Radar Retrieval Evaluation and Investigation of Dendritic Growth Layer Polarimetric Signatures in a Winter Storm

Dunnavan, Edwin L.; Carlin, Jacob T.; Hu, Jiaxi; Bukovčić, Petar; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; McFarquhar, Greg M.; Finlon, Joseph A.; Matrosov, Sergey Y.; Delene, David J.

doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0220.1

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Radar Retrieval Evaluation and Investigation of Dendritic Growth Layer Polarimetric Signatures in a Winter Storm

2022
By Dunnavan, Edwin L. ; Carlin, Jacob T. ; Hu, Jiaxi ; ...
Source: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 61(11), 1679-1705

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Journal Title:

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
Personal Author:

Dunnavan, Edwin L. ; Carlin, Jacob T. ; Hu, Jiaxi ; Bukovčić, Petar ; Ryzhkov, Alexander V. ; ... More +

Dunnavan, Edwin L. ; Carlin, Jacob T. ; Hu, Jiaxi ; Bukovčić, Petar ; Ryzhkov, Alexander V. ; McFarquhar, Greg M. ; Finlon, Joseph A. ; Matrosov, Sergey Y. ; Delene, David J. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) ; PSL (Physical Sciences Laboratory) ; CIWRO (Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) ; PSL (Physical Sciences Laboratory) ; CIWRO (Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences) Less -
Description:

This study evaluates ice particle size distribution and aspect ratio φ Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) dual-polarization radar retrievals through a direct comparison with two legs of observational aircraft data obtained during a winter storm case from the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) campaign. In situ cloud probes, satellite, and MRMS observations illustrate that the often-observed Kdp and ZDR enhancement regions in the dendritic growth layer can either indicate a local number concentration increase of dry ice particles or the presence of ice particles mixed with a significant number of supercooled liquid droplets. Relative to in situ measurements, MRMS retrievals on average underestimated mean volume diameters by 50% and overestimated number concentrations by over 100%. IWC retrievals using ZDR and Kdp within the dendritic growth layer were minimally biased relative to in situ calculations where retrievals yielded −2% median relative error for the entire aircraft leg. Incorporating φ retrievals decreased both the magnitude and spread of polarimetric retrievals below the dendritic growth layer. While φ radar retrievals suggest that observed dendritic growth layer particles were nonspherical (0.1 ≤ φ ≤ 0.2), in situ projected aspect ratios, idealized numerical simulations, and habit classifications from cloud probe images suggest that the population mean φ was generally much higher. Coordinated aircraft radar reflectivity with in situ observations suggests that the MRMS systematically underestimated reflectivity and could not resolve local peaks in mean volume diameter sizes. These results highlight the need to consider particle assumptions and radar limitations when performing retrievals.
Keywords:

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Atmosphere Clouds Radar Snow In Situ Atmospheric Observations Radar Observations Snowfall Stratiform Clouds
Source:

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 61(11), 1679-1705
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0220.1
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Journal Article
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urn:sha256:837fcf87640f85efcfe891757c35648ed639a98aaaa96f341c3a42513e2600cc
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/47471/noaa_47471_DS1.pdf
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Radar Retrieval Evaluation and Investigation of Dendritic Growth Layer Polarimetric Signatures in a Winter Storm

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