-
- Add this to...
-
Twitter
-
Facebook
-
Google Bookmarks
-
LinkedIn
File Format:
RIS
State of the Climate in 2012
-
Published Date:2013
-
Series:
-

This document cannot be previewed automatically as it exceeds 5 MB
Please click the thumbnail image to view the document.
Details:
-
Personal Authors:Blunden, J. ; Arndt, D. S. ; Achberger, C. ; Ackerman, S. A. ; Albanil, A. ; Alexander, P. ; Alfaro, E. J. ; Allan, R. ; Alves, L. M. ; Amador, J. A. ; Ambenje, P. ; Andrianjafinirina, S. ; Antonov, J. ; Aravequia, J. A. ; Arendt, A. ; Arevalo, J. ; Ashik, I. ; Atheru, Z. ; Banzon, V. ; Baringer, M. O. ; Barreira, S. ; Barriopedro, D. E. ; Beard, G. ; Becker, A. ; Behrenfeld, M. J. ; Bell, G. D. ; Benedetti, A. ; Bernhard, G. ; Berrisford, P. ; Berry, D. I. ; Bhatt, U. ; Bidegain, M. ; Bindoff, N. ; Bissolli, P. ; Blake, E. S. ; Booneeady, R. ; Bosilovich, M. ; Box, J. E. ; Boyer, T. ; Braathen, G. O. ; Bromwich, D. H. ; Brown, R. ; Brown, L. ; Bruhwiler, L. ; Bulygina, O. N. ; Burgess, D. ; Burrows, J. ; Calderon, B. ; Camargo, S. J. ; Campbell, J. ; Cao, Y. ; Cappelen, J. ; Carrasco, G. ; Chambers, D. P. ; Chang'a, L. ; Chappell, P. ; Chehade, W. ; Cheliah, M. ; Christiansen, H. H. ; Christy, J. R. ; Ciais, P. ; Coelho, C. A. S. ; Cogley, J. G. ; Colwell, S. ; Cross, J. N. ; Crouch, J. ; Cunningham, S. A. ; Dacic, M. ; De Jeu, R. A. M. ; Dekaa, F. S. ; Demircan, M. ; Derksen, C. ; Diamond, H. J. ; Dlugokencky, E. J. ; Dohan, K. ; Dolman, A. J. ; Domingues, C. M. ; Dong, S. F. ; Dorigo, W. A. ; Drozdov, D. S. ; Duguay, C. R. ; Dunn, R. J. H. ; Duran-Quesada, A. M. ; Dutton, G. S. ; Ehmann, C. ; Elkins, J. W. ; Euscategui, C. ; Famiglietti, J. S. ; Fang, F. ; Fauchereau, N. ; Feely, R. A. ; Fekete, B. M. ; Fenimore, C. ; Fioletov, V. E. ; Fogarty, C. T. ; Fogt, R. L. ; Folland, C. K. ; Foster, M. J. ; Frajka-Williams, E. ; Franz, B. A. ; Frith, S. H. ; Frolov, I. ; Ganter, C. ; Garzoli, S. ; Geai, M. L. ; Gerland, S. ; Gitau, W. ; Gleason, K. L. ; Gobron, N. ; Goldenberg, S. B. ; Goni, G. ; Good, S. A. ; Gottschalck, J. ; Gregg, M. C. ; Griffiths, G. ; Grooss, J. U. ; Guard, C. ; Gupta, S. K. ; Hall, B. D. ; Halpert, M. S. ; Harada, Y. ; Hauri, C. ; Heidinger, A. K. ; Heikkila, A. ; Heim, R. R. ; Heimbach, P. ; Hidalgo, H. G. ; Hilburn, K. ; Ho, S. P. ; Hobbs, W. R. ; Holgate ; Hovsepyan, A. ; Hu, Z. Z. ; Hughes, P. ; Hurst, D. F. ; Ingvaldsen, R. ; Inness, A. ; Jaimes, E. ; Jakobsson, M. ; James, A. I. ; Jeffries, M. O. ; Johns, W. E. ; Johnsen, B. ; Johnson, G. C. ; Johnson, B. ; Jones, L. T. ; Jumaux, G. ; Kabidi, K. ; Kaiser, J. W. ; Kamga, A. ; Kang, K. K. ; Kanzow, T. O. ; Kao, H. Y. ; Keller, L. M. ; Kennedy, J. J. ; Key, J. ; Khatiwala, S. ; Pour, H. K. ; Kholodov, A. L. ; Khoshkam, M. ; Kijazi, A. ; Kikuchi, T. ; Kim, B. M. ; Kim, S. J. ; Kimberlain, T. B. ; Knaff, J. A. ; Korshunova, N. N. ; Koskela, T. ; Kousky, V. E. ; Kramarova, N. ; Kratz, D. P. ; Krishfield, R. ; Kruger, A. ; Kruk, M. C. ; Kumar, A. ; Lagerloef, G. S. E. ; Lakkala, K. ; Lander, M. A. ; Landsea, C. W. ; Lankhorst, M. ; Laurila, T. ; Lazzara, M. A. ; Lee, C. ; Leuliette, E. ; Levitus, S. ; L'Heureux, M. ; Lieser, J. ; Lin, II ; Liu, Y. Y. ; Liu, Y. ; Liu, H. X. ; Liu, Y. J. ; Lobato-Sanchez, R. ; Locarnini, R. ; Loeb, N. G. ; Loeng, H. ; Long, C. S. ; Lorrey, A. M. ; Luhunga, P. ; Lumpkin, R. ; Luo, J. J. ; Lyman, J. M. ; Macdonald, A. M. ; Maddux, B. C. ; Malekela, C. ; Manney, G. ; Marchenko, S. S. ; Marengo, J. A. ; Marotzke, J. ; Marra, J. J. ; Martinez-Guingla, R. ; Massom, R. A. ; Mathis, J. T. ; McBride, C. ; McCarthy, G. ; McVicar, T. R. ; Mears, C. ; Meier, W. ; Meinen, C. S. ; Menendez, M. ; Merrifield, M. A. ; Mitchard, E. ; Mitchum, G. T. ; Montzka, S. A. ; Morcrette, J. J. ; Mote, T. ; Muhle, J. ; Muhr, B. ; Mullan, A. B. ; Muller, R. ; Nash, E. R. ; Nerem, R. S. ; Newlin, M. L. ; Newman, P. A. ; Ng'ongolo, H. ; Nieto, J. J. ; Nishino, S. ; Nitsche, H. ; Noetzli, J. ; Oberman, N. G. ; Obregon, A. ; Ogallo, L. A. ; Oludhe, C. S. ; Omar, M. I. ; Overland, J. E. ; Oyunjargal, L. ; Parinussa, R. M. ; Park, G. H. ; Park, E. H. ; Parker, D. ; Pasch, R. J. ; Pascual-Ramirez, R. ; Pelto, M. S. ; Penalba, O. ; Peng, L. ; Perovich, D. K. ; Pezza, A. B. ; Phillips, D. ; Pickart, R. ; Pinty, B. ; Pitts, M. C. ; Purkey, S. G. ; Quegan, S. ; Quintana, J. ; Rabe, B. ; Rahimzadeh, F. ; Raholijao, N. ; Raiva, I. ; Rajeevan, M. ; Ramiandrisoa, V. ; Ramos, A. ; Ranivoarissoa, S. ; Rayner, N. A. ; Rayner, D. ; Razuveav, V. N. ; Reagan, J. ; Reid, P. ; Renwick, J. ; Revedekar, J. ; Richter-Menge, J. ; Rivera, I. L. ; Robinson, D. A. ; Rodell, M. ; Romanovsky, V. E. ; Ronchail, J. ; Rosenlof, K. H. ; Sabine, C. L. ; Salvador, M. A. ; Sanchez-Lugo, A. ; Santee, M. L. ; Sasgen, I. ; Sawaengphokhai, P. ; Sayouri, A. ; Scambos, T. A. ; Schauer, U. ; Schemm, J. ; Schlosser, P. ; Schmid, C. ; Schreck, C. ; Semiletov, I. ; Send, U. ; Sensoy, S. ; Setzer, A. ; Severinghaus, J. ; Shakhova, N. ; Sharp, M. ; Shiklomanov, N. I. ; Siegel, D. A. ; Silva, V. B. S. ; Silva, F. D. S. ; Sima, F. ; Simeonov, P. ; Simmonds, I. ; Simmons, A. ; Skansi, M. ; Smeed, D. A. ; Smethie, W. M. ; Smith, A. B. ; Smith, C. ; Smith, S. L. ; Smith, T. M. ; Sokolov, V. ; Srivastava, A. K. ; Stackhouse, P. W., Jr. ; Stammerjohn, S. ; Steele, M. ; Steffen, K. ; Steinbrecht, W. ; Stephenson, T. ; Su, J. ; Svendby, T. ; Sweet, W. ; Takahashi, T. ; Tanabe, R. M. ; Taylor, M. A. ; Tedesco, M. ; Teng, W. L. ; Thepaut, J. N. ; Thiaw, W. M. ; Thoman, R. ; Thompson, P. ; Thorne, P. W. ; Timmermans, M. L. ; Tobin, S. ; Toole, J. ; Trewin, B. C. ; Trigo, R. M. ; Trotman, A. ; Tschudi, M. ; van de Wal, R. S. W. ; Van der Werf, G. R. ; Vautard, R. ; Vazquez, J. L. ; Vieira, G. ; Vincent, L. ; Vose, R. S. ; Wagner, W. W. ; Wahr, J. ; Walsh, J. ; Wang, J. H. ; Wang, C. Z. ; Wang, M. ; Wang, S. H. ; Wang, L. ; Wanninkhof, R. ; Weaver, S. ; Weber, M. ; Werdell, P. J. ; Whitewood, R. ; Wijffels, S. ; Wilber, A. C. ; Wild, J. D. ; Willett, K. M. ; Williams, W. ; Willis, J. K. ; Wolken, G. ; Wong, T. ; Woodgate, R. ; Worthy, D. ; Wouters, B. ; Wovrosh, A. J. ; Xue, Y. ; Yamada, R. ; Yin, Z. G. ; Yu, L. S. ; Zhang, L. Y. ; Zhang, P. Q. ; Zhao, L. ; Zhao, J. ; Zhong, W. ; Ziemke, J. ; Zimmermann, S. Less ▲
-
Description:For the first time in several years, the El Nino-Southern Oscillation did not dominate regional climate conditions around the globe. A weak La Niña dissipated to ENSO-neutral conditions by spring, and while El Niño appeared to be emerging during summer, this phase never fully developed as sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific uncharacteristically returned to neutral conditions. Nevertheless, other large-scale climate patterns and extreme weather events impacted various regions during the year. A negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation from mid-January to early February contributed to frigid conditions in parts of northern Africa, eastern Europe, and western Asia. A lack of rain during the 2012 wet season led to the worst drought in at least the past three decades for northeastern Brazil. Central North America also experienced one of its most severe droughts on record. The Caribbean observed a very wet dry season and it was the Sahel’s wettest rainy season in 50 years.
