-
- Add this to...
-
Twitter
-
Facebook
-
Google Bookmarks
-
LinkedIn
File Format:
RIS
Anomalous mid-twentieth century atmospheric circulation change over the South Atlantic compared to the last 6000 years
-
Published Date:2016
-
Source:Environmental Research Letters, 11(6), 064009.

Details:
-
Personal Authors:
-
Description:Determining the timing and impact of anthropogenic climate change in data-sparse regions is a considerable challenge. Arguably, nowhere is this more difficult than the Antarctic Peninsula and the subantarctic South Atlantic where observational records are relatively short but where high rates of warming have been experienced since records began. Here we interrogate recently developed monthly-resolved observational datasets from the Falkland Islands and South Georgia, and extend the records back using climate-sensitive peat growth over the past 6000 years. Investigating the subantarctic climate data with ERA-Interim and Twentieth Century Reanalysis, we find that a stepped increase in precipitation across the 1940s is related to a change in synoptic atmospheric circulation: a westward migration of quasi-permanent positive pressure anomalies in the South Atlantic has brought the subantarctic islands under the increased influence of meridional airflow associated with the Amundsen Sea Low. Analysis of three comprehensively multi-dated (using C-14 and Cs-137) peat sequences across the two islands demonstrates unprecedented growth rates since the mid-twentieth century relative to the last 6000 years. Comparison to observational and reconstructed sea surface temperatures suggests this change is linked to a warming tropical Pacific Ocean. Our results imply 'modern' South Atlantic atmospheric circulation has not been under this configuration for millennia.
-
Document Type:
-
Collection(s):
-
Supporting Files:
application/octet-stream
Related Documents:
-
-
Personal Author:Jackson, D. L.; Hughes, M.; Wick, G. A.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 121(6), 2705-2718.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:An intercomparison of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) between four reanalysis data sets using one satellite-derived AR detection method as a metric to characterize landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) along the U.S. West Coast is performed over ...
-
Personal Author:Hoerling, M.; Eischeid, J.; Perlwitz, J.; Quan, X. W.; Wolter, K.; Cheng, L. Y.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Climate, 29(7), 2313-2332.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Time series of U.S. daily heavy precipitation (95th percentile) are analyzed to determine factors responsible for regionality and seasonality in their 1979-2013 trends. For annual conditions, contiguous U.S. trends have been characterized by increase...
-
Personal Author:Matrosov, S. Y.; Cifelli, R.; Neiman, P. J.; White, A. B.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 55(6), 1345-1358.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:S-band profiling (S-PROF) radar measurements from different southeastern U.S. Hydrometeorology Testbed sites indicated a frequent occurrence of rain that did not exhibit radar bright band (BB) and was observed outside the periods of deep-convective p...
-
Personal Author:Zawislak, J.; Jiang, H. Y.; Alvey, G. R.; Zipser, E. J.; Rogers, R. F.; Zhang, J. A.; Stevenson, S. N.;Published:2016Source:Monthly Weather Review, 144(9), 3333-3354.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:The structural evolution of the inner core and near environment throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Edouard (2014) is examined using a synthesis of airborne and satellite measurements. This study specifically focuses on the precipitation evolution...
-
Personal Author:Hodyss, D.; Satterfield, E.; McLay, J.; Hamill, T. M.; Scheuerer, M.;Published:2016Source:Monthly Weather Review, 144(4), 1649-1668.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Ensemble postprocessing is frequently applied to correct biases and deficiencies in the spread of ensemble forecasts. Methods involving weighted, regression-corrected forecasts address the typical biases and under-dispersion of ensembles through a re...
-
Personal Author:Thorarinsdottir, T. L.; Scheuerer, M.; Heinz, C.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 25(1), 105-122.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Any decision-making process that relies on a probabilistic forecast of future events necessarily requires a calibrated forecast. This article proposes new methods for empirically assessing forecast calibration in a multivariate setting where the prob...
-
Personal Author:Albers, J. R.; Kiladis, G. N.; Birner, T.; Dias, J.;Published:2016Source:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 73(6), 2361-2384.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:The intrusion of lower-stratospheric extratropical potential vorticity into the tropical upper troposphere in the weeks surrounding the occurrence of sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) is examined. The analysis reveals that SSW-related PV intrusion...
-
Personal Author:Lynn, B. H.; Khain, A. P.; Bao, J. W.; Michelson, S. A.; Yuan, T.; Kelman, G.; Rosenfeld, D.; Shpund, J.; Benmoshe, N.;Published:2016Source:Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 73(2), 467-486.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Hurricane Irene (2011) moved northward along the eastern coast of the United States and was expected to cause severe wind and flood damage. However, the hurricane weakened much faster than was predicted. Moreover, the minimum pressure in Irene occurr...
