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An Extreme Event in the Eyewall of Hurricane Felix on 2 September 2007
  • Published Date:
    2017
  • Source:
    Monthly Weather Review, 145(6), 2083-2092.
Filetype[PDF-2.45 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    During a routine penetration into Hurricane Felix late on 2 September 2007, NOAA42 encountered extreme turbulence and graupel, flight-level horizontal wind gusts of over 83ms(-1), and vertical wind speeds varying from 10 ms (1) downward to 31ms (1) upward and back to nearly 7ms (1) downward within 1 min. This led the plane to rise nearly 300m and then return to its original level within that time. Though a drop-windsonde was released during this event, the radars and data systems on board the aircraft were rendered inoperable, limiting the amount of data obtained. The feature observed during the flight is shown to be similar to that encountered during flights into Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and Patricia (2015), and by a dropwindsonde released into amisovortex in Hurricane Isabel (2003). This paper describes a unique dataset of a small-scale feature that appears to be prevalent in very intense tropical cyclones, providing new evidence for eye-eyewall mixing processes that may be related to intensity change.
  • DOI:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0364.1
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    NOAA Cooperative Institutes
    Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
    1. Acclimatization to high-variance habitats does not enhance physiological tolerance of two key Caribbean corals to future temperature and pH
      Personal Author:
      Camp, E. F.; Smith, D. J.; Evenhuis, C.; Enochs, I.; Manzello, D.; Woodcock, S.; Suggett, D. J.;
      Published Date:
      2016
      Source:
      Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 283(1831), 20160442.
      Description:
      Corals are acclimatized to populate dynamic habitats that neighbour coral reefs. Habitats such as seagrass beds exhibit broad diel changes in temperature and pH that routinely expose corals to conditions predicted for reefs over the next 50-100 years...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 890.92 KB]
    2. Marked annual coral bleaching resilience of an inshore patch reef in the Florida Keys: A nugget of hope, aberrance, or last man standing?
      Personal Author:
      Gintert, B. E.; Manzello, D. P.; Enochs, I. C.; Kolodziej, G.; Carlton, R.; Gleason, A. C. R.; Gracias, N.;
      Published Date:
      2018
      Source:
      Coral Reefs, 37(2), 533-547.
      Description:
      Annual coral bleaching events, which are predicted to occur as early as the next decade in the Florida Keys, are expected to cause catastrophic coral mortality. Despite this, there is little field data on how Caribbean coral communities respond to an...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.26 MB]
    3. Taking the metabolic pulse of the world's coral reefs
      Personal Author:
      Cyronak, T.; Andersson, A. J.; Langdon, C.; Albright, R.; Bates, N. R.; Caldeira, K.; Carlton, R.; Corredor, J. E.; Dunbar, R. B.; Enochs, I.; Erez, J.; Eyre, B. D.; Gattuso, J. P.; Gledhill, D.; Kayanne, H.; Kline, D. I.; Koweek, D. A.; Lantz, C.; Lazar, B.; Manzello, D.; McMahon, A.; Melendez, M.; Page, H. N.; Santos, I. R.; Schulz, K. G.; Shaw, E.; Silverman, J.; Suzuki, A.; Teneva, L.; Watanabe, A.; Yamamoto, S.;
      Published Date:
      2018
      Source:
      Plos One, 13(1), 17.
      Description:
      Worldwide, coral reef ecosystems are experiencing increasing pressure from a variety of anthropogenic perturbations including ocean warming and acidification, increased sedimentation, eutrophication, and overfishing, which could shift reefs to a cond...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.93 MB]
    4. Examination of Surface Wind Asymmetries in Tropical Cyclones. Part I: General Structure and Wind Shear Impacts
      Personal Author:
      Klotz, B. W.; Jiang, H. Y.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Monthly Weather Review, 145(10), 3989-4009.
      Description:
      Because surface wind speeds within tropical cyclones are important for operational and research interests, it is vital to understand surface wind structure in relation to various storm and environmental influences. In this study, global rain-correcte...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.11 MB]
    5. A reconstructed South Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation time series since 1870
      Personal Author:
      Lopez, H.; Goni, G.; Dong, S. F.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(7), 3309-3318.
