhang, M. S.

;

Turner, D. D.

2026 | Water Resources Research, 62(7) | PDF

Land‐atmospheric (L‐A) feedbacks have historically been studied using models whose structure and parameterizations influence outcomes and insights. The representation of L‐A feedbacks based on observations alone remains an ongoing challenge for understanding boundary layer development and precipitation. To address this gap, we use ground‐based pass ...

07/31/2026

Title : Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms Personal Author(s) : Zhang, M. S.;Turner, D. D.;Entekhabi, D.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Water Resources Research, 62(7) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR043166 Journal Title : Water Resources Research Zhang, M. S. et al. (2026). Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms. 62(7). https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR043166 Zhang, M. S. and Turner, D. D. and Entekhabi, D. "Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms" 62, no. 7 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR043166 Zhang, M. S. et al. "Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms" vol. 62, no. 7, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR043166 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Zhang, M. S. AU - Turner, D. D. AU - Entekhabi, D. AB - Land‐atmospheric (L‐A) feedbacks have historically been studied using models whose structure and parameterizations influence outcomes and insights. The representation of L‐A feedbacks based on observations alone remains an ongoing challenge for understanding boundary layer development and precipitation. To address this gap, we use ground‐based passive remote sensing and in‐situ observations to present an analysis of the atmosphere during 103 interstorm soil moisture drydown events spanning nine warm seasons (2016-2024) in the U.S. Southern Great Plains region. By separating events based on local L‐A coupling signals and characterizing the profiles of atmospheric heat and moisture to surface energy flux behavior, we investigate the physical mechanisms linking land surface processes to boundary layer development. We find that during interstorm drydowns, the atmospheric column follows a consistent pattern: moisture increases within the boundary layer, peaks near its top, and declines rapidly above, while warming occurs through the depth. Drydowns that shift toward evaporation produce stronger and deeper thermodynamic responses than cases dominated by sensible heating, which are weaker and shallower. Additionally, moisture is accumulated faster within the boundary layer during shorter drydowns, with longer drydowns representing slower, moisture‐limited growth. Drydowns with wetter initial soil moisture will sustain stronger moistening within and above the boundary layer, accelerating buoyancy growth and convective potential toward the next storm. These results provide observational evidence linking surface flux evolution to boundary layer thermodynamics and offer a process‐level benchmark for evaluating coupled L‐A representations in models and demonstrating the influence of soil moisture on short‐term weather forecasting skill. AN - noaa:74032 DO - https://doi.org/10.1029/2025WR043166 IS - 7 J2 - Water Resources Research PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU) PY - 2026 T2 - Water Resources Research T2 - Water Resources Research, 62(7) TI - Observed Land Surface Influence on Atmospheric Heat and Moisture Profiles During Interstorms VL - 62 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74032 ER -
Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR

Bodini, N.

;

Letizia, S.

2026 | Geophysical Research Letters, 53(13) | PDF

Low‐level jets (LLJs)-wind speed maxima typically occurring a few hundred meters above the surface-are common off the U.S. East Coast and influence many atmospheric processes with societal importance, including cloud formation, aviation safety, and search‐and‐rescue. However, their vertical structure and frequency remain poorly quantified due to li ...

07/31/2026

Title : Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR Personal Author(s) : Bodini, N.;Letizia, S.;Adler, B.;Turner, D. D.;Krishnamurthy, R.;Scholbrock, A.;Jager, D.;Cinquino, E.;Kirincich, A.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Geophysical Research Letters, 53(13) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119969 Journal Title : Geophysical Research Letters Bodini, N. et al. (2026). Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR. 53(13). https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119969 Bodini, N. et al. "Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR" 53, no. 13 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119969 Bodini, N. et al. "Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR" vol. 53, no. 13, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119969 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Bodini, N. AU - Letizia, S. AU - Adler, B. AU - Turner, D. D. AU - Krishnamurthy, R. AU - Scholbrock, A. AU - Jager, D. AU - Cinquino, E. AU - Kirincich, A. AB - Low‐level jets (LLJs)-wind speed maxima typically occurring a few hundred meters above the surface-are common off the U.S. East Coast and influence many atmospheric processes with societal importance, including cloud formation, aviation safety, and search‐and‐rescue. However, their vertical structure and frequency remain poorly quantified due to limited offshore observations. This study presents new scanning Doppler LiDAR and infrared spectroradiometer data from the 2024 summer deployment of an offshore barge during the Wind Forecast Improvement Project 3. These coupled wind and temperature profiles provide unprecedented resolution to assess LLJ behavior and model performance. LLJs occurred in over 21% of observed profiles, with a weak diurnal preference for nighttime and early morning hours and maximum winds typically near 300 m. Both ERA5 and High‐Resolution Rapid Refresh analysis underestimate jet wind speeds and misrepresent the boundary layer thermal structure. These results highlight persistent model biases and the critical need for high‐resolution offshore observations. AN - noaa:74031 DO - https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL119969 IS - 13 J2 - Geophysical Research Letters PB - American Geophysical Union (AGU) PY - 2026 T2 - Geophysical Research Letters T2 - Geophysical Research Letters, 53(13) TI - Observations of Offshore Low‐Level Jets Off the U.S. East Coast Reveal Systematic Biases in ERA5 and HRRR VL - 53 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74031 ER -
Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential

Stone, Kali R.

