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A DEFT Way to Forecast Solar Flares



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  • Journal Title:
    The Astrophysical Journal
  • Personal Author:
  • NOAA Program & Office:
  • Description:
    Solar flares have been linked to some of the most significant space weather hazards at Earth. These hazards, including radio blackouts and energetic particle events, can start just minutes after the flare onset. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify and predict flare events. In this paper we introduce the Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool, which allows us to identify flare signatures and their precursors using high spatial and temporal resolution extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) solar observations. The unique advantage of DEFT is its ability to identify small but significant EUV intensity changes that may lead to solar eruptions. Furthermore, the tool can identify the location of the disturbances and distinguish events occurring at the same time in multiple locations. The algorithm analyzes high temporal cadence observations obtained from the Solar Ultraviolet Imager instrument aboard the GOES-R satellite. In a study of 61 flares of various magnitudes observed in 2017, the "main" EUV flare signatures (those closest in time to the X-ray start time) were identified on average 6 minutes early. The "precursor" EUV signatures (second-closest EUV signatures to the X-ray start time) appeared on average 14 minutes early. Our next goal is to develop an operational version of DEFT and to simulate and test its real-time use. A fully operational DEFT has the potential to significantly improve space weather forecast times.
  • Keywords:
  • Source:
    The Astrophysical Journal, 922:218
  • DOI:
  • Format:
    PDF
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Rights Information:
    Accepted Manuscript
  • Rights Statement:
    The NOAA IR provides access to this content under the authority of the government's retained license to distribute publications and data resulting from federal funding. While users may legally access this content, the copyright owners retain rights that govern the reproduction, redistribution, and re-use of this work. The user is solely responsible for complying with applicable copyright law.
  • Compliance:
    Submitted
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:ad23c9252b296325a28e85469e4f207bbc8e51fa8c498075abfc4a2629f7c470cf682ecbd87395c904c6ab2e4ccd7aa6c71202bed8215cdb3e0221c46097abeb
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  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 1.33 MB ]
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