      Description:
      This study reconstructs a century-long South Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (SAMOC) index. The reconstruction is possible due to its covariability with sea surface temperature (SST). A singular value decomposition (SVD) method is applied...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.59 MB]
    6. Spiral gravity waves radiating from tropical cyclones
      Personal Author:
      Nolan, D. S.; Zhang, J. A.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(8), 3924-3931.
      Description:
      Internal gravity waves are continuously generated by deep moist convection around the globe. Satellite images suggest that tropical cyclones produce short-wavelength, high-frequency waves that radiate outward, with the wave fronts wrapped into tight ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.41 MB]
    7. Resilience in carbonate production despite three coral bleaching events in 5 years on an inshore patch reef in the Florida Keys
      Personal Author:
      Manzello, D. P.; Enochs, I. C.; Kolodziej, G.; Carlton, R.; Valentino, L.;
      Published Date:
      2018
      Source:
      Marine Biology, 165(6), 11.
      Description:
      The persistence of coral reef frameworks requires that calcium carbonate (CaCO3) production by corals and other calcifiers outpaces CaCO3 loss via physical, chemical, and biological erosion. Coral bleaching causes declines in CaCO3 production, but th...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.31 MB]
    8. Quantifying the impact of basin dynamics on the regional sea level rise in the Black Sea
      Personal Author:
      Kubryakov, A. A.; Stanichny, S. V.; Volkov, D. L.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Ocean Science, 13(3), 443-452.
      Description:
      Satellite altimetry measurements show that the magnitude of the Black Sea sea level trends is spatially uneven. While the basin-mean sea level rise from 1993 to 2014 was about 3.15 mm yr(-1), the local rates of sea level rise varied from 1.5-2.5 mm y...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 11.80 MB]
    9. Importance of ocean mesoscale variability for air-sea interactions in the Gulf of Mexico
      Personal Author:
      Putrasahan, D. A.; Kamenkovich, I.; Le Henaff, M.; Kirtman, B. P.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Geophysical Research Letters, 44(12), 6352-6362.
      Description:
      Mesoscale variability of currents in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) can affect oceanic heat advection and air-sea heat exchanges, which can influence climate extremes over North America. This study is aimed at understanding the influence of the oceanic mes...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.59 MB]
    10. The Impact of Improved Thermistor Calibration on the Expendable Bathythermograph Profile Data
      Personal Author:
      Goes, M.; Babcock, E.; Bringas, F.; Ortner, P.; Goni, G.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(9), 1947-1961.
      Description:
      Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data provide one of the longest available records of upper-ocean temperature. However, temperature and depth biases in XBT data adversely affect estimates of long-term trends of ocean heat content and, to a lesser ex...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 1.92 MB]
    11. Near-surface salinity and temperature structure observed with dual-sensor drifters in the subtropical South Pacific
      Personal Author:
      Dong, S. F.; Volkov, D.; Goni, G.; Lumpkin, R.; Foltz, G. R.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(7), 5952-5969.
      Description:
      Three surface drifters equipped with temperature and salinity sensors at 0.2 and 5 m depths were deployed in April/May 2015 in the subtropical South Pacific with the objective of measuring near-surface salinity differences seen by satellite and in si...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.20 MB]
    12. The Dynamics of Cuba Anticyclones (CubANs) and Interaction With the Loop Current/Florida Current System
      Personal Author:
      Kourafalou, V.; Androulidakis, Y.; Le Henaff, M.; Kang, H.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(10), 7897-7923.
      Description:
      Mesoscale anticyclonic eddies along the northern Cuban coast (CubANs) have been identified in the Straits of Florida, associated with the northward shift of the Florida Current (FC) and the anticyclonic curvature of the Loop Current (LC) at the weste...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 13.12 MB]
    13. Axisymmetric Initialization of the Atmosphere and Ocean for Idealized Coupled Hurricane Simulations
      Personal Author:
      Aksoy, A.; Zhang, J. A.; Klotz, B. W.; Uhlhorn, E. W.; Cione, J. J.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 9(7), 2672-2695.
