i
Superseded
This Document Has Been Replaced By:
i
Retired
This Document Has Been Retired
i
Up-to-date Information
This is the latest update:
Assessing uncertainties in sea ice extent climate indicators
-
Published Date:
2019
-
Source:Enviro.Res.Letts. (2019) 14(3): 035005
-
Details:
-
Personal Author:
-
Description:The uncertainties in sea ice extent (total area covered by sea ice with concentration >15%) derived from passive microwave sensors are assessed in two ways. Absolute uncertainty (accuracy) is evaluated based on the comparison of the extent between several products. There are clear biases between the extent from the different products that are of the order of 500 000 to 1 × 106 km2 depending on the season and hemisphere. These biases are due to differences in the algorithm sensitivity to ice edge conditions and the spatial resolution of different sensors. Relative uncertainty is assessed by examining extents from the National Snow and Ice Data Center Sea Ice Index product. The largest source of uncertainty, ~100 000 km2, is between near-real-time and final products due to different input source data and different processing and quality control. For consistent processing, the uncertainty is assessed using different input source data and by varying concentration algorithm parameters. This yields a relative uncertainty of 30 000–70 000 km2. The Arctic minimum extent uncertainty is ~40 000 km2. Uncertainties in comparing with earlier parts of the record may be higher due to sensor transitions. For the first time, this study provides a quantitative estimate of sea ice extent uncertainty.
-
Document Type:
-
Collection(s):
-
Main Document Checksum:urn:sha256:77ee88ad054034d6fa275d3c6cbf7ff1bb05ace8c01225120a69ab8c8cbe9202
- File Type:
-
Supporting Files:No Additional Files
Related Documents:
-
-
Personal Author:Thompson, Elizabeth J.; Moum, James N.; Fairall, Christopher W.; Rutledge, Steven A.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans,; 124, 897–924;Description:Stratification of the upper few meters of the ocean limits the penetration depth of wind mixing and the vertical distribution of atmospheric fluxes. Significant density stratification at depths ≤ 5 m was observed in 38% of a 2‐month data set from...
Personal Author:Murray, K.D.; Murray, M.H.; Sheehan, A.F.;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(2): 2166-2183Description:We used data from 333 continuous Global Positioning System stations, including 26 stations installed in 2006–2007 as part of a collaborative EarthScope experiment, to investigate how deformation is distributed near the Rio Grande Rift. Our previous...
Personal Author:Tymofyeyeva, Ekaterina; Fialko, Yuri; Jiang, Junle; Xu, Xiaohua; Sandwell, David; Bilham, Roger; Rockwell, Thomas K.; Blanton, Chelsea; Burkett, Faith; Gontz, Allen; Moafipoor, Shahram;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(9): 9956-9975Description:Observations of shallow fault creep reveal increasingly complex time‐dependent slip histories that include quasi‐steady creep and triggered as well as spontaneous accelerated slip events. Here we report a recent slow slip event on the southern Sa...
Personal Author:Ryu, Y. H.; Hodzic, A.; Descombes, G.; Hu, M.; Barre, J.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124, 13576-13592Description:Accuracy of cloud predictions in numerical weather models can considerably impact ozone (O-3) forecast skill. This study assesses the benefits in surface O-3 predictions of using the Rapid Refresh (RAP) forecasting system that assimilates clouds as w...
Personal Author:Thompson, Anne M.; Smit, Herman G. J.; Witte, Jacquelyn C.; Stauffer, Ryan M.; Johnson, Bryan J.; Morris, Gary; von der Gathen, Peter; Van Malderen, Roeland; Davies, Jonathan; Allaart, Ankie Piters Marc; Posny, Françoise; Kivi, Rigel; Cullis, Patrick; Nguyen, Thi Hoang Anh; Corrales, Ernesto; Machinini, Tshidi; da Silva, Francisco R.; Paiman, George; Thiong’o, Kennedy; Zainal, Zamuna; Brothers, George B.; Wolff, Katherine R.; Nakano, Tatsumi; Stübi, Rene; Romanens, Gonzague; Coetzee, Gert J. R.; Diaz, Jorge A.; Mitro, Sukarni; Mohamad, Maznorizan; Ogino, Shin-Ya;Published Date:2019Source:Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. (2019) 100 (1): 155–171.Description:The ozonesonde is a small balloon-borne instrument that is attached to a standard radiosonde to measure profiles of ozone from the surface to 35 km with ∼100-m vertical resolution. Ozonesonde data constitute a mainstay of satellite calibration and ...