-
Document Type:
-
Main Document Checksum:urn:sha256:0014fe5494355870aa450ed564be16d12423158126b31fae40dad21781e9bd47
-
Supporting Files:No Additional Files
Related Documents:
-
-
Personal Author:Halpert, M. S.; Ropelewski, C. F.; Kopman, J. D.; Angell, J. K.; Bell, G. D.; Garrett, D. R.; Gelman, G. E.; Janowiak, J. E.; Kousky, V. E.; Miller, A. J.; Miskus, D.; Tinker, R.; Christy, J. R.; Spencer, R. W.; Heim Jr., R. R.; Stowe, L. L.; Karl, T. R.; Laing, M.; Parker, D. E.; Reynolds, R. W.; Ji, M.; Leetmaa, A.; Jones, P. D.; Dutton, E.; Peterson, J.; Van den Dool, H. M.; Smith, T. M.; Schultz, P. A.; Sabol, P.; O'Lenic, E. A.; Long, C. S.; Churchill, R. H.; Chaplin, J. M.; Basist, A. N.; Doty, B. E.;Published:1993Series:State of the ClimateDescription:This report is designed to present a timely summary of recent observations of the global climate system and an early assessment and interpretation of the major climate anomalies of the past year. Our priority is to present the summary of data as soon...
-
Personal Author:Arndt, D. S.; Blunden, J.; Willett, K. M.;Published:2016Series:State of the ClimateDescription:In 2015, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all continued to reach new high levels. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the annual CO2 concentration increased by a record 3.1 ppm, exceedi...
-
Personal Author:Baringer, M. O.; Arndt, D. S.; Johnson, M. R.;Published:2010Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The year was characterized by a transition from a waning La Niña to a strengthening El Niño, which first developed in June. By December, SSTs were more than 2.0°C above average over large parts of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific. Eastwa...
-
Personal Author:Arguez, A.; Waple, A. M.; Sanchez-Lugo, A. M.;Published:2007Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The State of the Climate in 2006 report summarizes the year’s weather and climate conditions, both globally and regionally. In addition, the year is placed into a long-term climatological context. Furthermore, notable events are also discussed. Ove...
-
Personal Author:Levinson, D. H.Published:2005Series:State of the ClimateDescription:From a global perspective, the annual average surface temperature in 2004 was the fourth highest value observed since regular instrumental records began in 1880. Global surface air temperatures in 2004 were 0.44°C (0.79°F) above the 1961–90 mean,...
-
Personal Author:Halpert, M. S.; Ropelewski, C. F.; Kopman, J. D.; Angell, J. K.; Bell, G. D.; Garrett, D. R.; Gelman, G. E.; Hansen, J.; Kroczynski, S.; Morgan, A.; Janowiak, J. E.; Kousky, V. E.; Miller, A. J.; Miskus, D.; Tinker, R.; Christy, J. R.; Spencer, R. W.; Heim Jr., R. R.; Stowe, L. L.; Karl, T. R.; Laing, M.; Parker, D. E.; Reynolds, R. W.; Ji, M.; Leetmaa, A.; Jones, P. D.; Dutton, E.; Peterson, J.; Van den Dool, H. M.; Smith, T. M.; Robinson, D. A.; Gruza, G.; Nagtani, R.; Tans, P.; Schultz, P. A.; Sabol, P.; O'Lenic, E. A.; Long, C. S.; Churchill, R. H.; Chaplin, J. M.; Basist, A. N.; Doty, B. E.;Published:1994Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The possibility of long-term climate change continues to be a concern and focus for scientific investigations, development of government policy, and planning of commercial interests, especially in agriculture and water resources. However, the year-by...
