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Twenty Years Monitoring the Brazil Current Along the NOAA AX97 High-Density XBT Transect
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2025
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Source: Oceanography (2025)
[PDF-1.32 MB]
Details:
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Journal Title:Oceanography
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Description:The NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) AX97 High Density eXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) transect constitutes the longest sustained monitoring system of the Brazil Current (BC), having so far provided two decades of observational data. The BC plays an important role in oceanic variability and related processes, as it significantly influences regional and global climate dynamics. The BC is also the main pathway by which subtropical waters are carried to high latitudes. The AX97 data integration into assimilation schemes enhances the accuracy of short-term ocean predictions and long-term reanalyses, benefiting global forecasting centers by improving ocean models at regional, basin, and global scales. Moreover, the AX97 data contribute to global datasets used to quantify ocean heat content, and they are pivotal in assessing high-resolution ocean forecast systems and Earth system models, including those employed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This bimonthly sampling effort, a collaboration between Brazilian universities, the Brazilian Navy, and NOAA/AOML, successfully completed 100 cruises between August 2004 and August 2024, deploying 4,704 XBTs along the transect from Rio de Janeiro to Trindade Island near 22°S. Here, we analyze the BC’s structure and variability over the period 2004–2023, examining its behavior under extreme warm and cold oceanic conditions, including positive and negative anomalies in sea surface height and temperature.
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Source:Oceanography (2025)
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DOI:
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ISSN:1042-8275
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Rights Information:CC BY
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