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The Global Ocean Water Cycle in Atmospheric Reanalysis, Satellite, and Ocean Salinity
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2017
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Source: Journal of Climate, 30(10), 3829-3852.
[PDF-3.82 MB]
Details:
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Journal Title:Journal of Climate
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Personal Author:
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Corporate Authors:United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research ; Earth System Research Laboratory (U.S.) ; Physical Sciences Laboratory (U.S.) ; Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections Program (U.S.) ; United States. National Weather Service. ; ... More +
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NOAA Program & Office:
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Description:This study provides an assessment of the uncertainty in ocean surface (OS) freshwater budgets and variability using evaporation E and precipitation P from 10 atmospheric reanalyses, two combined satellite-based E − P products, and two observation-based salinity products. Three issues are examined: the uncertainty level in the OS freshwater budget in atmospheric reanalyses, the uncertainty structure and association with the global ocean wet/dry zones, and the potential of salinity in ascribing the uncertainty in E − P. The products agree on the global mean pattern but differ considerably in magnitude. The OS freshwater budgets are 129 ± 10 (8%) cm yr−1 for E, 118 ± 11 (9%) cm yr−1 for P, and 11 ± 4 (36%) cm yr−1 for E − P, where the mean and error represent the ensemble mean and one standard deviation of the ensemble spread. The E − P uncertainty exceeds the uncertainty in E and P by a factor of 4 or more. The large uncertainty is attributed to P in the tropical wet zone. Most reanalyses tend to produce a wider tropical rainband when compared to satellite products, with the exception of two recent reanalyses that implement an observation-based correction for the model-generated P over land. The disparity in the width and the extent of seasonal migrations of the tropical wet zone causes a large spread in P, implying that the tropical moist physics and the realism of tropical rainfall remain a key challenge. Satellite salinity appears feasible to evaluate the fidelity of E − P variability in three tropical areas, where the uncertainty diagnosis has a global indication.
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Source:Journal of Climate, 30(10), 3829-3852.
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Rights Information:Other
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