-
Personal Author:Halpert, M. S.; Reitenbach, R.; Sterin, A.; Nelson, P.; Salstein, D.; Wright, W.; Ropelewski, C. F.; Kopman, J. D.; Angell, J. K.; Bell, G. D.; Garrett, D. R.; Gelman, G. E.; Hansen, J.; Kroczynski, S.; Andrews, G.; Harrison, J.; Conway, T.; Dlugokencky, E.; Masarie, K.; Gray, W.; Rosenhagen, G.; Cullum, D.; Morgan, A.; Folland, C.; O'Donnell, M.; Brown, W.; Janowiak, J. E.; Kousky, V. E.; Miller, A. J.; Miskus, D.; Tinker, R.; Christy, J. R.; Spencer, R. W.; Heim Jr., R. R.; Stowe, L. L.; Karl, T. R.; Laing, M.; Parker, D. E.; Reynolds, R. W.; Ji, M.; Leetmaa, A.; Jones, P. D.; Dutton, E.; Peterson, J.; Van den Dool, H. M.; Smith, T. M.; Robinson, D. A.; Gruza, G.; Nagtani, R.; Tans, P.; Schultz, P. A.; Sabol, P.; O'Lenic, E. A.; Long, C. S.; Churchill, R. H.; Chaplin, J. M.; Basist, A. N.; Doty, B. E.;Published:1995Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The possibility of long-term climate change continues to be a concern and focus for scientific investigations and for the development of government policies and international agreements. However, for commercial interests, especially in agriculture an...
-
Personal Author:Bell, G. D.; Halpert, M. S.; Ropelewski, C. F.; Kousky, V. E.; Douglas, A. V.; Schnell, R. C.; Gelman, M. E.;Published:1999Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The global climate during 1998 was affected by opposite extremes of the ENSO cycle, with one of the strongest Pacific warm episodes (El Niño) in the historical record continuing during January–early May and Pacific cold episode (La Niña) conditio...
-
Personal Author:Halpert, M. S.; Ropelewski, C. F.; Kopman, J. D.; Angell, J. K.; Bell, G. D.; Garrett, D. R.; Gelman, G. E.; Janowiak, J. E.; Kousky, V. E.; Miller, A. J.; Miskus, D.; Sabol, P.; Tinker, R.; Christy, J. R.; Spencer, R. W.; Heim Jr., R. R.; Stowe, L. L.;Published:1992Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The purpose of this report is to present a technical resource which can be used to address questions concerning changes to the global climate system.
-
Personal Author:Bell, G. D.; Halpert, M. S.;Published:1998Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The global climate during 1997 was affected by both extremes of the El NiÒoñSouthern Oscillation (ENSO), with weak Pacific cold episode conditions prevailing during January and February, and one of the strongest Pacific warm episodes (El NiÒo) in ...
-
Personal Author:Bell, G. D.; Halpert, M. S.; Schnell, R. C.; Higgins, R. W.; Lawrimore, J.; Kousky, V. E.; Tinker, R.; Thiaw, W. M.; Chelliah, M.; Artusa, A.;Published:2000Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The global climate during 1999 was impacted by Pacific cold episode (La Niña) conditions throughout the year, which resulted in regional precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns across the Pacific Ocean and the Americas that are generally ...
-
Personal Author:Halpert, M. S.; Bell, G. D.;Published:1997Series:State of the ClimateDescription:The climate of 1996 can be characterized by several phenomena that reflect substantial deviations from the mean state of the atmosphere persisting from months to seasons. First, mature cold-episode conditions persisted across the tropical Pacific fro...
-
Personal Author:Waple, A. M.; Lawrimore, J. H.; Halpert, M. S.; Bell, G. D.; Higgins, W.; Lyon, B.; Menne, M. J.; Gleason, K. L.; Schnell, R. C.; Christy, J. R.; Thiaw, W. M.; Wright, W. J.; Salinger, M. J.; Alexander, L.; Stone, R. S.; Camargo, S. J.;Published:2002Series:State of the ClimateDescription:Global temperatures in 2001 were 0.51°C (0.92°F) above the long-term (1880–2000) average, which places 2001 as the second warmest year in the 122-year instrumental record. Land temperatures were 0.75°C (1.35°F) above average and ocean temperatu...
-