Arctic Report Card 2020: Sea Surface Temperature
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Arctic Report Card 2020: Sea Surface Temperature
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    1. Filetype[PDF - 6.62 MB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
      Published Date:
      2002
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 6.62 MB]
    2. Filetype[PDF - 1003.92 KB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1003.92 KB]
    3. Filetype[PDF - 616.09 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Frost, G. V.; Bhatt, U. S.; Epstein, H. E.; Myers-Smith, I.; Phoenix, G. K.; Berner, L. T.; Bjerke, J. W.; Forbes, B. C.; Goetz, S. J.; Kerby, J. T.; Macander, M. J.; Park, T.; Raynolds, M. K.; Tømmervik, H.; Walker, D. A.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Alaska Biological Research (Firm). University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute. University of Virginia. Department of Environmental Sciences. University of Edinburgh. School of GeoSciences. University of Sheffield. Northern Arizona University. Norsk institutt for naturforskning / Norwegian Institute for Nature Research. Arktinen keskus (Rovaniemi, Finland) / Arctic Centre. Lapin korkeakoulu / University of Lapland. Aarhus universitet / Aarhus University. Ames Research Center. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Institute of Arctic Biology.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      The Arctic tundra biome occupies Earth's northernmost landmasses and forms a "wreath" of treeless vegetation that encircles the Arctic Ocean. Arctic tundra ecosystems are strongly influenced by warming air temperatures (Bjorkman et al. 2020), and thu...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 616.09 KB]
    4. Filetype[PDF - 933.86 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Jones, B. M.; Irrgang, A. M.; Farquharson, L. M.; Lantuit, H.; Whalen, D.; Ogorodov, S.; Grigoriev, M.; Tweedie, C.; Gibbs, A. E.; Strzelecki, M. C.; Baranskaya, A.; Belova, N.; Sinitsyn, A.; Kroon, A.; Maslakov, A.; Vieira, G.; Grosse, G.; Overduin, P.; Nitze, I.; Maio, C.; Overbeck, J.; Bendixen, M.; Zagórski, P.; Romanovsky, V. E.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Institute of Northern Engineering. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung / Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. University of Alaska (College). Geophysical Institute. Geological Survey of Canada (Atlantic). Moskovskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet im. M.V. Lomonosova / Lomonosov Moscow State University. Institut zemnoĭ kory (Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ nauk) / Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. University of Texas at El Paso. Geological Survey (U.S.). Uniwersytet Wrocławski / University of Wroclaw. SINTEF-gruppen (Norway). Københavns universitet / University of Copenhagen. Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território / Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Lisbon. Universität Potsdam. Institut für Geographie und Geoökologie / Institute of Geosciences University of Potsdam. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute. Alaska. Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. University of Colorado (Boulder campus). Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research. Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej / Marie Curie Skłodowska University.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Permafrost coasts in the Arctic make up more than 30% of Earth's coastlines (Fig. 1; Lantuit et al. 2012) and they are sensitive to Arctic Ocean/permafrost-influenced land linkages (Nielsen et al. 2020). The changes currently taking place along these...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 933.86 KB]
    5. Filetype[PDF - 613.67 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Shupe, Matthew D.; Rex, M.; Dethloff, K.; Damm, E.; Fong, A. A.; Gradinger, R.; Heuzé, C.; Loose, B.; Makarov, A.; Maslowski, W.; Nicolaus, M.; Perovich, D.; Rabe, B.; Rinke, A.; Sokolov, V.; Sommerfeld, A.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Physical Sciences Laboratory (U.S.). Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (Fort Collins, Colo.). Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung / Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. Universitetet i Tromsø / University of Tromsø. Göteborgs universitet. Geovetarcentrum / Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg. University of Rhode Island. Graduate School of Oceanography. Arkticheskiĭ i antarkticheskiĭ nauchno-issledovatelʹskiĭ institut (Saint Petersburg, Russia) / Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute. Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.). Department of Oceanography. Thayer School of Engineering.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      The Arctic sea ice has a story to tell. It is a story of change and transformation on daily, seasonal, and decadal scales. It is a story of complex interactions and feedbacks, of processes that link the ice in myriad ways with the Arctic and global s...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 613.67 KB]
