A New Methodology on Noise Equivalent Differential Temperature Calculation for On-Orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instrument

Yan, Banghua; Kireev, Stanislav V.

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2021.3050097

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The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.

i

A New Methodology on Noise Equivalent Differential Temperature Calculation for On-Orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instrument

2021
By Yan, Banghua ; Kireev, Stanislav V.
Source: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 59(10), 8554 - 8567

[PDF-1.77 MB]

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Journal Title:

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Personal Author:

Yan, Banghua ; Kireev, Stanislav V.

Yan, Banghua ; Kireev, Stanislav V. Less -
Corporate Authors:

NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service ; Center for Satellite Applications and Research ; Satellite Calibration and Data Assimilation Branch ; Global Science Technologies INC.

NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service ; Center for Satellite Applications and Research ; Satellite Calibration and Data Assimilation Branch ; Global Science Technologies INC. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service)
Description:

A few deficiencies remain in the current National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Integrated Calibration/Validation System (ICVS) noise calculation method for characterizing noise equivalent differential temperature (NEΔT) performance of on-orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) instruments. This ICVS method only accounts for the noise contribution resulting from one calibration parameter (warm count). The calculation is also dependent upon an assumption that the calibration gain equals to the sensitivity of warm count to temperature. In addition, the dependence of scene temperature is not considered. This study establishes a new methodology by accounting for the noise components resulting from all calibration parameters such as warm counts, warm target temperatures, space view (cold) counts, and their covariance. Each noise component is computed using the product of the overlapping Allan deviation of corresponding parameter and the sensitivity of Earth scene temperature to the parameter. The new method also comprises the variation of scene temperature via scene count in noise estimation. For the AMSU-A instruments aboard the NOAA-18 to NOAA-19 and Metop-A to Metop-C satellites, the magnitudes of the orbital average NEΔT calculated using the ICVS method exceed those from the new method by approximately 8%–38%, corresponding to a range from 0.02 to 0.07 K. Particularly, the deviations at the upper temperature sounding channels from 10 to 14 are around 0.05 K. The magnitude of AMSU-A instrument noise can vary by around 18% for sounding channels and 40% for window channels due to scene temperature change. Therefore, the new method demonstrates its significant improvements in characterizing on-orbit AMSU-A instrument noise more accurately and comprehensively.
Content Notes:

Funding from Fundref ID: 10.13039/100013864-NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR)
Keywords:

[+]

Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) Instrument Noise [noise Equivalent Differential Temperature (NEΔT)] Allan Deviation Analog-to-digital Converter Average Noise Bottom Of Page Calibration Calibration Equation Calibration Target Cold Temperatures Data Assimilation Dependent Noise Equivalent Temperature Error Propagation Independent Performance Instruments Linear Interpolation Magnitude Of Noise Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) Microwave Radiometry Nature Of The Problem Noise Components Noise Contribution Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference Noise Equivalent Temperture Noise Error Noise Estimation Noise Performance Noisy Data Number Of Scans Numerical Weather Prediction Ocean Temperature Overlapping Allan Deviation Parameter Sensitivity Satellite Broadcasting Satellite Instruments Simple Formula Target Temperature Temperature Dependence Of Instrument Noise Temperature Measurement Temperature Sensors Very High Frequency Warmer Temperatures
Source:

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 59(10), 8554 - 8567
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2021.3050097
ISSN:

0196-2892;1558-0644;
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PDF
Publisher:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Document Type:

Journal Article
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Accepted Manuscript
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The manuscript contents are solely the opinions of the author(s) and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U. S. Government.
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Submitted
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urn:sha-512:46cfcac5a6322844bde8485f3493607c6902e29e81311e99d02874c6bb1354a59bb151265628dc838b06c675e8ff1dbd7963146feb4214c7c08920f1061a2ce2
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A New Methodology on Noise Equivalent Differential Temperature Calculation for On-Orbit Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instrument

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