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Chemical ecology and distribution of sponges in Salt River Canyon, St. Croix, U.S.V.I
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1984
[PDF-9.92 MB]
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Description:"The purpose of mission 83-3 was threefold: 1. Chemical ecology studies 2. Distribution and abundance studies 3. Histocompatabi1ity studies For the chemical ecology studies an in situ chemical sampling apparatus was built to detect organic chemicals in the water surrounding six sponge species: Haliclona rubens, Ectyoplasia ferox, Iricinia strobi1 i na, Agelas conifera, Plakortis zygompha and Xestospongia muta. Organic compounds were detected from water surrounding all six species. However, only compounds from water surrounding H_. rubens and P_. zygompha indicated a possible match with metabolites actually extracted from the sponges. In an assay testing for bleaching/necrosis of the deep water scleractinian Agaricia lamarcki when in direct contact with sponge tissue, P_. zygompha caused the most dramatic effect. Organic extracts from P_. zygompha which were coated onto synthetic sponges and placed in direct contact with a coral also caused a bleaching/necrotic effect. Distribution and abundance studies sampled sponges along three transects, each in a distinct reef zone. Seventy five sponge species were recorded in the 60 m2 sampled. The average percent surface area covered per transect was 20-30%. Hi stocompatabi1ity studies were carried out using a recently developed histocompatabi1ity bioassay of clonal identity to determine the extent of phenotypic variation within natural clones of the marine sponge Aplysina cauliformis. A genetic basis is suggested for a polymorphism of A. caul i - formis"
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Rights Information:CC0 Public Domain
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