      Description:
      A new vortex-scale initialization scheme is presented for idealized coupled hurricane simulations. The atmospheric scheme involves construction of azimuthally averaged kinematic and thermodynamic initial fields based on historical composite data sets...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 11.78 MB]
    14. Genomic Variation and Evolution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ST36 over the Course of a Transcontinental Epidemic Expansion
      Personal Author:
      Martinez-Urtaza, J.; van Aerle, R.; Abanto, M.; Haendiges, J.; Myers, R. A.; Trinanes, J.; Baker-Austin, C.; Gonzalez-Escalona, N.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Mbio, 8(6), 17.
      Description:
      Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-related infections with illnesses undergoing a geographic expansion. In this process of expansion, the most fundamental change has been the transition from infections caused by local strains to ...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.27 MB]
    15. The Role of African Dust in Atlantic Climate During Heinrich Events
      Personal Author:
      Murphy, L. N.; Goes, M.; Clement, A. C.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Paleoceanography, 32(11), 1291-1308.
      Description:
      Increased ice discharge in the North Atlantic is thought to cause a weakening, or collapse, of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) during Heinrich events. Paleoclimate records indicate that these periods were marked by severe tropi...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 2.41 MB]
    16. Autonomous Multi-Platform Observations During the Salinity Processes in the Upper-ocean Regional Study
      Personal Author:
      Lindstrom, E. J.; Shcherbina, A. Y.; Rainville, L.; Farrar, J. T.; Centurioni, L. R.; Dong, S. F.; D'Asaro, E. A.; Eriksen, C.; Fratantoni, D. M.; Hodges, B. A.; Hormann, V.; Kessler, W. S.; Lee, C. M.; Riser, S. C.; St Laurent, L.; Volkov, D. L.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Oceanography, 30(2), 38-48.
      Description:
      The Salinity Processes in the Upper-ocean Regional Study ( SPURS) aims to understand the patterns and variability of sea surface salinity. In order to capture the wide range of spatial and temporal scales associated with processes controlling salinit...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 4.42 MB]
    17. Comments on "Reanalyses and Observations: What's the Difference?"
      Personal Author:
      Hoffman, R. N.; Prive, N.; Bourassa, M.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 98(11), 2455-2460.
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 5.34 MB]
    18. Wind-driven ocean dynamics impact on the contrasting sea-ice trends around West Antarctica
      Personal Author:
      Lee, S. K.; Volkov, D. L.; Lopez, H.; Cheon, W. G.; Gordon, A. L.; Liu, Y. Y.; Wanninkhof, R.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 122(5), 4413-4430.
      Description:
      Since late 1978, Antarctic sea-ice extent in the East Pacific has retreated persistently over the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas in warm seasons, but expanded over the Ross and Amundsen Seas in cold seasons, while almost opposite seasonal trends ha...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 5.61 MB]
    19. Performance of Basin-Scale HWRF Tropical Cyclone Track Forecasts
      Personal Author:
      Alaka, G. J.; Zhang, X. J.; Gopalakrishnan, S. G.; Goldenberg, S. B.; Marks, F. D.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Weather and Forecasting, 32(3), 1253-1271.
      Description:
      The Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model is a dynamical model that has shown annual improvements in its tropical cyclone (TC) track forecasts as a result of various modifications. This study focuses on an experimental version of HW...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 4.43 MB]
    20. Observations of Infrared Sea Surface Temperature and Air-Sea Interaction in Hurricane Edouard (2014) Using GPS Dropsondes
      Personal Author:
      Zhang, J. A.; Cione, J. J.; Kalina, E. A.; Uhlhorn, E. W.; Hock, T.; Smith, J. A.;
      Published Date:
      2017
      Source:
      Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 34(6), 1333-1349.
      Description:
      This study highlights infrared sensor technology incorporated into the global positioning system (GPS) dropsonde platforms to obtain sea surface temperature (SST) measurements. This modified sonde (IRsonde) is used to improve understanding of air-sea...
      File Type:
      Filetype[PDF - 3.98 MB]
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