Advances in Ionospheric Space Weather by Using FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 GNSS Radio Occultations

Liu, Jann-Yenq; Lin, Chien-Hung; Rajesh, Panthalingal Krishnanunni; Lin, Chi-Yen; Chang, Fu-Yuan; Lee, I-Te; Fang, Tzu-Wei; Fuller-Rowell, Dominic; Chen, Shih-Ping

doi:10.3390/atmos13060858

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Advances in Ionospheric Space Weather by Using FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 GNSS Radio Occultations

2022
By Liu, Jann-Yenq ; Lin, Chien-Hung ; Rajesh, Panthalingal Krishnanunni ; ...
Source: Atmosphere, 13(6), 858

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Journal Title:

Atmosphere
Personal Author:

Liu, Jann-Yenq ; Lin, Chien-Hung ; Rajesh, Panthalingal Krishnanunni ; Lin, Chi-Yen ; Chang, Fu-Yuan ; ... More +

Liu, Jann-Yenq ; Lin, Chien-Hung ; Rajesh, Panthalingal Krishnanunni ; Lin, Chi-Yen ; Chang, Fu-Yuan ; Lee, I-Te ; Fang, Tzu-Wei ; Fuller-Rowell, Dominic ; Chen, Shih-Ping Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences) ; NWS (National Weather Service) ; SWPC (Space Weather Prediction Center)

CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences) ; NWS (National Weather Service) ; SWPC (Space Weather Prediction Center) Less -
Description:

This paper provides an overview of the contributions of the space-based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) measurements from the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC2 (F7/C2) mission in advancing our understanding of ionospheric plasma physics in the purview of space weather. The global positioning system (GPS) occultation experiment (GOX) onboard FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C), with more than four and half million ionospheric RO soundings during April 2006–May 2020, offered a unique three-dimensional (3D) perspective to examine the global electron density distribution and unravel the underlying physical processes. The current F7/C2 carries TGRS (Tri-GNSS radio occultation system) has tracked more than 4000 RO profiles within ±35° latitudes per day since 25 June 2019. Taking advantage of the larger number of low-latitude soundings, the F7/C2 TGRS observations were used here to examine the 3D electron density structures and electrodynamics of the equatorial ionization anomaly, plasma depletion bays, and four-peaked patterns, as well as the S4 index of GNSS signal scintillations in the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere, which have been previously investigated by using F3/C measurements. The results demonstrated that the denser low-latitude soundings enable the construction of monthly global electron density maps as well the altitude-latitude profiles with higher spatial and temporal resolution windows, and revealed longitudinal and seasonal characteristics in greater detail. The enhanced F7/C2 RO observations were further applied by the Central Weather Bureau/Space Weather Operation Office (CWB/SWOO) in Taiwan and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Space Weather Prediction Center (NOAA/SWPC) in the United States to specify the ionospheric conditions for issuing alerts and warnings for positioning, navigation, and communication customers. A brief description of the two models is also provided.
Keywords:

[+]

Atmospheric Science Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Source:

Atmosphere, 13(6), 858
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060858
ISSN:

2073-4433
Format:

PDF
Publisher:

MDPI AG
Document Type:

Journal Article
License:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Rights Information:

CC BY
Compliance:

Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

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urn:sha256:76d5792973a88a62bc8fb37622bc0c486f17cd30ad7699825c34fa60c5e91b79
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/51960/noaa_51960_DS1.pdf
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