State of the Geomagnetic Field 2025

doi:10.25923/2gcf-s393

i

State of the Geomagnetic Field 2025

2025

Details

Alternative Title:

December 2025 State of the Geomagnetic Field
Corporate Authors:

National Centers for Environmental Information (U.S.) ; British Geological Survey
NOAA Program & Office:

NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; NCEI (National Centers for Environmental Information) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)
Description:

This report reviews the performance of the latest WMM and WMMHR, released in December 2024 and referred to as WMM2025 and WMMHR2025. It also verifies that they continue to meet specification MIL-PRF-89500B (U.S. Department of Defense, 2019) as of January 1, 2026 (hereafter 2026.0; the same convention applies to other years), and provides an assessment of their secular variation after one year. This is the first such assessment of WMM2025 and WMMHR2025. In addition, this report reviews the five-year performance of the previous WMM, released in December 2019 and referred to as WMM2020. The most recent assessment of WMM2020 was conducted in December 2023 (NCEI & BGS, 2023). This report also describes notable changes in the Earth’s main magnetic field since WMM2025 and WMMHR2025’s release, including continued magnetic pole drift and the further deepening of the South Atlantic Anomaly in the geomagnetic field intensity. A separate section summarizes solar cycle progression and estimates the effects on WMM performance during magnetic storms.
Keywords:

Forecasting Geomagnetism Mathematical Models Research Mathematical Models
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25923/2gcf-s393
Format:

pdf
Document Type:

Non-series Report
License:

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Rights Information:

CC0 Public Domain
Compliance:

Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

urn:sha-512:9c28cd3d62dabdfb223ae38c3486f819e6e6c8b3ebbaef122d1b737fb283d795e4b038719b57a5b798ab44af1c43417579414cf8b3a951b3044e315d005ae2b7
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/72269/noaa_72269_DS1.pdf
File Type:

[PDF - 5.31 MB ]

ON THIS PAGE

Details

The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.