-
Personal Author:Kingsmill, D. E.; Persson, P. O. G.; Haimov, S.; Shupe, M. D.;Published:2016Source:Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 142(695), 836-853.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:This study characterizes mountain waves and orographic precipitation associated with a winter storm passing over the approximate to 3.5 km above mean sea level (MSL) Park Range of northern Colorado on 15 December 2010. Observations from an airborne v...
-
Personal Author:Li, F.; Vikhliaev, Y. V.; Newman, P. A.; Pawson, S.; Perlwitz, J.; Waugh, D. W.; Douglass, A. R.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Climate, 29(9), 3199-3218.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Stratospheric ozone depletion plays a major role in driving climate change in the Southern Hemisphere. To date, many climate models prescribe the stratospheric ozone layer's evolution using monthly and zonally averaged ozone fields. However, the pres...
-
Personal Author:Mahoney, K.; Jackson, D. L.; Neiman, P.; Hughes, M.; Darby, L.; Wick, G.; White, A.; Sukovich, E.; Cifelli, R.;Published:2016Source:Monthly Weather Review, 144(4), 1617-1632.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:An analysis of atmospheric rivers (ARs) as defined by an automated AR detection tool based on integrated water vapor transport (IVT) and the connection to heavy precipitation in the southeast United States (SEUS) is performed. Climatological water va...
-
Personal Author:Lei, L. L.; Whitaker, J. S.;Published:2016Source:Monthly Weather Review, 144(7), 2605-2621.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:The analysis produced by the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) may be dynamically inconsistent and contain unbalanced gravity waves that are absent in the real atmosphere. These imbalances can be exacerbated by covariance localization and inflation. One ...
-
Personal Author:Swales, D.; Alexander, M.; Hughes, M.;Published:2016Source:Geophysical Research Letters, 43(4), 1727-1735.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:Self-organizing maps (SOMs) were used to explore relationships between large-scale synoptic conditions, especially vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT), and extreme precipitation events in the U.S. Intermountain West (IMW). By examining ...
-
Personal Author:Hoell, A.; Hoerling, M.; Eischeid, J.; Wolter, K.; Dole, R.; Perlwitz, J.; Xu, T. Y.; Cheng, L. Y.;Published:2016Source:Geophysical Research Letters, 43(2), 819-825.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:The sensitivity of California precipitation to El Nino intensity is investigated by applying a multimodel ensemble of historical climate simulations to estimate how November-April precipitation probability distributions vary across three categorizati...
-
Personal Author:Koch, S. E.; Ware, R.; Jiang, H. L.; Xie, Y. F.;Published:2016Source:Weather and Forecasting, 31(3), 763-786.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:This study documents a very rapid increase in convective instability, vertical wind shear, and mesoscale forcing for ascent leading to the formation of a highly unusual tornado as detected by a ground-based microwave radiometer and wind profiler, and...
-
Personal Author:Scott, J. D.; Alexander, M. A.; Murray, D. R.; Swales, D.; Eischeid, J.;Published:2016Source:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97(4), 523-530.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)
-
Personal Author:Ralph, F. M.; Cordeira, J. M.; Neiman, P. J.; Hughes, M.;Published:2016Source:Journal of Hydrometeorology, 17(7), 1905-1914.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:The upper Sacramento River watershed is vital to California's water supply and is susceptible to major floods. Orographic precipitation in this complex terrain involves both atmospheric rivers (ARs) and the Sierra barrier jet (SBJ). The south-southea...
-
Personal Author:Hobbins, M. T.Published:2016Source:Transactions of the Asabe, 59(2), 561-576.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:To fully attribute the variability of reference evapotranspiration to its drivers, a mean-value, second-moment uncertainty analysis is applied to a 30-year, CONUS-wide reanalysis of daily and annual tall-crop reference evapotranspiration as estimated...
-
Personal Author:Williams, C. R.Published:2016Source:Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 33(3), 579-595.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:This study consists of two parts. The first part describes the way in which vertical air motions and raindrop size distributions (DSDs) were retrieved from 449-MHz and 2.835-GHz (UHF and S band) vertically pointing radars (VPRs) deployed side by side...
