Details:

Journal Title:
Journal of Environmental Management
Personal Author:
Kyzar, Tricia ; Safak, Ilgar ; Cebrian, Just ; Clark, Mark W. ; Dix, Nicole ; ... More +
Kyzar, Tricia ; Safak, Ilgar ; Cebrian, Just ; Clark, Mark W. ; Dix, Nicole ; Dietz, Kaitlyn ; Gittman, Rachel K. ; Jaeger, John ; Radabaugh, Kara R. ; Roddenberry, Annie ; Smith, Carter S. ; Sparks, Eric L. ; Stone, Benjamin ; Sundin, Gary ; Taubler, Michelle ; Angelini, Christine Less -
NOAA Program & Office:
NOS (National Ocean Service)
Description:
Formed at the confluence of marine and fresh waters, estuaries experience both the seaside pressures of rising sea levels and increasing storm severity, and watershed and precipitation changes that are shifting the quality and quantity of freshwater and sediments delivered from upstream sources. Boating, shoreline hardening, harvesting pressure, and other signatures of human activity are also increasing as populations swell in coastal regions. Given this shifting landscape of pressures, the factors most threatening to estuary health and stability are often uncertain. To identify the greatest contemporary threats to coastal wetlands and oyster reefs across the southeastern United States (Mississippi to North Carolina), we summarized recent population growth and land-cover change and surveyed estuarine management and science experts. From 1996 to 2019, human population growth in the region varied from a 17% decrease to a 171% increase (mean = +43%) with only 5 of the 72 SE US counties losing population, and nearly half growing by more than 40%. Individual counties experienced between 999 and 19,253 km2 of new development (mean: 5725 km2), with 1–5% (mean: 2.6%) of undeveloped lands undergoing development over this period across the region. Correspondingly, our survey of 169 coastal experts highlighted development, shoreline hardening, and upstream modifications to freshwater flow as the most important local threats facing coastal wetlands. Similarly, experts identified development, upstream modifications to freshwater flow, and overharvesting as the most important local threats to oyster reefs. With regards to global threats, experts categorized sea level rise as the most pressing to wetlands, and acidification and precipitation changes as the most pressing to oyster reefs. Survey respondents further identified that more research, driven by collaboration among scientists, engineers, industry professionals, and managers, is needed to assess how precipitation changes, shoreline hardening, and sea level rise are affecting coastal ecosystem stability and function. Due to the profound role of humans in shaping estuarine health, this work highlights that engaging property owners, recreators, and municipalities to implement strategies to improve estuarine health will be vital for sustaining coastal systems in the face of global change.
Keywords:
[+]
Environmental Engineering General Medicine Management, Monitoring, Policy And Law Waste Management And Disposal
Source:
Journal of Environmental Management, 296, 113178
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113178
ISSN:
0301-4797
Format:
PDF
Publisher:
Elsevier BV
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
Grant no. NA14NOS4190145
Rights Information:
Accepted Manuscript
Compliance:
Library
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:58f190a211a9a522c027c96a32b2df99f7b6b5f345407cd993eb2508276b664f
Download URL:
https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/57398/noaa_57398_DS1.pdf
File Type:

Supporting Files

• No Additional Files

More +