;

Essington, Timothy E.

2026 | Polar Biology, 49(3) | PDF

Polar cod ( Boreogadus saida) is a widespread, cold-adapted fish that plays a central role in Arctic food webs. Rising temperatures, declining sea ice, and associated changes in ecosystem dynamics may threaten this species. We investigated the influence of temperature on the pre-winter size of juvenile polar cod (an important predictor of overwinte ...

07/31/2026

Title : Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential Personal Author(s) : Stone, Kali R.;Essington, Timothy E.;Goldstein, Esther D.;Baker, Matthew R.;Levine, Robert M.;Helser, Thomas E.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Polar Biology, 49(3) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-026-03516-8 Journal Title : Polar Biology Stone, Kali R. et al. (2026). Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential. 49(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-026-03516-8 Stone, Kali R. et al. "Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential" 49, no. 3 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-026-03516-8 Stone, Kali R. et al. "Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential" vol. 49, no. 3, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-026-03516-8 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Stone, Kali R. AU - Essington, Timothy E. AU - Goldstein, Esther D. AU - Baker, Matthew R. AU - Levine, Robert M. AU - Helser, Thomas E. AB - Polar cod ( Boreogadus saida) is a widespread, cold-adapted fish that plays a central role in Arctic food webs. Rising temperatures, declining sea ice, and associated changes in ecosystem dynamics may threaten this species. We investigated the influence of temperature on the pre-winter size of juvenile polar cod (an important predictor of overwinter survival and recruitment), examining hatch timing and growth across warm and cold years in the Chukchi Sea. Otolith-based estimates of age and growth showed that juveniles collected in warm years were generally larger and older, but detected no significant differences in size-at-age or recent growth (7 days prior to capture). Recent growth was inversely related to mean water column temperature early in the sampling season, a trend that decoupled later in the year. Temperature at catch explained little of the observed variation in growth, suggesting that the expected positive influence of temperature on growth was likely mediated by covarying oceanographic and ecological shifts. Ultimately, multiple environmental factors influenced final pre-winter size, with variation driven more by hatch phenology and an extended growing season, than by accelerated somatic growth rates. AN - noaa:74030 DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-026-03516-8 IS - 3 J2 - Polar Biology PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC PY - 2026 T2 - Polar Biology T2 - Polar Biology, 49(3) TI - Hatch timing and growth of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in a warming Arctic: insights into overwinter survival potential VL - 49 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74030 ER -
The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center

Burke, Patrick C.

;

Hepper, Robert

2026 | Journal of Operational Meteorology, 14(14), 220 | PDF

The Warn-on-Forecast System (WoFS) is a rapidly updating storm-scale ensemble that employs rapid assimilation of radar and satellite data to enable near-term (0-6 h) probabilistic forecasts of individual thunderstorms. WoFS development was motivated by needs in severe weather watch and warning operations. A similar need to confidently predict indiv ...

