How Can Microwave Observations at 23.8 GHz Help in Acquiring Water Vapor in the Atmosphere over Land?

Liu, Quanhua (Mark); Cao, Changyong; Grassotti, Christopher; Lee, Yong-Keun

doi:10.3390/rs13030489

i

How Can Microwave Observations at 23.8 GHz Help in Acquiring Water Vapor in the Atmosphere over Land?

2021
By Liu, Quanhua (Mark) ; Cao, Changyong ; Grassotti, Christopher ; ...

Details

Journal Title:

Remote Sensing
Personal Author:

Liu, Quanhua (Mark) ; Cao, Changyong ; Grassotti, Christopher ; Lee, Yong-Keun
NOAA Program & Office:

NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; STAR (Center for Satellite Applications and Research) ; CISESS (Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies)
Description:

Due to concerns about radio frequency interference from emerging telecommunications technology, there have been intensive discussions on the changes to the international Radio Regulations around 24 GHz at the recent World Radiocommunication Conference in 2019. Although the sensitivity to total precipitable water (TPW) at 23.8 GHz over land is small, and in some cases close to zero, state-of-the-art retrieval systems with no dependence on real-time ancillary data (e.g., numerical weather prediction (NWP) model forecasts), such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operational Microwave Integrated Retrieval System (MiRS), have been producing reliable TPW products over both ocean and land, which implies that the microwave channel at 23.8 GHz is providing valuable information on TPW over land as well as over ocean. The contradiction between the zero or near-zero sensitivity and practical performance over land raises questions for the remote sensing community and public users of such data. In this study, we examine the underlying physics and include mathematical explanations, which address and clarify the apparent contradiction. The channel at 23.8 GHz is a direct measurement and indispensable for its combined use with microwave temperature and moisture sounding channels.
Keywords:

5G Wireless Business Passive Microwave Sensors Radio Frequency Interference Total Precipitable Water
Source:

Remote Sens. 2021, 13(3), 489
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13030489
Document Type:

Journal Article
Funding:

Grant no. NA19NES4320002
Rights Information:

CC BY
Compliance:

Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

urn:sha256:dc0794faebddc1cf8542bd6bdbf32f765c3ea90d87dd026b5650883e9b18e591
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/41803/noaa_41803_DS1.pdf
File Type:

[PDF - 967.43 KB ]

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