Details:

Journal Title:
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Personal Author:
Diamond, Howard J. ; Schreck, Carl J. ; Becker, Emily J. ; Bell, Gerald D. ; Blake, Eric S. ; ... More +
Diamond, Howard J. ; Schreck, Carl J. ; Becker, Emily J. ; Bell, Gerald D. ; Blake, Eric S. ; Bond, Stephanie ; Bringas, Francis G. ; Camargo, Suzana J. ; Chen, Lin ; Coelho, Caio A. S. ; Domingues, Ricardo ; Goldenberg, Stanley B. ; Goni, Gustavo ; Fauchereau, Nicolas ; Halpert, Michael S. ; He, Qiong ; Klotzbach, Philip J. ; Knaff, John A. ; L'Heureux, Michelle ; Landsea, Chris W. ; Lin, I.-I. ; Lorrey, Andrew M. ; Luo, Jing-Jia ; MacRitchie, Kyle ; Magee, Andrew D. ; Noll, Ben ; Pasch, Richard J. ; Pezza, Alexandre B. ; Rosencrans, Matthew ; Tippet, Michael K. ; Trewin, Blair C. ; Truchelut, Ryan E. ; Wang, Bin ; Wang, Hui ; Wood, Kimberly M. ; Woolley, John-Mark ; Young, Steven H. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:
OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ARL (Air Resources Laboratory) ; NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; CICS (Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites)
OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ARL (Air Resources Laboratory) ; NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; CICS (Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites) Less -
Description:
The tropics in 2020 reflected El Niño–Southern Oscillation neutral conditions through June–August, with the index decreasing from positive values during boreal spring to negative values during boreal summer. Starting in July–September (JAS), La Niña thresholds were met, with Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) values decreasing through October–December (OND). In OND 2020, the ONI reached a minimum of −1.3°C, which is considered informally to be a La Niña of moderate strength (ONI values between −1.0°C and −1.4°C). The ONI reached and slightly exceeded the +0.5°C threshold in several seasons during the Northern Hemisphere (NH) winter of 2019/20, but the anomalies were weak and did not last long enough to be considered an El Niño episode.
Keywords:
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Climatology El Niño Current La Niña Current Southern Oscillation Tropics
Source:
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 102 (8), S199–S261
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0080.1
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
Grant no. NA19NES4320002
Rights Information:
Other
Compliance:
Submitted
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:b10c28bcfb812eb8de79645437e8ee306a0dbc6747b212920da73da261dad2b3
Download URL:
https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/34046/noaa_34046_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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