Extratropical storms induce carbon outgassing over the Southern Ocean

Carranza, Magdalena M.; Long, Matthew. C.; Di Luca, Alejandro; Fassbender, Andrea J.; Johnson, Kenneth S.; Takeshita, Yui; Mongwe, Precious; Turner, Katherine E.

doi:10.1038/s41612-024-00657-7

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The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.

i

Extratropical storms induce carbon outgassing over the Southern Ocean

2024
By Carranza, Magdalena M. ; Long, Matthew. C. ; Di Luca, Alejandro ; ...
Source: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 7(1)
Series: PMEL contribution; no. 5503

[PDF-2.76 MB]

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Journal Title:

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
Personal Author:

Carranza, Magdalena M. ; Long, Matthew. C. ; Di Luca, Alejandro ; Fassbender, Andrea J. ; Johnson, Kenneth S. ; ... More +

Carranza, Magdalena M. ; Long, Matthew. C. ; Di Luca, Alejandro ; Fassbender, Andrea J. ; Johnson, Kenneth S. ; Takeshita, Yui ; Mongwe, Precious ; Turner, Katherine E. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; PMEL (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; PMEL (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory) Less -
Description:

The strength and variability of the Southern Ocean carbon sink is a significant source of uncertainty in the global carbon budget. One barrier to reconciling observations and models is understanding how synoptic weather patterns modulate air-sea carbon exchange. Here, we identify and track storms using atmospheric sea level pressure fields from reanalysis data to assess the role that storms play in driving air-sea CO2exchange. We examine the main drivers of CO2fluxes under storm forcing and quantify their contribution to Southern Ocean annual air-sea CO2fluxes. Our analysis relies on a forced ocean-ice simulation from the Community Earth System Model, as well as CO2fluxes estimated from Biogeochemical Argo floats. We find that extratropical storms in the Southern Hemisphere induce CO2outgassing, driven by CO2disequilibrium. However, this effect is an order of magnitude larger in observations compared to the model and caused by different reasons. Despite large uncertainties in CO2fluxes and storm statistics, observations suggest a pivotal role of storms in driving Southern Ocean air-sea CO2outgassing that remains to be well represented in climate models, and needs to be further investigated in observations.
Source:

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 7(1)
Series:

PMEL contribution; no. 5503
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00657-7
ISSN:

2397-3722
Format:

PDF
Publisher:

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Document Type:

Journal Article
License:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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CC BY
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Submitted
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urn:sha-512:77adef3238d1ad32c99acadda82a6760b4a73b5083159ef5f67ecde3815a56ec35c5243f913bed7d67c795c5c9a66354cb8cf9ce48768f6b25c4fd6d477502db
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/67432/noaa_67432_DS1.pdf
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Extratropical storms induce carbon outgassing over the Southern Ocean

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