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Examination of Surface Wind Asymmetries in Tropical Cyclones. Part I: General Structure and Wind Shear Impacts
Filetype[PDF-3.11 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Because surface wind speeds within tropical cyclones are important for operational and research interests, it is vital to understand surface wind structure in relation to various storm and environmental influences. In this study, global rain-corrected scatterometer winds are used to quantify and evaluate characteristics of tropical cyclone surface wind asymmetries using a modified version of a proven aircraft-based low-wavenumber analysis tool. The globally expanded surface wind dataset provides an avenue for a robust statistical analysis of the changes in structure due to tropical cyclone intensity, deep-layer vertical wind shear, and wind shear's relationship with forward storm motion. Apresentation of the quantified asymmetry indicates that wind shear has a significant influence on tropical storms at all radii but only for areas away from the radius of maximum wind in both nonmajor and major hurricanes. Evaluation of a shear's directional relation to motion indicates that a cyclonic rotation of the surface wind field asymmetry from downshear left to upshear left occurs in conjunction with an anticyclonic rotation of the directional relationship (i.e., from shear direction to the left, same, right, or opposite of the motion direction). It was discovered that in tropical cyclones experiencing effects from wind shear, an increase in absolute angular momentum transport occurs downshear and often downshear right. The surface wind speed low-wavenumber maximum in turn forms downwind of this momentum transport.

  • DOI:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0019.1
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)
    NOAA Cooperative Institutes
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
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      Personal Author:
      Nolan, D. S.; Zhang, J. A.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(8), 3924-3931.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Internal gravity waves are continuously generated by deep moist convection around the globe. Satellite images suggest that tropical cyclones produce short-wavelength, high-frequency waves that radiate outward, with the wave fronts wrapped into tight ...
      File Type:
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      Personal Author:
      Hoffman, R. N.; Prive, N.; Bourassa, M.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 98(11), 2455-2460.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      File Type:
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      Personal Author:
      Kourafalou, V.; Androulidakis, Y.; Le Henaff, M.; Kang, H.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(10), 7897-7923.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Mesoscale anticyclonic eddies along the northern Cuban coast (CubANs) have been identified in the Straits of Florida, associated with the northward shift of the Florida Current (FC) and the anticyclonic curvature of the Loop Current (LC) at the weste...
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      Murphy, L. N.; Goes, M.; Clement, A. C.;
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      Source:
      Paleoceanography, 32(11), 1291-1308.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Increased ice discharge in the North Atlantic is thought to cause a weakening, or collapse, of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) during Heinrich events. Paleoclimate records indicate that these periods were marked by severe tropi...
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      Personal Author:
      Putrasahan, D. A.; Kamenkovich, I.; Le Henaff, M.; Kirtman, B. P.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(12), 6352-6362.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Mesoscale variability of currents in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) can affect oceanic heat advection and air-sea heat exchanges, which can influence climate extremes over North America. This study is aimed at understanding the influence of the oceanic mes...
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      Goes, M.; Babcock, E.; Bringas, F.; Ortner, P.; Goni, G.;
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      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(9), 1947-1961.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data provide one of the longest available records of upper-ocean temperature. However, temperature and depth biases in XBT data adversely affect estimates of long-term trends of ocean heat content and, to a lesser ex...
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    7. An Extreme Event in the Eyewall of Hurricane Felix on 2 September 2007
      Personal Author:
      Aberson, S. D.; Zhang, J. A.; Ocasio, K. N.;
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      Source:
      Monthly Weather Review, 145(6), 2083-2092.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      During a routine penetration into Hurricane Felix late on 2 September 2007, NOAA42 encountered extreme turbulence and graupel, flight-level horizontal wind gusts of over 83ms(-1), and vertical wind speeds varying from 10 ms (1) downward to 31ms (1) u...
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      Lee, S. K.; Volkov, D. L.; Lopez, H.; Cheon, W. G.; Gordon, A. L.; Liu, Y. Y.; Wanninkhof, R.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(5), 4413-4430.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Since late 1978, Antarctic sea-ice extent in the East Pacific has retreated persistently over the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas in warm seasons, but expanded over the Ross and Amundsen Seas in cold seasons, while almost opposite seasonal trends ha...
