TERRESTRIAL PATHOGEN POLLUTANT, TOXOPLASMA GONDII, THREATENS HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (NEOMONACHUS SCHAUINSLANDI) FOLLOWING HEAVY RUNOFF EVENTS

Robinson, Stacie J.; Amlin, Angela; Barbieri, Michelle M.

doi:10.7589/jwd-d-21-00179

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The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.

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TERRESTRIAL PATHOGEN POLLUTANT, TOXOPLASMA GONDII, THREATENS HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (NEOMONACHUS SCHAUINSLANDI) FOLLOWING HEAVY RUNOFF EVENTS

2023
By Robinson, Stacie J. ; Amlin, Angela ; Barbieri, Michelle M.
Source: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 59(1)

[PDF-514.27 KB]

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Journal Title:

Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Personal Author:

Robinson, Stacie J. ; Amlin, Angela ; Barbieri, Michelle M.

Robinson, Stacie J. ; Amlin, Angela ; Barbieri, Michelle M. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) ; PIFSC (Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center) ; PIR (Pacific Island Region)

NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) ; PIFSC (Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center) ; PIR (Pacific Island Region) Less -
Description:

Toxoplasmosis is a major threat to Hawaiian monk seals ( Neomonachus schauinslandi )i n the main Hawaiian Islands where seal habitat overlaps with substantial human and domestic cat populations. As the definitive hosts, members of the Felidae are the sole sources contaminating theenvironment with infectious oocysts; these oocysts can be transported into the marine environment,thereby threatening marine mammals. To understand environmental factors influencing Hawaiian monk seal exposure to Toxoplasma gondii , we examined monk seal strandings from toxoplasmosis in relationship to location and rainfall patterns throughout the main Hawaiian Islands. Using a case-control study design, we compared mortalities due to toxoplasmosis (cases) with those from other causes(controls). We found that cases were up to 25 times more likely than controls to occur after heavy runoff events. The greatest odds ratio was observed when rainfall occurred 3 wk before strandings, potentially indicating important timelines in the disease process. Our results suggest that heavy rainfall frequentlydelivers sufficient numbers of oocysts to infect Hawaiian monk seals. With infectious doses of as low as a
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Ecology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics
Source:

Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 59(1)
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-21-00179
ISSN:

0090-3558
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PDF
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Wildlife Disease Association
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Journal Article
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urn:sha256:19d510153dc9ad842d48b7e7d13638ea6a4caffd39e2057fe6219a171302c57e
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/54500/noaa_54500_DS1.pdf
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TERRESTRIAL PATHOGEN POLLUTANT, TOXOPLASMA GONDII, THREATENS HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (NEOMONACHUS SCHAUINSLANDI) FOLLOWING HEAVY RUNOFF EVENTS

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