07/31/2026

Title : The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center Personal Author(s) : Burke, Patrick C.;Hepper, Robert;Silcott, Miranda;Lind, John;Avey, Stephanie;Cross, Austin;Reeves, Heather;Scheck, Joshua;Knopfmeier, Kent;Heinselman, Pamela L.;Starzec, Nicole;Matilla, Brian; Published Date : 2026 Source : Journal of Operational Meteorology, 14(14), 220 DOI : https://doi.org/10.15191/nwajom.2026.1414 Journal Title : Journal of Operational Meteorology Burke, Patrick C. et al. (2026). The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center. 14(14). https://doi.org/10.15191/nwajom.2026.1414 Burke, Patrick C. et al. "The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center" 14, no. 14 (2026), https://doi.org/10.15191/nwajom.2026.1414 Burke, Patrick C. et al. "The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center" vol. 14, no. 14, 2026, https://doi.org/10.15191/nwajom.2026.1414 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Burke, Patrick C. AU - Hepper, Robert AU - Silcott, Miranda AU - Lind, John AU - Avey, Stephanie AU - Cross, Austin AU - Reeves, Heather AU - Scheck, Joshua AU - Knopfmeier, Kent AU - Heinselman, Pamela L. AU - Starzec, Nicole AU - Matilla, Brian AB - The Warn-on-Forecast System (WoFS) is a rapidly updating storm-scale ensemble that employs rapid assimilation of radar and satellite data to enable near-term (0-6 h) probabilistic forecasts of individual thunderstorms. WoFS development was motivated by needs in severe weather watch and warning operations. A similar need to confidently predict individual thunderstorms and their hazards extends to other applications. The National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) and National Weather Service (NWS) Aviation Weather Center (AWC) conducted a four-week demonstration during summer 2024 to explore the possible application of WoFS to aviation weather forecasting. Two regional WoFS domains were run in the vicinity of major airports in the contiguous United States on 19 days in June and July. NWS forecasters at AWC, Center Weather Service Units (CWSU), and Weather Forecast Offices (WFO) provided feedback through testbed activities, a real-time and asynchronous chat room, shift shadowing, and post-event surveys. The demonstration revealed common aviation-related forecast tasks regarding convective weather, and the WoFS products that were most frequently used to aid those tasks. These themes emerged through the various feedback mechanisms and included several illustrative real-world use cases. The demonstration also identified potential hindrances to operational use, such as the cadence of WoFS forecasts relative to existing workflows at AWC. Staffing challenges and workload at CWSUs also hindered the ability of their meteorologists to provide feedback, suggesting future data-gathering efforts involving CWSUs should be co-designed and deliberate. AN - noaa:74029 DO - https://doi.org/10.15191/nwajom.2026.1414 IS - 14 J2 - Journal of Operational Meteorology PB - National Weather Association PY - 2026 T2 - Journal of Operational Meteorology T2 - Journal of Operational Meteorology, 14(14), 220 TI - The Warn-on-Forecast System Demonstration at the Aviation Weather Center VL - 14 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74029 ER -
Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025

Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon

;

Puryear, Wendy B.

2026 | PLOS One, 21(7), e0351734 | PDF

Natural infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been documented in over 60 animal species, some distantly related. Several marine mammals have been predicted as highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection based on the homology of their ACE2 receptors to those of humans. To assess potential exposure of marine m ...

07/31/2026

Title : Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025 Personal Author(s) : Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon;Puryear, Wendy B.;Simulynas, Alexa F.;DiGiovanni, Robert;Goertz, Caroline E.;Hunter, Natalie;Huntington, Kathy Burek;Rouse, Natalie;Seton, Rosemary E.;Hunter, Nicole E.;Schulam, Kim;Pierre, Stephen J. St.;Doughty, Lynda;Pagel, Jay;Tuttle, Allison D.;Callan, Sarah;Piscitelli-Doshkov, Marina A.;Becker, Lisa;Fadely, Brian;Chinn, Sarah M.;Orr, Anthony J.;Ziel, Heather;London, Josh;Huggins, Jessica L.;Fauquier, Deborah;Wilkin, Sarah;Smith, Ainsley;Madden, Margot;Montello, Maxine A.;Deming, Alissa C.;Rivard, Michelle R.;Stokes, Ashley;McDowell, Lauren;Daniel, Joanna;Lambourn, Dyanna;Thurman, Suzanne;Barbieri, Michelle;Cedillo, Claudia;Runstadler, Jonathan A.; Published Date : 2026 Source : PLOS One, 21(7), e0351734 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351734 Journal Title : PLOS One Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon et al. (2026). Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025. 21(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351734 Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon et al. "Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025" 21, no. 7 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351734 Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon et al. "Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025" vol. 21, no. 7, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351734 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Sanogo, Idrissa Nonmon AU - Puryear, Wendy B. AU - Simulynas, Alexa F. AU - DiGiovanni, Robert AU - Goertz, Caroline E. AU - Hunter, Natalie AU - Huntington, Kathy Burek AU - Rouse, Natalie AU - Seton, Rosemary E. AU - Hunter, Nicole E. AU - Schulam, Kim AU - Pierre, Stephen J. St. AU - Doughty, Lynda AU - Pagel, Jay AU - Tuttle, Allison D. AU - Callan, Sarah AU - Piscitelli-Doshkov, Marina A. AU - Becker, Lisa AU - Fadely, Brian AU - Chinn, Sarah M. AU - Orr, Anthony J. AU - Ziel, Heather AU - London, Josh AU - Huggins, Jessica L. AU - Fauquier, Deborah AU - Wilkin, Sarah AU - Smith, Ainsley AU - Madden, Margot AU - Montello, Maxine A. AU - Deming, Alissa C. AU - Rivard, Michelle R. AU - Stokes, Ashley AU - McDowell, Lauren AU - Daniel, Joanna AU - Lambourn, Dyanna AU - Thurman, Suzanne AU - Barbieri, Michelle AU - Cedillo, Claudia AU - Runstadler, Jonathan A. AB - Natural infections of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been documented in over 60 animal species, some distantly related. Several marine mammals have been predicted as highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection based on the homology of their ACE2 receptors to those of humans. To assess potential exposure of marine mammals to SARS-CoV-2, we conducted an opportunistic survey from 2020 to 2025 and tested 1,808 swabs and 378 serum samples from 21 marine mammal species in the United States. All the swabs tested by RT-qPCR were negative, indicating the absence of active infection. A low level of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was detected in three pinniped species, including Phoca vitulina (harbor seal, 13.6%, 95% CI: 5.2-27.4%), Zalophus californianus (California sea lion, 7%, 95% CI: 1.9-17.0%), and Halichoerus grypus (grey seal, 3.7%, 95% CI: 0.5-12.7%). These findings represent the first serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States, highlighting the need for continued monitoring of these populations and further research on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in wildlife. AN - noaa:74028 DO - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351734 IS - 7 J2 - PLOS One PB - Public Library of Science (PLoS) PY - 2026 T2 - PLOS One T2 - PLOS One, 21(7), e0351734 TI - Serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in marine mammals in the United States between 2020 and 2025 VL - 21 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74028 ER -
Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks

