Investigation Into the Potential Value of Stratospheric Balloon Winds Assimilated in NOAA's Finite‐Volume Cubed‐Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS)

Lukens, Katherine E.; Ide, Kayo; Garrett, Kevin

doi:10.1029/2022JD037526

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Investigation Into the Potential Value of Stratospheric Balloon Winds Assimilated in NOAA's Finite‐Volume Cubed‐Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS)

2023
By Lukens, Katherine E. ; Ide, Kayo ; Garrett, Kevin
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128(3)

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Journal Title:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Personal Author:

Lukens, Katherine E. ; Ide, Kayo ; Garrett, Kevin

Lukens, Katherine E. ; Ide, Kayo ; Garrett, Kevin Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; CISESS (Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies) ; STAR (Center for Satellite Applications and Research)

NESDIS (National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service) ; CISESS (Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies) ; STAR (Center for Satellite Applications and Research) Less -
Description:

Near-space balloon networks have the potential to improve numerical weather prediction (NWP) through data assimilation (DA) by providing in situ observations in an otherwise data-sparse stratosphere. This study investigates the prospective value of stratospheric balloon winds to NOAA NWP by examining Loon data quality and conducting a 2-month observing system experiment (OSE) using NOAA's Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere Global Forecast System. During the study period (December 2018–January 2019), Loon winds show good correspondence to collocated rawinsonde (RAOBS) winds, while a considerable difference in tropical stratospheric winds is observed between NOAA and ECMWF operational analyses. The OSE, one run with Loon winds assimilated and another without, suggests that additional stratospheric wind observations can improve NWP. Loon wind assimilation acts to decelerate the strong tropical easterly stratospheric jet west of where Loon winds are observed while accelerating less intense subtropical easterly motions. Differences in observation-minus-background statistics between the two runs reveal that the backgrounds for Loon winds and RAOBS winds and temperatures improve when Loon winds are assimilated. This positively impacts short-term forecasts of the lower stratospheric circulation during the study period. Additionally, Loon wind assimilation improves the tropical stratospheric response to the 2019 New Year sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event by significantly reducing the short-term forecast error following the SSW. The findings emphasize the value of stratospheric winds toward improving global NWP, and imply the importance of including near-space observing systems in the Earth-observing architecture.
Keywords:

[+]

Atmospheric Science Earth And Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geophysics Space And Planetary Science
Source:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128(3)
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD037526
ISSN:

2169-897X;2169-8996;
Format:

PDF
Publisher:

American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Document Type:

Journal Article
Funding:

Grant no. NA14NES4320003 ; Grant no. NA19NES4320002

Grant no. NA14NES4320003 ; Grant no. NA19NES4320002 Less -
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Other
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Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

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urn:sha256:33cb4e61d586c64eebd1205ff4d5c9fd2b4e8770baeb44a9e58ed3c45d01c846
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/50088/noaa_50088_DS1.pdf
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Investigation Into the Potential Value of Stratospheric Balloon Winds Assimilated in NOAA's Finite‐Volume Cubed‐Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS)

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