Evidence for Immune Regulation as the Mechanism By Which Probiotic Strain OY15 (Vibrio alginolyticus) Can Improve Survival of Eastern Oyster Larvae (Crassostrea virginica)

Details

• Journal Title:
  Journal of Shellfish Research
• Personal Author:
  Kapareiko, Diane ; Wikfors, Gary H.
• NOAA Program & Office:
  NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) ; NEFSC (Northeast Fisheries Science Center)
• Description:
  Developing durable methods for controlling microbial pathogenesis in aquaculture with probiotic bacteria is becoming increasingly preferred over antibiotics. Recent research at the Milford Laboratory has shown that naturally occurring bacteria isolated from the digestive glands of adult oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) could be potential probiotic candidates in oyster larviculture. Bacterial probiotic candidates were selected using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, wherein zones of inhibition suggest competitive exclusion of a pathogen by a probiotic candidate. Challenge studies reported previously indicated that addition of one probiotic candidate, isolate OY15 (Vibrio alginolyticus) [Miyamoto et al. 1961, Sakazaki 1968 (AL)] to oyster larvae challenged with a known shellfish-larval pathogen B183 (Vibrio coralliilyticus) (Ben-Haim et al.), significantly improved larval survival (P < 0.0141) compared with the pathogen alone. Mechanisms responsible for this effect were investigated with an in vitro study to determine the effects of probiotic strain OY15, or the pathogenic strain B183, upon oyster hemocytes and their immune functions. This study provides strong evidence that probiotic candidate OY15 stimulates oyster hemocyte immune functionality. In contrast, pathogen B183 caused immune suppression of hemocyte immune functions and significantly higher mortality of these cells. Based upon these results using hemocytes removed from adult oysters, upregulation of larval hemocyte immune activity is at least partially responsible for improved survival of larvae challenged with the pathogen B183.
• Source:
  Journal of Shellfish Research, 45(1)
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.2983/035.045.0107
• ISSN:
  0730-8000
• Format:
  PDF
• Publisher:
  National Shellfisheries Association
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• License:
  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Rights Information:
  CC BY-NC-ND
• Compliance:
  Submitted
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:48d9c0fef8298dc936f095e6485514900374b07844577b975c50ef4ff8547c75c0ec082c3c9dfa5757f15d110d7dcd9a2ac381df125e8d4ec9757c613605b712
• Download URL:
  https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/73572/noaa_73572_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 750.13 KB ]