To provide insight into the planetary boundary layer (PBL) production of ozone (O3) over the North China Plain, the Air chemistry Research in Asia (ARIAs) campaign conducted aircraft measurements of air pollutants over Hebei Province, China, between May and June 2016. We evaluate vertical profiles of trace gas species including O3, nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and relate to rates of O3 production. This analysis shows measured O3 levels ranged from 45 to 146 ppbv, with the peak median concentration (∼ 92 ppbv) occurring between 1000 and 1500 m. The NOx concentrations exhibited strong spatial and altitudinal variations, with a maximum of 53 ppbv. Ratios of CO∕CO2 indicate the prevalence of low-efficiency combustion from biomass burning and residential coal burning but indicate some success of regional pollution controls compared to earlier studies in China. Concentrations of total measured VOCs reveal alkanes dominate the total measured volume mixing ratio of VOCs (68 %), and sources include vehicular emissions, fuel and solvent evaporation, and biomass burning. Alkanes and alkenes/alkynes are responsible for 74 % of the total VOC reactivity assessed by calculating the OH loss rates, while aromatics contribute the most to the total ozone formation potential (OFP) (43 %) with toluene, m/p-xylene, ethylene, propylene, and i-pentane playing significant roles in the aloft production of O3 in this region. In the PBL below 500 m, box model calculations constrained by measured precursors indicate the peak rate of mean O3 production was ∼ 7 ppbv h−1. Pollution frequently extended above the PBL into the lower free troposphere around 3000 m, where NO2 mixing ratios (∼ 400 pptv) led to net production rates of O3 up to ∼ 3 ppbv h−1; this pollution can travel substantial distances downwind. The O3 sensitivity regime is determined to be NOx-limited throughout the PBL, whereas it is more VOC-limited at low altitudes near urban centers, demonstrating that control of both VOCs and NOx is needed to reduce aloft O3 pollution over Hebei
An exceptionally large, hermatypic colony of Porites sp. has been identified and measured at Ta’u, American Samoa. This coral was measured in November 2019 as part of an effort to catalogue all large (≥ 2 m diameter) Porites colonies around Ta...
Barnhart, K. R.; Glade, R. C.; Shobe, C. M.; Tucker, G. E.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Geoscientific Model Development, 12(4),1267-1297
Description:
Models of landscape evolution provide insight into the geomorphic history of specific field areas, create testable predictions of landform development, demonstrate the consequences of current geomorphic process theory, and spark imagination through h...
Bastida, F.; García, C.; Fierer, N.; Eldridge, D. J.; Bowker, M. A.; Abades, S.; Alfaro, F. D.; Asefaw Berhe, A.; Cutler, N. A.; Gallardo, A.; García-Velázquez, L.; Hart, S. C.; Hayes, P. E.; Hernández, T.; Hseu, Z.-Y.; Jehmlich, N.; Kirchmair, M.; Lambers, H.; Neuhauser, S.; Peña-Ramírez, V. M.; Pérez, C. A.; Reed, S. C.; Santos, F.; Siebe, C.; Sullivan, B. W.; Trivedi, P.; Vera, A.; Williams, M. A.; Luis Moreno, J.; Delgado-Baquerizo, M.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Nature Communications, 10(1)
Description:
Identifying the global drivers of soil priming is essential to understanding C cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. We conducted a survey of soils across 86 globally-distributed locations, spanning a wide range of climates, biotic communities, and soil...
Banwell, A. F.; Willis, I. C.; Macdonald, G. J.; Goodsell, B.; MacAyeal, D. R.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Nature Communications, 10(1)
Description:
Global sea-level rise is caused, in part, by more rapid ice discharge from Antarctica, following the removal of the restraining forces of floating ice-shelves after their break-up. A trigger of ice-shelf break-up is thought to be stress variations as...
Honours and awards bestowed by professional societies recognize and reward members who have advanced the goals and values of that society. All too often, however, awards reflect a small network of people who know about the awards and participate in t...
Xian, P.; Klotzbach, P. J.; Dunion, J. P.; Janiga, M. A.; Reid, J. S.; Colarco, P. R.; Kipling, Z.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20(23)
Description:
Previous studies have noted a relationship between African dust and Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity. However, due to the limitations of past dust analyses, the strength of this relationship remains uncertain. The emergence of aerosol reanalys...
Friedlingstein, P.; O'Sullivan, M.; Jones, M. W.; Andrew, R. M.; Hauck, J.; Olsen, A.; Peters, G. P.; Peters, W.; Pongratz, J.; Sitch, S.; Le Quéré, C.; Canadell, J. G.; Ciais, P.; Jackson, R. B.; Alin, S.; Aragão, L. E. O. C.; Arneth, A.; Arora, V.; Bates, N. R.; Becker, M.; Benoit-Cattin, A.; Bittig, H. C.; Bopp, L.; Bultan, S.; Chandra, N.; Chevallier, F.; Chini, L. P.; Evans, W.; Florentie, L.; Forster, P. M.; Gasser, T.; Gehlen, M.; Gilfillan, D.; Gkritzalis, T.; Gregor, L.; Gruber, N.; Harris, I.; Hartung, K.; Haverd, V.; Houghton, R. A.; Ilyina, T.; Jain, A. K.; Joetzjer, E.; Kadono, K.; Kato, E.; Kitidis, V.; Korsbakken, J. I.; Landschützer, P.; Lefèvre, N.; Lenton, A.; Lienert, S.; Liu, Z.; Lombardozzi, D.; Marland, G.; Metzl, N.; Munro, D. R.; Nabel, J. E. M. S.; Nakaoka, S. I.; Niwa, Y.; O'Brien, K.; Ono, T.; Palmer, P. I.; Pierrot, D.; Poulter, B.; Resplandy, L.; Robertson, E.; Rödenbeck, C.; Schwinger, J.; Séférian, R.; Skjelvan, I.; Smith, A. J. P.; Sutton, A. J.; Tanhua, T.; Tans, P. P.; Tian, H.; Tilbrook, B.; van der Werf, G.; Vuichard, N.; Walker, A. P.; Wanninkhof, R.; Watson, A. J.; Willis, D.; Wiltshire, A. J.; Yuan, W.; Yue, X.; Zaehle, S.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Earth System Science Data, 12(4)
Description:
Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate – the “global carbon budget” – is important to better understand the glo...
