http://doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NWFSC-128

"The Puget Sound Steelhead Technical Recovery Team (PSS TRT) convened in March 2008 to review information relevant to the identification of historical demographically independent populations (DIPs) of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Puget Sound steelhead distinct population segment (DPS). The PSS TRT identified three major population groups (MPGs) containing a total of 32 steelhead DIPs in Puget Sound. Steelhead in the Puget Sound DPS exhibit two distinct life history strategies: summer-run and winter-run migrations. Winter-run steelhead, also known as ocean-maturing steelhead, return to freshwater during the winter and early spring months and spawn relatively soon after entering freshwater. Alternatively, summer-run (stream-maturing) steelhead return to freshwater during late spring and early summer in a relatively immature state and hold there until spawning in the following winter/spring. Generally, but not necessarily, summer-run steelhead return-timing is coordinated with river flow patterns that allow access past barriers to headwater spawning areas. Presently and historically, winter-run steelhead numerically represent the predominant life history type in Puget Sound"--Executive summary. [doi:10.7289/V5/TM-NWFSC-128 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-NWFSC-128)]

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)