Kerr, Lisa A.

;

Behan, Jamie T.

2026 | Fish and Fisheries (2026) | PDF

Climate change poses an unprecedented risk to fisheries ecosystems and economies globally. Ocean warming has led to observed geographic shifts and changes in the productivity of fish stocks. Due to the rapid pace of change in many of the world's oceans, there is a critical need to develop and apply scientific knowledge and tools that can help accou ...

07/31/2026

Title : Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks Personal Author(s) : Kerr, Lisa A.;Behan, Jamie T.;Cadrin, Steven X.;Hansell, Alexander C.;Hart, Amanda R.;Kittel, Jessica A.;Large, Scott I.;Miller, Timothy J.;Tyrell, Abigail S.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Fish and Fisheries (2026) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70102 Journal Title : Fish and Fisheries Kerr, Lisa A. et al. (2026). Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70102 Kerr, Lisa A. et al. "Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks" (2026), https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70102 Kerr, Lisa A. et al. "Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks" , 2026, https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70102 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Kerr, Lisa A. AU - Behan, Jamie T. AU - Cadrin, Steven X. AU - Hansell, Alexander C. AU - Hart, Amanda R. AU - Kittel, Jessica A. AU - Large, Scott I. AU - Miller, Timothy J. AU - Tyrell, Abigail S. AB - Climate change poses an unprecedented risk to fisheries ecosystems and economies globally. Ocean warming has led to observed geographic shifts and changes in the productivity of fish stocks. Due to the rapid pace of change in many of the world's oceans, there is a critical need to develop and apply scientific knowledge and tools that can help account for non‐stationarity and integrate climate and ecosystem drivers into fishery stock assessment to improve management outcomes. We developed a structured approach to identify and integrate the impact of climate and ecosystem change on fish stock dynamics in the context of stock assessment processes. We describe lessons learned in the application of this approach to groundfish stock assessment processes in the Northeast U.S. (American plaice, Atlantic cod and yellowtail flounder). The approach involves three general steps: (1) synthesizing the state of knowledge on stock‐climate relationships, (2) accounting for climate impacts on key data inputs and biological parameters that inform assessments, and (3) developing and evaluating the performance of climate informed stock assessment models. This approach represents an advance in climate attribution within stock assessment and is expected to enhance assessment performance and projection realism, supporting fisheries decision‐making for future resource sustainability. AN - noaa:74027 DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.70102 J2 - Fish and Fisheries PB - Wiley PY - 2026 T2 - Fish and Fisheries T2 - Fish and Fisheries (2026) TI - Climate Attribution in Fishery Stock Assessment: Case Studies From the Northeast U.S. Groundfish Stocks UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74027 ER -
Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA

Liu, Owen R.

;

Shelton, Andrew O.

2026 | Communications Biology, 9(1) | PDF

Rare species are difficult to observe in the wild, particularly in the ocean where large spatial scales and accessibility hinder effective sampling. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a non-destructive, scalable sampling method with the potential to inform the distribution of rare species in marine ecosystems. We sample eDNA within the California Current ...

