Characterization of Moist Processes Associated With Changes in the Propagation of the MJO With Increasing CO2

Adames, Ángel F.; Kim, Daehyun; Sobel, Adam H.; Del Genio, Anthony; Wu, Jingbo

doi:10.1002/2017MS001040

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Characterization of Moist Processes Associated With Changes in the Propagation of the MJO With Increasing CO2

2017
By Adames, Ángel F. ; Kim, Daehyun ; Sobel, Adam H. ; ...
Source: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 9(8), 2946-2967, 2017

[PDF-2.45 MB]

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Journal Title:

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Personal Author:

Adames, Ángel F. ; Kim, Daehyun ; Sobel, Adam H. ; Del Genio, Anthony ; Wu, Jingbo

Adames, Ángel F. ; Kim, Daehyun ; Sobel, Adam H. ; Del Genio, Anthony ; Wu, Jingbo Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory) Less -
Description:

The processes that lead to changes in the propagation and maintenance of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) as a response to increasing CO2 are examined by analyzing moist static energy budget of the MJO in a series of NASA GISS model simulations. It is found changes in MJO propagation is dominated by several key processes. Horizontal moisture advection, a key process for MJO propagation, is found to enhance predominantly due to an increase in the mean horizontal moisture gradients. The terms that determine the strength of the advecting wind anomalies, the MJO horizontal scale and the dry static stability, are found to exhibit opposing trends that largely cancel out. Furthermore, reduced sensitivity of precipitation to changes in column moisture, i.e., a lengthening in the convective moisture adjustment time scale, also opposes enhanced propagation. The dispersion relationship of Adames and Kim, which accounts for all these processes, predicts an acceleration of the MJO at a rate of ∼3.5% K−1, which is consistent with the actual phase speed changes in the simulation. For the processes that contribute to MJO maintenance, it is found that damping by vertical MSE advection is reduced due to the increasing vertical moisture gradient. This weaker damping is nearly canceled by weaker maintenance by cloud‐radiative feedbacks, yielding the growth rate from the linear moisture mode theory nearly unchanged with the warming. Furthermore, the estimated growth rates are found to be a small, negative values, suggesting that the MJO in the simulation is a weakly damped mode.
Keywords:

[+]

Carbon Dioxide Climate Change Ocean-atmosphere Interaction
Source:

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 9(8), 2946-2967, 2017
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001040
Pubmed Central ID:

PMC5815406
Document Type:

Journal Article
Rights Information:

CC BY-NC-ND
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PMC
Main Document Checksum:

[+]

urn:sha256:cf084b97eff1b73d7e95bb9c7c21e14738f5c3408b23489928c57763bdbdaabb
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/25348/noaa_25348_DS1.pdf
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Characterization of Moist Processes Associated With Changes in the Propagation of the MJO With Increasing CO2

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