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      Personal Author:
      Alaka, G. J.; Zhang, X. J.; Gopalakrishnan, S. G.; Goldenberg, S. B.; Marks, F. D.;
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      Source:
      Weather and Forecasting, 32(3), 1253-1271.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      The Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model is a dynamical model that has shown annual improvements in its tropical cyclone (TC) track forecasts as a result of various modifications. This study focuses on an experimental version of HW...
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      Gintert, B. E.; Manzello, D. P.; Enochs, I. C.; Kolodziej, G.; Carlton, R.; Gleason, A. C. R.; Gracias, N.;
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      2018
      Source:
      Coral Reefs, 37(2), 533-547.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Annual coral bleaching events, which are predicted to occur as early as the next decade in the Florida Keys, are expected to cause catastrophic coral mortality. Despite this, there is little field data on how Caribbean coral communities respond to an...
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      Personal Author:
      Caillouet, C. W.; Putman, N. F.; Shaver, D. J.; Valverde, R. A.; Seney, E. E.; Lohmann, K. J.; Mansfield, K. L.; Gallaway, B. J.; Flanagan, J. P.; Godfrey, M. H.;
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      Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 11(3), 486-496.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) conservation practices permitted by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), under authority of the U. S. Endangered Species Act of 1973, include transloca...
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      Kubryakov, A. A.; Stanichny, S. V.; Volkov, D. L.;
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      Ocean Science, 13(3), 443-452.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Satellite altimetry measurements show that the magnitude of the Black Sea sea level trends is spatially uneven. While the basin-mean sea level rise from 1993 to 2014 was about 3.15 mm yr(-1), the local rates of sea level rise varied from 1.5-2.5 mm y...
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      Cyronak, T.; Andersson, A. J.; Langdon, C.; Albright, R.; Bates, N. R.; Caldeira, K.; Carlton, R.; Corredor, J. E.; Dunbar, R. B.; Enochs, I.; Erez, J.; Eyre, B. D.; Gattuso, J. P.; Gledhill, D.; Kayanne, H.; Kline, D. I.; Koweek, D. A.; Lantz, C.; Lazar, B.; Manzello, D.; McMahon, A.; Melendez, M.; Page, H. N.; Santos, I. R.; Schulz, K. G.; Shaw, E.; Silverman, J.; Suzuki, A.; Teneva, L.; Watanabe, A.; Yamamoto, S.;
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      Plos One, 13(1), 17.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Worldwide, coral reef ecosystems are experiencing increasing pressure from a variety of anthropogenic perturbations including ocean warming and acidification, increased sedimentation, eutrophication, and overfishing, which could shift reefs to a cond...
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      Oceanography, 30(2), 38-48.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      The Salinity Processes in the Upper-ocean Regional Study ( SPURS) aims to understand the patterns and variability of sea surface salinity. In order to capture the wide range of spatial and temporal scales associated with processes controlling salinit...
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      Personal Author:
      Zhang, J. Z.; Baringer, M. O.; Fischer, C. J.; Hooper, V. J. A.;
      Published Date:
      2017
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      Scientific Reports, 7(8).
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      A recent hydrographic survey of the Florida Current at 27 degrees N revealed an enhanced upward flux of nutrients along the Florida coast. Geostrophic flow of the Gulf Stream through the narrow Florida Straits causes an uplift of the nutricline towar...
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      Personal Author:
      Aberson, S. D.; Sellwood, K. J.; Leighton, P. A.;
      Published Date:
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      Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(8), 1673-1678.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Current practice is to transmit dropwindsonde data from aircraft using the TEMP-DROP format, which provides only the release location and time with 0.1 degrees latitude x 0.1 degrees longitude (about 11 km) and 1-h resolutions, respectively. The curr...
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      Lopez, H.; Goni, G.; Dong, S. F.;
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      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(7), 3309-3318.
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      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
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      2017
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      Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 9(7), 2672-2695.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
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      Mbio, 8(6), 17.
      Series:
      CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
      Description:
      Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-related infections with illnesses undergoing a geographic expansion. In this process of expansion, the most fundamental change has been the transition from infections caused by local strains to ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.27 MB]