Impacts of Vertical Nonuniform Beam Filling on the Observability of Secondary Ice Production due to Sublimation

Carlin, J. T.; Dunnavan, E. L.; Ryzhkov, A. V.; Oue, M.

doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-22-0076.1

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Impacts of Vertical Nonuniform Beam Filling on the Observability of Secondary Ice Production due to Sublimation

2023
By Carlin, J. T. ; Dunnavan, E. L. ; Ryzhkov, A. V. ; ...
Source: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 40(1), 65-84

[PDF-4.39 MB]

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Journal Title:

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
Personal Author:

Carlin, J. T. ; Dunnavan, E. L. ; Ryzhkov, A. V. ; Oue, M.

Carlin, J. T. ; Dunnavan, E. L. ; Ryzhkov, A. V. ; Oue, M. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) ; CIWRO (Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) ; CIWRO (Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations) Less -
Description:

Quasi-vertical profiles (QVPs) of polarimetric radar data have emerged as a powerful tool for studying precipitation microphysics. Various studies have found enhancements in specific differential phase K dp in regions of suspected secondary ice production (SIP) due to rime splintering. Similar K dp enhancements have also been found in regions of sublimating snow, another proposed SIP process. This work explores these K dp signatures for two cases of sublimating snow using nearly collocated S- and Ka-band radars. The presence of the signature was inconsistent between the radars, prompting exploration of alternative causes. Idealized simulations are performed using a radar beam-broadening model to explore the impact of nonuniform beam filling (NBF) on the observed reflectivity Z and K dp within the sublimation layer. Rather than an intrinsic increase in ice concentration, the observed K dp enhancements can instead be explained by NBF in the presence of sharp vertical gradients of Z and K dp within the sublimation zone, which results in a K dp bias dipole. The severity of the bias is sensitive to the Z gradient and radar beamwidth and elevation angle, which explains its appearance at only one radar. In addition, differences in scanning strategies and range thresholds during QVP processing can constructively enhance these positive K dp biases by excluding the negative portion of the dipole. These results highlight the need to consider NBF effects in regions not traditionally considered (e.g., in pure snow) due to the increased K dp fidelity afforded by QVPs and the subsequent ramifications this has on the observability of sublimational SIP.
Keywords:

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Clouds Radar Snow Sublimation (Chemistry) Cloud Microphysics Idealized Models Radar Observations Secondary Ice Production
Source:

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 40(1), 65-84
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-22-0076.1
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Journal Article
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urn:sha256:56801a1bada11d22ad0876641d2177252ca4dab4b33eea46b9c3c87db8b28a35
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Impacts of Vertical Nonuniform Beam Filling on the Observability of Secondary Ice Production due to Sublimation

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