    6. Filetype[PDF - 756.29 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Ballinger, T. J.; Overland, J. E.; Wang, M.; Bhatt, U. S.; Hanna, E.; Hanssen-Bauer, I.; Kim, S. -J.; Thoman, R. L.; Walsh, J. E.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.). Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem Studies. International Arctic Research Center. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute. University of Lincoln. Norske meteorologiske institutt / Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Han’guk Haeyang Yŏn’guwŏn. Pusŏl Kŭkchi Yŏn’guso / Korea Polar Research Institute.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Surface air temperatures (SAT) represent one of the strongest indicators of Arctic change over the last 50 years (Box et al. 2019). While SAT patterns across the Arctic vary on a seasonal and annual basis, there has been a strong, positive trend towa...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 756.29 KB]
    7. Filetype[PDF - 133.97 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Richter-Menge, Jacqueline; Druckenmiller, Matthew L.; Thoman, Richard L.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Institute of Northern Engineering. National Snow and Ice Data Center (U.S.). Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy (U.S.). International Arctic Research Center.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      First issued in 2006 to address the need for timelier communication of Arctic change to a broad audience, Arctic Report Card (ARC) 2020 marks the 15th anniversary of this annual, peer-reviewed publication. In recognition of this milestone, the ARC202...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 133.97 KB]
    8. Filetype[PDF - 645.41 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Mudryk, Lawrence Elias; Chereque, A.; Brown, R.; Derksen, C.; Luojus, K.; Decharme, B.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. University of Toronto. Department of Physics. Ilmatieteen laitos (Finland) / Finnish Meteorological Institute.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Snow covers the Arctic land surface (land areas north of 60° N) for up to 9 months each year, and influences the surface energy budget, ground thermal regime, and freshwater budget of the Arctic (Brown et al. 2017). Snow also interacts with vegetati...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 645.41 KB]
    9. Filetype[PDF - 908.75 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Vasel, Brian; Schultz, C.; Schnell, R.; Stanitski, D.; Thomas, B.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Global Monitoring Laboratory (U.S.)
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      For almost half a century, some of the most important observations of the changing Arctic climate have been captured in a temporary structure at the northernmost tip of the United States. NOAA's Barrow Atmospheric Baseline Observatory (BRW) is locate...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 908.75 KB]
    10. Filetype[PDF - 6.51 MB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
      Published Date:
      2013
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 6.51 MB]
    11. Filetype[PDF - 4.58 MB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 4.58 MB]
    12. Filetype[PDF - 3.14 MB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
      Published Date:
      2012
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.14 MB]
    13. Filetype[PDF - 3.92 MB]
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      ESA Section 7 Consultation
      Description:
      Consultation on Implementation of the Pacific Fishery Management Council Salmon Fishery Management Plan in 2020 for Southern Resident Killer Whales and their Current and Proposed Critical Habitat
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.92 MB]
    14. Filetype[PDF - 550.73 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Frey, Karen E.; Comiso, J. C.; Cooper, L. W.; Grebmeier, J. M.; Stock, L. V.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Clark University (Worcester, Mass.). Graduate School of Geography. Goddard Space Flight Center. University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science. Chesapeake Bay ACE INC (Project).
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Autotrophic single-celled algae living in sea ice (ice algae) and water column (phytoplankton) are the main primary producers in the Arctic Ocean. Through photosynthesis, they transform dissolved inorganic carbon into organic material. Consequently, ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 550.73 KB]
    15. Filetype[PDF - 670.78 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Perovich, Donald; Meier, W.; Tschudi, M.; Hendricks, S.; Petty, A. A.; Divine, D.; Farrell, S.; Gerland, S.; Haas, C.; Kaleschke, L.; Pavlova, O.; Ricker, R.; Tian-Kunze, X.; Webster, M.; Wood, K.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.). Thayer School of Engineering. National Snow and Ice Data Center (U.S.). University of Colorado (Boulder campus). Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung / Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. Goddard Space Flight Center. Norsk polarinstitutt / Norwegian Polar Institute. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute.
