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Calculation, visualization, and interpretation of three-dimensional atmosphere-ocean coupled empirical orthogonal functions using the reanalyses data
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2023
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Source: Theor Appl Climatol 154, 59–73 (2023)
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Journal Title:Theoretical and Applied Climatology
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Description:Three-dimensional (3D) empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) are computed and presented for two cases: (i) an atmospheric 3D EOF using the atmospheric reanalysis data from the Earth’s surface of approximately 1000 hPa atmospheric pressure level to the 1.0 hPa level at about 50 kms altitude and (ii) a coupled atmosphere-ocean 3D EOF that includes the top layer of an oceanic reanalysis. These 3D EOFs help better describe the 3D structure of the large-scale climate dynamic patterns, such as the vertical profiles of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The 3D EOF tool developed in this research allows people to quantitatively describe and visually display atmosphere-ocean dynamics, particularly over the tropical Pacific. Computationally, 3D EOFs are built on a 3D covariance matrix that naturally accounts for the covariance between different pressure levels. In this way, 3D EOFs can help answer questions that may be impossible for the conventional 2D EOFs computed layer-by-layer.
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Source:Theor Appl Climatol 154, 59–73 (2023)
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Rights Information:Accepted Manuscript
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Compliance:Submitted
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