Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño

Zhang, L.; Wang, C.; Han, W.; McPhaden, M.J.; Hu, A.; Xing, W.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi5507

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Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño

2023
By Zhang, L. ; Wang, C. ; Han, W. ; ...
Source: Sci. Adv. 9, eadi5507 (2023)
Series: PMEL Contribution no. 5430

[PDF-1.23 MB]

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Details:

Journal Title:

Science Advances
Personal Author:

Zhang, L. ; Wang, C. ; Han, W. ; McPhaden, M.J. ; Hu, A. ; ... More +

Zhang, L. ; Wang, C. ; Han, W. ; McPhaden, M.J. ; Hu, A. ; Xing, W. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; PMEL (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory) ; CPO (Climate Program Office)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; PMEL (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory) ; CPO (Climate Program Office) Less -
Description:

The Atlantic Niño is characterized by sea surface warming in the equatorial Atlantic, which can trigger La Niña, the cold phase of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although observations show that the Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 30% since the 1970s, its remote influence on ENSO remains strong. Here, we show that this apparent discrepancy is due to the existence of two types of Atlantic Niño with distinct patterns and climatic impacts, which we refer to as the central and eastern Atlantic Niño. Our results show that with equal strength, the central Atlantic Niño has a stronger influence on tropical climate than its eastern counterpart. Meanwhile, the eastern Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 50% in recent decades, allowing the central Atlantic Niño to emerge and dominate the remote impact on ENSO. Given the distinct climatic impacts of the two types, it is necessary to distinguish between them and investigate their behaviors and influences on climate in future studies.
Keywords:

[+]

El Niño Current Ocean Temperature Atlantic Niño El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Anomalies
Source:

Sci. Adv. 9, eadi5507 (2023)
Series:

PMEL Contribution no. 5430
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi5507
Format:

PDF
Document Type:

Journal Article
Funding:

Grant no. NA20OAR4310480
License:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Rights Information:

CC BY-NC
Compliance:

Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

[+]

urn:sha256:f6d18fc4129ef67000139a0b740483698cdf0a6b134b65fa27a221abb0ef07ee
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/56423/noaa_56423_DS1.pdf
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