07/31/2026

Title : Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA Personal Author(s) : Liu, Owen R.;Shelton, Andrew O.;Ramón-Laca, Ana;Nichols, Krista M.;Ward, Eric J.;Phillips, Elizabeth M.;Zamon, Jeannette E.;Wells, Abigail;Kelly, Ryan P.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Communications Biology, 9(1) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09733-5 Journal Title : Communications Biology Liu, Owen R. et al. (2026). Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA. 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09733-5 Liu, Owen R. et al. "Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA" 9, no. 1 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09733-5 Liu, Owen R. et al. "Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA" vol. 9, no. 1, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09733-5 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Liu, Owen R. AU - Shelton, Andrew O. AU - Ramón-Laca, Ana AU - Nichols, Krista M. AU - Ward, Eric J. AU - Phillips, Elizabeth M. AU - Zamon, Jeannette E. AU - Wells, Abigail AU - Kelly, Ryan P. AB - Rare species are difficult to observe in the wild, particularly in the ocean where large spatial scales and accessibility hinder effective sampling. Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a non-destructive, scalable sampling method with the potential to inform the distribution of rare species in marine ecosystems. We sample eDNA within the California Current ecosystem to estimate the distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus), a threatened anadromous smelt ranging along the coastal Northeast Pacific. We amplify eulachon DNA from thousands of water samples collected at night across two years and more than 200,000 square kilometers along the U.S. west coast. We then use spatiotemporal models to derive quantitative estimates of eulachon DNA across space, depth, and time relative to environmental covariates. We find that eulachon DNA has a distribution weighted towards the ocean surface, spatially associated with major river mouths and productive offshore banks. Temperature and prey density are key covariates, with eulachon more likely to be found in warmer waters with higher prey concentrations. We discuss how our results can augment the information currently used in eulachon recovery planning, and describe the wide applicability of our statistical models for estimating distribution and abundance for other species of conservation concern. AN - noaa:74026 DO - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-09733-5 IS - 1 J2 - Communications Biology PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC PY - 2026 T2 - Communications Biology T2 - Communications Biology, 9(1) TI - Mapping the marine distribution of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) in the Northeast Pacific using environmental DNA VL - 9 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74026 ER -
A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA

Ianniello, Caroline F

;

Large, Scott I

2026 | ICES Journal of Marine Science, 83(7) | PDF

Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) are migratory forage fish that act as key trophic linkages in the Atlantic shelf-connecting the energy from plankton to higher-level consumers. As a highly mobile fish, menhaden must balance the energetic costs of evading predation, foraging, and maintaining homeostasis when choosing suitable habitat. Prior k ...

07/31/2026

Title : A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA Personal Author(s) : Ianniello, Caroline F;Large, Scott I;Grace, James B;Hyde, Kimberly J W;McManus, M Conor;Smith, Laurel A;Deyle, Ethan R; Published Date : 2026 Source : ICES Journal of Marine Science, 83(7) DOI : https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag117 Journal Title : ICES Journal of Marine Science Ianniello, Caroline F et al. (2026). A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA. 83(7). https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag117 Ianniello, Caroline F et al. "A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA" 83, no. 7 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag117 Ianniello, Caroline F et al. "A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA" vol. 83, no. 7, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag117 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Ianniello, Caroline F AU - Large, Scott I AU - Grace, James B AU - Hyde, Kimberly J W AU - McManus, M Conor AU - Smith, Laurel A AU - Deyle, Ethan R AB - Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) are migratory forage fish that act as key trophic linkages in the Atlantic shelf-connecting the energy from plankton to higher-level consumers. As a highly mobile fish, menhaden must balance the energetic costs of evading predation, foraging, and maintaining homeostasis when choosing suitable habitat. Prior knowledge indicates that poor water quality conditions, including hypoxia, force fish to adjust their movement behaviour in real time. Menhaden frequent the Narragansett Bay (NB), Rhode Island (USA) estuary, which has an established history of eutrophication, hypoxic events, and fish kills. In this work, we present a novel multi-evidence causal investigation that synthesizes and combines mechanistic expectations from the literature with formal statistics to build causal knowledge about the effect of water quality on menhaden movement ecology. Specifically, we leverage two statistical modelling frameworks: generalized additive models (GAM) and dynamic structural equation models (DSEM)-whose design was guided by our causal knowledge analysis-to evaluate in situ water quality influences on menhaden habitat use (presence) and abundance in discrete regions of NB from 2008 to 2021. GAMs allowed us to evaluate region-specific associations between water quality [chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, pH] and menhaden habitat use/abundance by allowing for nonlinearity in the responses. By contrast, the DSEM framework assumes responses are linear but explicitly addresses time-series structure to capture temporal dependences. We found a positive effect of bottom DO and surface chlorophyll a on menhaden habitat use (presence), with evidence of reduced habitat use at DO levels above the 2.9 mg/L established hypoxia level, suggesting sub-hypoxic conditions may still result in habitat squeeze. Predictive power was limited for abundance models, suggesting that menhaden movement ecology is an inherently variable phenomenon influenced by complex population dynamics and distal oceanographic drivers. More broadly, this work establishes a multi-evidence causal framework that can be applied to further mechanistic understanding of the relationship between water quality and forage fish behaviour in estuarine ecosystems. AN - noaa:74025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsag117 IS - 7 J2 - ICES Journal of Marine Science PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) PY - 2026 T2 - ICES Journal of Marine Science T2 - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 83(7) TI - A multi-evidence causal investigation of water quality influences on Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus) habitat use and abundance in Narragansett Bay, USA VL - 83 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74025 ER -
A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs

Trudeau, Gabrielle A. ;

Lowell, Kim

2026 | Ecological Informatics, 96, 103829 | PDF

Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented change due to climate-driven disturbances, yet effective monitoring remains constrained by limited integration across data types and spatial scales. This study presents a multi-source framework for detecting structural and compositional changes in coral reefs by integrating ICESat-2-derived terrain metrics ...

