A New Methodology on Noise Equivalent Differential Temperature Calculation for On-Orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instrument

Details

• Journal Title:
  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
• Personal Author:
  Yan, Banghua ; Kireev, Stanislav V.
• Corporate Authors:
  NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service ; Center for Satellite Applications and Research ; Satellite Calibration and Data Assimilation Branch ; Global Science Technologies INC.
• NOAA Program & Office:
  NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service)
• Description:
  A few deficiencies remain in the current National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Integrated Calibration/Validation System (ICVS) noise calculation method for characterizing noise equivalent differential temperature (NEΔT) performance of on-orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) instruments. This ICVS method only accounts for the noise contribution resulting from one calibration parameter (warm count). The calculation is also dependent upon an assumption that the calibration gain equals to the sensitivity of warm count to temperature. In addition, the dependence of scene temperature is not considered. This study establishes a new methodology by accounting for the noise components resulting from all calibration parameters such as warm counts, warm target temperatures, space view (cold) counts, and their covariance. Each noise component is computed using the product of the overlapping Allan deviation of corresponding parameter and the sensitivity of Earth scene temperature to the parameter. The new method also comprises the variation of scene temperature via scene count in noise estimation. For the AMSU-A instruments aboard the NOAA-18 to NOAA-19 and Metop-A to Metop-C satellites, the magnitudes of the orbital average NEΔT calculated using the ICVS method exceed those from the new method by approximately 8%–38%, corresponding to a range from 0.02 to 0.07 K. Particularly, the deviations at the upper temperature sounding channels from 10 to 14 are around 0.05 K. The magnitude of AMSU-A instrument noise can vary by around 18% for sounding channels and 40% for window channels due to scene temperature change. Therefore, the new method demonstrates its significant improvements in characterizing on-orbit AMSU-A instrument noise more accurately and comprehensively.
• Content Notes:
  Funding from Fundref ID: 10.13039/100013864-NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR)
• Keywords:
  Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) Instrument Noise [noise Equivalent Differential Temperature (NEΔT)] Allan Deviation Analog-to-digital Converter Average Noise Bottom Of Page Calibration Calibration Equation Calibration Target Cold Temperatures Data Assimilation Dependent Noise Equivalent Temperature Error Propagation Independent Performance Instruments Linear Interpolation Magnitude Of Noise Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) Microwave Radiometry Nature Of The Problem Noise Components Noise Contribution Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference Noise Equivalent Temperture Noise Error Noise Estimation Noise Performance Noisy Data Number Of Scans Numerical Weather Prediction Ocean Temperature Overlapping Allan Deviation Parameter Sensitivity Satellite Broadcasting Satellite Instruments Simple Formula Target Temperature Temperature Dependence Of Instrument Noise Temperature Measurement Temperature Sensors Very High Frequency Warmer Temperatures

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• Source:
  IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 59(10), 8554 - 8567
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3050097
• ISSN:
  0196-2892 ; 1558-0644
• Format:
  PDF
• Publisher:
  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Rights Information:
  Accepted Manuscript
• Rights Statement:
  The NOAA IR provides access to this content under the authority of the government's retained license to distribute publications and data resulting from federal funding. While users may legally access this content, the copyright owners retain rights that govern the reproduction, redistribution, and re-use of this work. The user is solely responsible for complying with applicable copyright law.
• Compliance:
  Submitted
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:46cfcac5a6322844bde8485f3493607c6902e29e81311e99d02874c6bb1354a59bb151265628dc838b06c675e8ff1dbd7963146feb4214c7c08920f1061a2ce2
• Download URL:
  https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/65859/noaa_65859_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.77 MB ]