Personal Author:White, Allen B.; Moore, Benjamin J.; Gottas, Daniel J.; Neiman, Paul J.;Published Date:2019Source:Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. (2019) 100 (1): 55–70.Description:During winter 2016/17, California experienced numerous heavy precipitation events linked to land-falling atmospheric rivers (ARs) that filled reservoirs and ended a severe, multiyear drought. These events also caused floods, mudslides, and debris flo...
Personal Author:Yu, P. F.; Froyd, K. D.; Portmann, R. W.; Toon, O. B.; Freitas, S. R.; Bardeen, C. G.; Brock, C.; Fan, T. Y.; Gao, R. S.; Katich, J. M.; Kupc, A.; Liu, S.; Maloney, C.; Murphy, D. M.; Rosenlof, K. H.; Schill, G.; Schwarz, J. P.; Williamson, C.;Published Date:2019Source:Geophysical Research Letters, 46, 1061-1069.Description:Convective systems dominate the vertical transport of aerosols and trace gases. The most recent in situ aerosol measurements presented here show that the concentrations of primary aerosols including sea salt and black carbon drop by factors of 10 to ...
Personal Author:Mielke-Maday, Ingrid; Schwietzke, Stefan; Yacovitch, Tara; Miller, Benjamin; Conley, Steve; Kofler, Jonathan; Handley, Philip; Thorley, Eryka; Herndon, Scott C.; Hall, Bradley; Dlugokencky, Ed; Lang, Patricia; Wolter, Sonja; Moglia, Eric; Crotwell, Molly; Crotwell, Andrew; Rhodes, Michael; Kitzis, Duane; Vaughn, Timothy; Bell, Clay; Zimmerle, Dan; Schnell, Russ; Pétron, Gabrielle;Published Date:2019Source:Elem Sci Anth, 7(1), p.13.Description:An intensive coordinated airborne and ground-based measurement study was conducted in the Fayetteville Shale in northwestern Arkansas during September and October 2015 to compare and explain potential discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up esti...
Personal Author:Yang, H.; Waugh, D. W.; Orbe, C.; Patra, P. K.; Jockel, P.; Lamarque, J. F.; Tilmes, S.; Kinnison, D.; Elkins, J. W.; Dlugokencky, E. J.;Published Date:2019Source:Geophysical Research Letters, 46, 1113-1120.Description:Two recent studies using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) observations to evaluate interhemispheric transport in two different ensembles of atmospheric chemistry models reached different conclusions on model performance. We show here that the different conc...
Personal Author:Reitman, Nadine G.; Mueller, Karl J.; Tucker, Gregory E.; Gold, Ryan D.; Briggs, Richard W.; Barnhart, Katherine R.;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(12): 13427-13451Description:Slip distribution, slip rate, and slip per event for strike‐slip faults are commonly determined by correlating offset stream channels—under the assumption that they record seismic slip—but offset channels are formed by the interplay of tectonic...
Personal Author:Stillwell, Robert A.; Neely III, Ryan R.; Thayer, Jeffrey P.; Walden, Von P.; Shupe, Matthew D.; Miller, Nathaniel B.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124, 12141-12156Description:Ice crystals commonly adopt a horizontal orientation under certain aerodynamic and electrodynamic conditions that occur in the atmosphere. While the radiative impact of horizontally oriented ice crystals (HOIC) has been theoretically studied with res...
Personal Author:Voytan, Dimitri P.; Lay, Thorne; Chaves, Esteban J.; Ohman, John T.;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(5): 4916-4939Description:The yields of the six declared underground nuclear tests at the North Korean test site are estimated using high‐frequency teleseismic P wave amplitude modeling and waveform equalization of short‐period teleseismic P waves and regional Pn signals....