07/31/2026

Title : A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs Personal Author(s) : Trudeau, Gabrielle A.;Lowell, Kim;Dijkstra, Jennifer A.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Ecological Informatics, 96, 103829 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103829 Journal Title : Ecological Informatics Trudeau, Gabrielle A. et al. (2026). A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs. 96https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103829 Trudeau, Gabrielle A. and Lowell, Kim and Dijkstra, Jennifer A. "A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs" 96 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103829 Trudeau, Gabrielle A. et al. "A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs" vol. 96, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103829 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Trudeau, Gabrielle A. AU - Lowell, Kim AU - Dijkstra, Jennifer A. AB - Coral reefs are experiencing unprecedented change due to climate-driven disturbances, yet effective monitoring remains constrained by limited integration across data types and spatial scales. This study presents a multi-source framework for detecting structural and compositional changes in coral reefs by integrating ICESat-2-derived terrain metrics, high-resolution PlanetScope imagery, and field-based photoquadrat observations. We applied this workflow to Heron Reef in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, to quantify changes between 2020 and 2025-a period marked by 3 mass bleaching events and 9 cyclones. ICESat-2 data provided rugosity, slope, and bathymetric depth, while spectral unmixing of PlanetScope imagery yielded subpixel estimates of benthic composition. AN - noaa:74024 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103829 J2 - Ecological Informatics PB - Elsevier BV PY - 2026 T2 - Ecological Informatics T2 - Ecological Informatics, 96, 103829 TI - A multi-source, remote sensing-driven framework for detecting structural and compositional change in coral reefs VL - 96 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74024 ER -
An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses

Rzhanov, Yuri

;

Lowell, Kim

2025 | Remote Sensing, 18(1), 25 | PDF

The ICESat-2 satellite collects LiDAR data along linear orbital tracks using a photon-counting green wavelength (532.27 nm) instrument. The utility of combining ICESat-2 data with satellite imagery for training and subsequently applying satellite-derived bathymetry models to provide estimates of shallow water depth is well-established. However, aut ...

07/31/2026

Title : An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses Personal Author(s) : Rzhanov, Yuri;Lowell, Kim; Published Date : 2025 Source : Remote Sensing, 18(1), 25 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010025 Journal Title : Remote Sensing Rzhanov, Yuri and Lowell, Kim (2025). An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses. 18(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010025 Rzhanov, Yuri and Lowell, Kim "An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses" 18, no. 1 (2025), https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010025 Rzhanov, Yuri and Lowell, Kim "An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses" vol. 18, no. 1, 2025, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010025 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Rzhanov, Yuri AU - Lowell, Kim AB - The ICESat-2 satellite collects LiDAR data along linear orbital tracks using a photon-counting green wavelength (532.27 nm) instrument. The utility of combining ICESat-2 data with satellite imagery for training and subsequently applying satellite-derived bathymetry models to provide estimates of shallow water depth is well-established. However, automating and improving the accuracy of the identification of ICESat-2 photon events (PEs) representing bathymetry remains a challenge. This article presents an algorithm for automated extraction of PEs reflected from the ocean floor (rather than the ocean surface or noise in the water column). The algorithm is unique in examining both the density of PEs surrounding a subject PE and their position relative to the subject PE. This is accomplished by establishing three concentric ellipses around the subject PE, dividing them into radial "sectors" in 2D space (along-track vs. PE depth/height), recording the number of neighboring PEs in each sector and using this information to fit a LightGBM model. Agreement with PEs identified by an image interpreter is approximately 98%. Testing suggests that the accuracy of the algorithm is relatively insensitive to the size and shape of the ellipses used to define a PE's neighborhood and to the number of radial sectors used. The model produced also appears to be robust across different geographic areas and data densities. AN - noaa:74023 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18010025 IS - 1 J2 - Remote Sensing PB - MDPI AG PY - 2025 T2 - Remote Sensing T2 - Remote Sensing, 18(1), 25 TI - An Algorithm for Extracting Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Data That Employs Structure and Density Using Concentric Ellipses VL - 18 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74023 ER -
Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021

James, Kelsey C.

;

Walker, Jonathan M.

2026 | Fishes, 11(5), 290 | PDF

Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) are an economically important forage fish in the Northeast Pacific Ocean that undergo large changes in abundance over decadal scales and exhibit high individual variation in somatic growth. Past studies have suggested that somatic growth in Pacific sardine may be density-dependent and vary regionally in response to ...

