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Vessel strike mitigation lessons from direct observations involving two collisions between noncommercial vessels and North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis)
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2016
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Source: Marine Mammal Science, 32(4), 1501-1509
[PDF-184.80 KB]
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Journal Title:Marine Mammal Science
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Description:Vessels can lethally strike whales and such strikes constitute a world-wide threat to large whales (Laist et al. 2001, Jensen and Silber 2003, Van Waerebeek et al. 2007). The threat is most serious for North Atlantic right whales (right whales hereafter), an endangered species with ~526 animals estimated alive in 2014 (Pettis and Hamilton 2015). On a per capita basis, right whales are the species most vulnerable to strikes (Vanderlaan and Taggart 2007) and vessel strikes are a major constraint to right whale recovery (Kraus et al. 2005, National Marine Fisheries Service 2005). Factors suspected of contributing to the vulnerability of right whales to strike include large (~15 m, 63,500 kg) body size, slow mean swim speed (≤1.9 km/h) (Hain et al. 2013) and (3.5 km/h) (Mate et al. 1997), buoyant body (Nowacek 2001), use of coastal habitats with high volume shipping (Ward-Gieger et al. 2005), a tendency to feed close to the surface in some areas (Mayo and Marx 1990, Parks et al. 2011), and the need to breath at the surface.
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Source:Marine Mammal Science, 32(4), 1501-1509
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ISSN:0824-0469;1748-7692;
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Rights Information:Accepted Manuscript
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Compliance:Library
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