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Arctic sea ice is an important part of the climate system. Its higher albedo reflects much of the incoming solar radiation during the summer, keeping the region cooler than an ice-free environment. The sea ice cover acts as a physical barrier between...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 670.78 KB]
    16. Filetype[PDF - 558.92 KB]
      Personal Author:
      Wolken, Gabriel J.; Wouters, B.; Sharp, M.; Andreassen, L. M.; Burgess, D.; Kohler, J.; Luks, B.;
      Corporate Authors:
      United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. International Arctic Research Center. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute. Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University. Technische Hogeschool Delft / Delft University of Technology. University of Alberta. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat / Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate. Geological Survey of Canada. Norsk polarinstitutt / Norwegian Polar Institute. Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii / Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences. Alaska Science Center (U.S. : 2002- ).
      Published Date:
      2020
      Series:
      Arctic Report Card
      Description:
      Numerous glaciers and ice caps, in multiple climatic zones, occupy land areas in the Arctic outside Greenland. They exist where the rate of snow accumulation exceeds the rate of melt by atmospheric heat. Although their potential longer-term contribut...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 558.92 KB]

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    Richter-Menge, J.; Overland, J.; Svoboda, M.; Box, J.; Loonen, M.J.J.E.; Proshutinsky, A.; Romanovsky, V.; Russell, D.; Sawatzky, C.D.; Simpkins, M.; Armstrong, R.; Ashik, I.; Bai, L.-S.; Bromwich, D.; Cappelen, J.; Carmack, E.; Comiso, J.; Ebbinge, B.; Frolov, I.; Gascard, J.C.; Itoh, M.; Jia, G.J.; Krishfield, R.; McLaughlin, F.; Meier, W.; Mikkelsen, N.; Morison, J.; Mote, T.; Nghiem, S.; Perovich, D.; Polyakov, I.; Reist, J.D.; Rudels, B.; Schauer, U.; Shiklomanov, A.; Shimada, K.; Sokolov, V.; Steele, M.; Timmermans, M.-L.; Toole, J.; Veenhuis, B.; Walker, D.; Walsh, J.; Wang, M.; Weidick, A.; Zöckler, C.;
    Corporate Authors:
    United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Climate Program Office. Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. Program for the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna. NOAA Arctic Research Program (U.S.). Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (U.S.). International Arctic Research Center. University of Washington. Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean. ERDC/CRREL TR. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Goddard Space Flight Center. University of Colorado Boulder. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. National Snow and Ice Data Center (U.S.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.). California Institute of Technology. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. University of Washington. Polar Science Center. Arkticheskiĭ i antarkticheskiĭ nauchno-issledovatelʹskiĭ institut (Saint Petersburg, Russia) / Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia. Université Pierre et Marie Curie. Kaiyō Kenkyū Kaihatsu Kikō (Japan) / Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology. Institute of Ocean Sciences, Patricia Bay. Merentutkimuslaitos / Finnish Institute of Marine Research. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung / Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Geophysical Institute. University of New Hampshire. University of Alaska Fairbanks. Institute of Arctic Biology. Zhongguo ke xue yuan / Chinese Academy of Science. Byrd Polar Research Center. Danmarks meteorologiske institut / Danish Meteorological Institute. University of Georgia. Department of Geography. Florida State University. Department of Meteorology. Danmarks og Grønlands geologiske undersøgelse / Geologic Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). Canada. Environment Canada. Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen. Noordelijk Centrum / University of Groningen, Arctic Centre. UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre.
    Published Date:
    2008
    Series:
    Arctic Report Card ; 2008
    Description:
    The Arctic Report Card is introduced as a means of presenting clear, reliable and concise information on recent observations of environmental conditions in the Arctic, relative to historical time series records. Issued annually, it provides a method ...
    File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 3.14 MB]