Response of CO2 and CH4 emissions from arctic tundra soils to a multifactorial manipulation of water table, temperature, and thaw depth
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Response of CO2 and CH4 emissions from arctic tundra soils to a multifactorial manipulation of water table, temperature, and thaw depth

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  • Journal Title:
    Environmental Research: Ecology
  • Personal Author:
  • NOAA Program & Office:
    Education and outreach
  • Description:
    Large uncertainties still exist concerning the response of tundra carbon emissions from arctic soils to environmental changes. In this study, 24 cores were sampled from drier (high centre polygons and rims) and wetter (low centre polygons and troughs) permafrost tundra ecosystems. We tested the response of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes to a laboratory manipulation of soil temperature (and associated thaw depth), and water table, representing current and future conditions in the Arctic. Similar soil CO2 respiration rates occurred in both drier and wetter sites, suggesting a significant proportion of soil CO2 emissions is occurring via anaerobic respiration under water saturated conditions in these arctic tundra ecosystems. In absence of vegetation, soil CO2 respiration rates decreased sharply within the first seven weeks of the experiment while CH4 emissions remained stable during the entire 26 weeks of the experiment. These patterns suggest that the soil CO2 emission is more related to plant input than the CH4 production and emission. The stable and substantial CH4 emissions observed over the entire course of the experiment are consistent with a temperature limitation more than labile carbon limitation to CH4 production in deeper soil layers, likely because of the presence of a substantial source of labile carbon in these carbon rich soils. The small soil temperature difference (a median difference of 1⁰C) and a more substantial thaw depth difference (a median difference of 6 cm) between the HIGH and LOW temperature treatments resulted in a non-significant difference between soil CO2 and CH4 emissions. Hydrology remained the major control on CH4 emissions, but these emissions remained low in the drier ecosystem even with a water table at the surface, suggesting the absence of a methanogenic microbial community in high centre polygons and rims ecosystems. Overall, our results suggest that the temperature increases reported for these arctic regions have not been responsible for increases in carbon losses, while hydrological change is a major control on soil CO2 and CH4 emissions.
  • Source:
    Environmental Research: Ecology (2023)
  • DOI:
  • ISSN:
    2752-664X
  • Format:
    PDF
  • Publisher:
    IOP Publishing
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Funding:
    Grant no. NA22SEC4810016
  • License:
  • Rights Information:
    CC BY
  • Compliance:
    Library
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