07/31/2026

Title : Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021 Personal Author(s) : James, Kelsey C.;Walker, Jonathan M.;Schwartzkopf, Brittany D.;Dorval, Emmanis;Erisman, Brad E.; Published Date : 2026 Source : Fishes, 11(5), 290 DOI : https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050290 Journal Title : Fishes James, Kelsey C. et al. (2026). Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021. 11(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050290 James, Kelsey C. et al. "Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021" 11, no. 5 (2026), https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050290 James, Kelsey C. et al. "Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021" vol. 11, no. 5, 2026, https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050290 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - James, Kelsey C. AU - Walker, Jonathan M. AU - Schwartzkopf, Brittany D. AU - Dorval, Emmanis AU - Erisman, Brad E. AB - Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) are an economically important forage fish in the Northeast Pacific Ocean that undergo large changes in abundance over decadal scales and exhibit high individual variation in somatic growth. Past studies have suggested that somatic growth in Pacific sardine may be density-dependent and vary regionally in response to environmental conditions. We analyzed somatic growth in Pacific sardine off the U.S. Pacific Coast during the recent period of low abundance (2012-2021) and compared the results to those of previous studies to evaluate evidence of spatial or temporal variation in growth. Sampled fish (n = 3228) ranged in length from 30 to 291 mm SL and in age from 0 to 9 years and displayed high individual variation in length-at-age and age-at-length. Length-at-age data were best explained by the von Bertalanffy growth model, and sample distribution simulations showed the dataset to be robust and unbiased. Estimated growth parameters (L∞ = 243, K = 0.795, t0 = −0.638) were consistent with an opportunistic life history strategy characterized by rapid growth, early maturation, and a short lifespan. While the estimated growth rate (K) was higher than in a previous study conducted during a period of high abundance and indicated that growth may be density-dependent, the parameter estimates from the previous study were influenced by sample distribution bias. Similarly, differences in study region, season, collection method, aging methods, and other factors precluded any definitive conclusions on the source of reported differences in growth patterns among studies. AN - noaa:74022 DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050290 IS - 5 J2 - Fishes PB - MDPI AG PY - 2026 T2 - Fishes T2 - Fishes, 11(5), 290 TI - Age and Growth of Pacific Sardine (Sardinops sagax) off the U.S. Pacific Coast, 2012-2021 VL - 11 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74022 ER -
Mobile Vision for Citizen Science

Cai, Yang ;

Pokrzywinski, Kaytee

2025 | AHFE International, 193 | PDF

Rapidly growing mobile phone sensing and computing capacities create wonderful opportunities for environment monitoring and data analysis. Mobile vision combines digital cameras and machine vision algorithms on phone platforms for particular visual data analysis. We explore the phone "microscopy" with real-time machine vision computing and dynamic ...

07/31/2026

Title : Mobile Vision for Citizen Science Personal Author(s) : Cai, Yang;Pokrzywinski, Kaytee;Stumpf, Richard;Cao, Shuheng;Do, Kevin; Published Date : 2025 Source : AHFE International, 193 DOI : https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006655 Journal Title : AHFE International Cai, Yang et al. (2025). Mobile Vision for Citizen Science. 193https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006655 Cai, Yang et al. "Mobile Vision for Citizen Science" 193 (2025), https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006655 Cai, Yang et al. "Mobile Vision for Citizen Science" vol. 193, 2025, https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006655 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Cai, Yang AU - Pokrzywinski, Kaytee AU - Stumpf, Richard AU - Cao, Shuheng AU - Do, Kevin AB - Rapidly growing mobile phone sensing and computing capacities create wonderful opportunities for environment monitoring and data analysis. Mobile vision combines digital cameras and machine vision algorithms on phone platforms for particular visual data analysis. We explore the phone "microscopy" with real-time machine vision computing and dynamic visual updating functions. We developed a semantic description of the shape and dynamics of the toxic algae Karenia Brevis, collected by phone that both humans and machines can understand. We also explore the system architecture of the mobile vision modules with the performance measurements. AN - noaa:74021 DO - https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006655 J2 - AHFE International PB - AHFE International PY - 2025 T2 - AHFE International T2 - AHFE International, 193 TI - Mobile Vision for Citizen Science VL - 193 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74021 ER -
Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific

Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D.

;

Murray, Cathryn

2026 | FACETS, 11, 1-24 | PDF

Pacific salmon populations have experienced widespread declines despite substantial single-species management, highlighting the need for ecosystem-based approaches that consider life-cycle dynamics, predator-prey interactions, and environmental variability. Management models are typically split between freshwater and marine realms, limiting compreh ...