Gaubert, B.; Emmons, L. K.; Raeder, K.; Tilmes, S.; Miyazaki, K.; Arellano Jr, A. F.; Elguindi, N.; Granier, C.; Tang, W.; Barré, J.; Worden, H. M.; Buchholz, R. R.; Edwards, D. P.; Franke, P.; Anderson, J. L.; Saunois, M.; Schroeder, J.; Woo, J. H.; Simpson, I. J.; Blake, D. R.; Meinardi, S.; Wennberg, P. O.; Crounse, J.; Teng, A.; Kim, M.; Dickerson, R. R.; He, H.; Ren, X.; Pusede, S. E.; Diskin, G. S.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20(23), 14617-14647
Description:
Global coupled chemistry–climate models underestimate carbon monoxide (CO) in the Northern Hemisphere, exhibiting a pervasive negative bias against measurements peaking in late winter and early spring. While this bias has been commonly attributed t...
Runkle, J.ennifer; Svendsen, E. R.; Hamann, M.; Kwok, R. K.; Pearce, J.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Current Environmental Health Reports, 5(4), 439-452
Description:
Recent changes in our planetary climate have and will continue to challenge historical knowledge and risk assumptions for weather-related disasters. While the public health community is rapidly working to develop epidemiological approaches and tools ...
Lu, F.; Harrison, M. J.; Rosati, A.; Delworth, T. L.; Yang, X.; Cooke, W. F.; Jia, L.; McHugh, C.; Johnson, N. C.; Bushuk, M.; Zhang, Y.; Adcroft, A.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(12)
Description:
The next-generation seasonal prediction system is built as part of the Seamless System for Prediction and EArth System Research (SPEAR) at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)....
Shao, A. E.; Adcroft, A.; Hallberg, R.; Griffies, S.M.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 12(12)
Description:
We present a neutral diffusion operator appropriate for an ocean model making use of general vertical coordinates. The diffusion scheme uses polynomial reconstructions in the vertical, along with a horizontally local but vertically nonlocal stencil f...
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 20(23), 14787-14800
Description:
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mitigation relies strongly on anthropogenic emission control measures, the actual effectiveness of which is challenging to pinpoint owing to the complex synergies between anthropogenic emissions and meteorology...
McDaniel, Elizabeth A.; Peterson, Benjamin D.; Stevens, Sarah L. R.; Tran, Patricia Q.; Anantharaman, Karthik; McMahon, Katherine D.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
mSystems. 2020 Jul-Aug; 5(4): e00299-20.
Description:
Methylmercury is a potent bioaccumulating neurotoxin that is produced by specific microorganisms that methylate inorganic mercury. Methylmercury production in diverse anaerobic bacteria and archaea was recently linked to the hgcAB genes. However, the...
Choudoir, M; Rossabi, S; Gebert, M; Helmig, D; Fierer, N;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
mSystems 4:e00295-18.
Description:
Soil microbes produce an immense diversity of metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can shape the structure and function of microbial communities. VOCs mediate a multitude of microbe-microbe interactions, including antagonis...
We apply a high-resolution chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem CTM) with updated treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and a comprehensive suite of airborne datasets over North America to (i) characterize the VOC budget and (ii) test the abi...
Asher, E.; Hornbrook, R. S.; Stephens, B. B.; Kinnison, D.; Morgan, E. J.; Keeling, R. F.; Atlas, E. L.; Schauffler, S. M.; Tilmes, S.; Kort, E. A.; Hoecker-Martínez, M. S.; Long, M. C.; Lamarque, J. F.; Saiz-Lopez, A.; McKain, K.; Sweeney, C.; Hills, A. J.; Apel, E. C.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 19(22), 14071-14090
Description:
Fluxes of halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) over the Southern Ocean remain poorly understood, and few atmospheric measurements exist to constrain modeled emissions of these compounds. We present observations of CHBr3, CH2Br2, CH3I, CHClBr...
Livingston, Gerry; Homziak, Jurij; Artz, Richard S.;
Corporate Authors:
National Sea Grant College Program (U.S.). Air Resources Laboratory (U.S.). Lake Champlain Sea Grant.
Published Date:
2004
Series:
"Lake Champlain Sea Grant publication No. LCSG 04-001"--CD-ROM cover
Description:
"A framework for a five-year strategic research plan (2004 - 2009) is presented that addresses atmospheric deposition issues in the Lake Champlain basin in the context of known and anticipated funding opportunities. ... The overall goal of this resea...
Oltmans, S. J.; Cheadle, L. C.; Johnson, B. J.; Schnell, R. C.; Helmig, D.; Thompson, A. M.; Cullis, P.; Hall, E.; Jordan, A.; Sterling, C.; McClure-Begley, A.; Sullivan, J.; McGee, T. J.; Wolfe, D.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Elem Sci Anth, 7(1), p.6.
Description:
Data from ground-based ozone (O3) vertical profiling platforms operated during the FRAPPE/DISCOVER-AQ campaigns in summer 2014 were used to characterize key processes responsible for establishing O3 profile development in the boundary layer in the No...
File Type:
[PDF - 8.72 MB]
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