Personal Author:Thomas, J.L.; Stutz, J.; Frey, M.M.; Bartels-Rausch, T.; Altieri, K.; Baladima, F.; Browse, J.; Dall’Osto, M.; Marelle, L.; Mouginot, J.; Murphy, J.G.; Nomura, D.; Pratt, K.A.; Willis, M.D.; Zieger, P.; Abbatt, J.; Douglas, T.A.; Facchini, M.C.; France, J.; Jones, A.E.; Kim, K.; Matrai, P.A.; McNeill, V.F.; Saiz-Lopez, A.; Shepson, P.; Steiner, N.; Law, K.S.; Arnold, S.R.; Delille, B.; Schmale, J.; Sonke, J.E.; Dommergue, A.; Voisin, D.; Melamed, M.L.; Gier, J.;Published Date:2019Source:Elem Sci Anth, 7(1), p.58.Description:The cryosphere, which comprises a large portion of Earth’s surface, is rapidly changing as a consequence of global climate change. Ice, snow, and frozen ground in the polar and alpine regions of the planet are known to directly impact atmospheric c...
Personal Author:Mazzotti, Giulia; Currier, William Ryan; Deems, Jeffrey S.; Pflug, Justin M.; Lundquist, Jessica D.; Jonas, Tobias;Published Date:2019Source:Water Resources Research, 55(7): 6198–6216Description:The retrieval of detailed, co‐located snow depth and canopy cover information from airborne lidar has advanced our understanding of links between forest snow distribution and canopy structure. In this study, we present two recent high‐resolution ...
Personal Author:Serreze, Mark C.; Barrett, Andrew P.; Crawford, Alex D.; Woodgate, Rebecca A.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124, 9317–9337Description:The Bering Strait oceanic heat transport influences seasonal sea ice retreat and advance in the Chukchi Sea. Monitored since 1990, it depends on water temperature and factors controlling the volume transport, assumed to be local winds in the strait a...
Personal Author:Monsalve, G.; Jaramillo, J. S.; Cardona, A.; Schulte‐Pelkum, V.; Posada, G.; Valencia, V.; Poveda, E.;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(9): 9833-9851Description:The Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, in the northern Andes, is an example of an orogen in which Mesozoic basins were compressed during the Cenozoic, forming a ~2,500‐m‐high plateau in its northern portion. Significant shortening and crustal thicke...
Personal Author:Yarce, J.; Sheehan, A. F.; Nakai, J. S.; Schwartz, S. Y.; Mochizuki, K.; Savage, M. K.; Wallace, L. M.; Henrys, S. A.; Webb, S. C.; Ito, Y.; Abercrombie, R. E.; Fry, B.; Shaddox, H.; Todd, E. K.;Published Date:2019Source:JGR Solid Earth (2019). 124(5): 4751-5766Description:In 2014–2015, the Hikurangi Ocean Bottom Investigation of Tremor and Slow Slip experiment deployed seafloor absolute pressure gauges and ocean bottom seismometers directly above a large slow slip event, allowing examination of the relationship betw...
Personal Author:Rajagopalan, Balaji; Erkyihun, Solomon Tassew; Lall, Upmanu; Zagona, Edith; Nowak, Kenneth;Published Date:2019Source:Water Resources Research, 55(7): 6268–6284Description:We propose a time series modeling approach based on nonlinear dynamical systems to recover the underlying dynamics and predictability of streamflow and to produce projections with identifiable skill. First, a wavelet spectral analysis is performed on...
Personal Author:Morrison, A. L.; Kay, J. E.; Frey, W. R.; Chepfer, H.; Guzman, R.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124, 1003-1020Description:Over the next century, the Arctic is projected to become seasonally sea ice‐free. Assessing feedback between clouds and sea ice as the Arctic loses sea ice cover is important because of clouds' radiative impacts on the Arctic surface. Here we inves...
Personal Author:Takahashi, H.; Lebsock, M. D.; Richardson, M.; Marchand, R.; Kay, J. E.;Published Date:2019Source:Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124, 7270-7285Description:Cloud feedbacks remain the largest source of uncertainty in future climate predictions. Simulations robustly project an increase in cloud height, which is supported by some observational evidence. However, how much of this increasing trend is due to ...
-