07/31/2026

Title : Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific Personal Author(s) : Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D.;Murray, Cathryn;Surma, Szymon;Barnes, Cheryl L.;Conn, Jaid;Holsman, Kirstin;Martin, Tara;Morzaria-Luna, Hem Nalini;Reum, Jonathan C.P.;Berry, Kathryn; Published Date : 2026 Source : FACETS, 11, 1-24 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2025-0261 Journal Title : FACETS Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D. et al. (2026). Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific. 11https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2025-0261 Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D. et al. "Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific" 11 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2025-0261 Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D. et al. "Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific" vol. 11, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2025-0261 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Tulloch, Vivitskaia J.D. AU - Murray, Cathryn AU - Surma, Szymon AU - Barnes, Cheryl L. AU - Conn, Jaid AU - Holsman, Kirstin AU - Martin, Tara AU - Morzaria-Luna, Hem Nalini AU - Reum, Jonathan C.P. AU - Berry, Kathryn AB - Pacific salmon populations have experienced widespread declines despite substantial single-species management, highlighting the need for ecosystem-based approaches that consider life-cycle dynamics, predator-prey interactions, and environmental variability. Management models are typically split between freshwater and marine realms, limiting comprehensive assessment across the full salmon life cycle. This systematic review synthesizes 34 peer-reviewed marine multispecies ecosystem models (MEMs) developed from 2000 to 2024 that include Pacific salmon, their main predators, and prey. Models ranged from aggregated frameworks to complex end-to-end platforms, covering the California Current, British Columbia, Salish Sea, Bering Sea, and Gulf of Alaska, with 11-170 functional groups. Salmon representation varied from aggregated groups to detailed life-stage frameworks, with all models including key trophic linkages with forage species and marine mammal predators. Climate change was included in 65% of studies, mostly via primary productivity anomalies, but only six simulated future scenarios. Fishing pressure was evaluated in 85% of studies, yet only 32% addressed explicit management applications, revealing a critical science-management gap. Major gaps include limited spatial-temporal resolution, insufficient climate integration, and limited operational uptake. We recommend linking marine and freshwater models, co-development with managers and rightsholders, enhanced climate coupling, and ensemble modeling to advance ecosystem-based fisheries management and address urgent salmon conservation challenges. AN - noaa:74020 DO - https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2025-0261 J2 - FACETS PB - Canadian Science Publishing PY - 2026 T2 - FACETS T2 - FACETS, 11, 1-24 TI - Applications of marine ecosystem models for Pacific salmon conservation and management in the Northeast Pacific VL - 11 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74020 ER -
Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes

Wallace, Daniel E.

;

Bourassa, Mark A.

2026 | Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 43(7), 825-842 | PDF

Data collected from individual dropsondes within tropical cyclones are analyzed to better understand the near-surface profiles of wind speed, potential temperature, and humidity. The resulting fitting parameters are used to estimate surface fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat within tropical cyclones. Vertical offsets of the profiles ...

07/31/2026

Title : Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes Personal Author(s) : Wallace, Daniel E.;Bourassa, Mark A.;Holbach, Heather M.;Bryan, Amelia;Yang, Sinil;Kim, Baek-Min; Published Date : 2026 Source : Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 43(7), 825-842 DOI : https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-24-0002.1 Journal Title : Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology Wallace, Daniel E. et al. (2026). Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes. 43(7). https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-24-0002.1 Wallace, Daniel E. et al. "Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes" 43, no. 7 (2026), https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-24-0002.1 Wallace, Daniel E. et al. "Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes" vol. 43, no. 7, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-24-0002.1 Export RIS Citation Information. TY - AU - Wallace, Daniel E. AU - Bourassa, Mark A. AU - Holbach, Heather M. AU - Bryan, Amelia AU - Yang, Sinil AU - Kim, Baek-Min AB - Data collected from individual dropsondes within tropical cyclones are analyzed to better understand the near-surface profiles of wind speed, potential temperature, and humidity. The resulting fitting parameters are used to estimate surface fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat within tropical cyclones. Vertical offsets of the profiles are calculated and described. Our methodology accounts for these offsets through a displacement height for each profile. Of 915 dropsonde profiles visually examined, 42.3% appeared to have log-like near-surface profiles. Good matches to theoretical profiles were found with only 95 (10.4%) profiles (25% of profiles that had data in the layer of interest). The boundary layer variables that we determine from an individual dropsonde are noisy because dropsondes do not capture a good sample of the mean boundary layer. Despite the weaknesses, means and medians constructed from the collection of processed dropsondes can be used to estimate values of boundary layer variables within tropical cyclones. Our analysis produces wind speed-dependent median boundary layer values within a range of uncertainty determined from the observations. Examples of the profiles, displacement heights, fluxes, drag coefficients, and the abovementioned problems are presented. AN - noaa:74019 DO - https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-24-0002.1 IS - 7 J2 - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology PB - American Meteorological Society PY - 2026 T2 - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology T2 - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 43(7), 825-842 TI - Log-Profile Analysis of the Near-Surface Layer and Air-Sea Turbulent Fluxes in Hurricanes Using Dropsondes VL - 43 UR - https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/74019 ER -

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