Three Kinds of Butterfly Effects within Lorenz Models

Details

• Journal Title:
  Encyclopedia
• Personal Author:
  Shen, Bo-Wen ; Pielke, Roger A. ; Zeng, Xubin ; Cui, Jialin ; Faghih-Naini, Sara ; Paxson, Wei ; Atlas, Robert
• NOAA Program & Office:
  OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; AOML (Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences)
• Description:
  Within Lorenz models, the three major kinds of butterfly effects (BEs) are the sensitive dependence on initial conditions (SDIC), the ability of a tiny perturbation to create an organized circulation at large distances, and the hypothetical role of small-scale processes in contributing to finite predictability, referred to as the first, second, and third kinds of butterfly effects (BE1, BE2, and BE3), respectively. A well-accepted definition of the butterfly effect is the BE1 with SDIC, which was rediscovered by Lorenz in 1963. In fact, the use of the term “butterfly” appeared in a conference presentation by Lorenz in 1972, when Lorenz introduced the BE2 as the metaphorical butterfly effect. In 2014, the so-called “real butterfly effect”, which is based on the features of Lorenz’s study in 1969, was introduced as the BE3.
• Source:
  Encyclopedia, 2(3), 1250-1259
• DOI:
  https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2030084
• ISSN:
  2673-8392
• Format:
  pdf
• Publisher:
  MDPI AG
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• License:
  https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Rights Information:
  CC BY
• Compliance:
  Library
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4a5d0d12ca19d8ee3cb2d07e65e0f4b227415fc03d2941a56b81511d6055f394ab45db97161f7d634bdb40fef42cfce2f7a869d6ed962ccf6f72ab5ea79b5893
• Download URL:
  https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/69611/noaa_69611_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 3.62 MB ]