Tissue uptake, distribution and excretion of brevetoxin-3 after oral and intratracheal exposure in the freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta and the diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin

Cocilova, Courtney C.; Flewelling, Leanne J.; Bossart, Gregory D.; Granholm, April A.; Milton, Sarah L.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.003

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The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.

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Tissue uptake, distribution and excretion of brevetoxin-3 after oral and intratracheal exposure in the freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta and the diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin

2017
By Cocilova, Courtney C. ; Flewelling, Leanne J. ; Bossart, Gregory D. ; ...
Source: Aquatic Toxicology, 187, 29-37

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Details:

Journal Title:

Aquatic Toxicology
Personal Author:

Cocilova, Courtney C. ; Flewelling, Leanne J. ; Bossart, Gregory D. ; Granholm, April A. ; Milton, Sarah L.

Cocilova, Courtney C. ; Flewelling, Leanne J. ; Bossart, Gregory D. ; Granholm, April A. ; Milton, Sarah L. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

NOS (National Ocean Service)
Description:

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) occur nearly annually off the west coast of Florida and can impact both humans and wildlife, resulting in morbidity and increased mortality of marine animals including sea turtles. The key organism in Florida red tides is the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis that produces a suite of potent neurotoxins referred to as the brevetoxins (PbTx). Despite recent mortality events and rehabilitation efforts, still little is known about how the toxin directly impacts sea turtles, as they are not amenable to experimentation and what is known about toxin levels and distribution comes primarily from post-mortem data. In this study, we utilized the freshwater turtle Trachemys scripta and the diamondback terrapin, Malaclemys terrapin as model organisms to determine the distribution, clearance, and routes of excretion of the most common form of the toxin, brevetoxin-3, in turtles. Turtles were administered toxin via esophageal tube to mimic ingestion (33.48 μg/kg PbTx-3, 3×/week for two weeks for a total of 7 doses) or by intratracheal instillation (10.53 μg/kg, 3×/week for four weeks for a total of 12 doses) to mimic inhalation. Both oral and intratracheal administration of the toxin produced a suite of behavioral responses symptomatic of brevetoxicosis. The toxin distributed to all organ systems within 1 h of administration but was rapidly cleared out over 24–48 h, corresponding to a decline in clinical symptoms. Excretion appears to be primarily through conjugation to bile salts. Histopathological study revealed that the frequency of lesions varied within experimental groups with some turtles having no significant lesions at all, while similar lesions were found in a low number of control turtles suggesting another common factor(s) could be responsible. The overall goal of this research is better understand the impacts of brevetoxin on turtles in order to develop better treatment protocols for sea turtles exposed to HABs.
Keywords:

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Aquatic Science Health, Toxicology And Mutagenesis
Source:

Aquatic Toxicology, 187, 29-37
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.003
ISSN:

0166-445X
Format:

PDF
Publisher:

Elsevier BV
Document Type:

Journal Article
Funding:

Grant no. NA11NOS4780031 ; Grant no. NA11NOS4780057 ; Grant no. NA11NOS4780058

Grant no. NA11NOS4780031 ; Grant no. NA11NOS4780057 ; Grant no. NA11NOS4780058 Less -
Rights Information:

Accepted Manuscript
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Library
Main Document Checksum:

[+]

urn:sha256:021a3a663bd803d62a58a1b7a1f12dc4a6b6b8014c04f7749a9c54867742ea65
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/57782/noaa_57782_DS1.pdf
File Type:

[PDF-493.30 KB]