-
Personal Author:Bianco, L.; Djalalova, I. V.; Wilczak, J. M.; Cline, J.; Calvert, S.; Konopleva-Akish, E.; Finley, C.; Freedman, J.;Published:2016Source:Weather and Forecasting, 31(4), 1137-1156.Series:CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)Description:A wind energy Ramp Tool and Metric (RT&M) has been developed out of recognition that during significant ramp events (large changes in wind power Delta p over short periods of time Delta t) it is more difficult to balance the electric load with power ...
-
You May Also Like:
-
Corporate Author:United States, National Weather Service., Office of Science and Technology,. Climate Prediction Center (U.S.).Conference Author:Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop 2011 : Fort Worth, Tex.),Published:2011Description:"The 36th Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop was held in Fort Worth, Texas, on 3-6 October 2011. The workshop was hosted by the National Weather Service (NWS) Southern Region Headquarters and the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and cos...
-
Personal Author:Levinson, D. H.; Lawrimore, J. H.;Published:2008Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The combined land and ocean surface temperature in 2007 fell within the 10 highest on record, while the average land temperature was the warmest since global records began in 1880. In the low to midtroposphere, the annual global mean temperature was ...
-
Personal Author:Sun, L. T.; Deser, C.; Tomas, R. A.;Published:2015Source:Journal of Climate, 28(19), 7824-7845.Description:The impact of projected Arctic sea ice loss on the atmospheric circulation is investigated using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), a model with a well-resolved stratosphere. Two 160-yr simulations are conducted: one with surface b...
-
Personal Author:Levinson, D. H.Published:2005Series:State of the ClimateDescription:From a global perspective, the annual average surface temperature in 2004 was the fourth highest value observed since regular instrumental records began in 1880. Global surface air temperatures in 2004 were 0.44°C (0.79°F) above the 1961–90 mean,...
-
Personal Author:Shein, K. A.; Waple, A. M.; Menne, M. J.; Christy, J. C.; Levinson, D. H.; Lawrimore, J. H.; Wuertz, D. B.; Xie, P.; Janowiak, J. E.; Robinson, D. A.; Schnell, R. C.; Elkins, J. W.; Dutton, G. S.; Levy, J. M.; Reynolds, R. W.; Johnson, G. C.; Lyman, J. M.; Willis, J. K.; Yu, L.; Weller, R. A.; Lumpkin, R.; Goni, G.; Baringer, M. O.; Meinen, C. S.; Merrifield, M. A.; Gill, S.; Mitchum, G. T.; Sabine, C. L.; Feely, R. A.; Wanninkhof, R.; Diamond, H. J.; Bell, G. D.; Halpert, M. S.; McPhaden, M. J.; Blake, E.; Mo, K. C.; Landsea, C. W.; Pasch, R.; Chelliah, M.; Goldenberg, S. B.; Bourassa, M. A.; Smith, S. R.; Hughes, P.; Rolph, J.; Camargo, S. J.; Gleason, K. L.; Salinger, M. J.; Watkins, A. B.; Burgess, S. M.; Richter-Menge, J.; Overland, J.; Proshutinsky, A.; Romanovsky, V.; Gascard, J. C.; Karcher, M.; Maslanik, J.; Perovich, D.; Shiklomanov, A.; Walker, D.; Box, J. E.; Oludhe, C.; Ambenje, P.; Ogallo, L.; Kabidi, K.; Thiaw, W. M.; Gill, T.; Landman, W. A.; Kocot, C.; Phillips, D.; Whitewood, R.; Vazquez, M. O.; Grover-Kopec, E. K.; Rusticuci, M.; Camacho, J. L.; Pabon, J. D.; Marengo, J. A.; Martinez, R.; Bidegain, M.; Bulygina, O. N.; Korshunova, N. N.; Razuvaev, V. N.; Ren, F.; Gao, G.; Rajeevan, M.; Kumar, K. R.; Rahimzadeh, F.; Khoshkam, M.; Kennedy, J. J.; Achberger, C.; Chen, D.; Trigo, R.; Garcia-Herrera, R.; Paredes, D.; Rachold, V.; Cappelen, J.; Heino, R.; Saku, S.; Parker, D.; Jonsson, T.; Walsh, J.; Bengtsson, L.; Maslowski, W.; Przybylak, R.; Forland, E.; Iden, K. A.; Groisman, P.; Zhang, H. M.; Angel, W. E.; Guttman, N.; Whitehurst, T.; Brown, W.; Stephens, S.; Gleason, B.; LeDuc, S.; Easterling, D.; Alexandersson, H.;Published:2006Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The State of the Climate 2005 report summarizes global and regional climate conditions and places them, where possible, into the context of historical records. Descriptions and analyses of notable climatic anomalies, both global and regional, also ar...