Details:

Journal Title:
Oceanological Research
Personal Author:
Proshutinsky, A.Yu. ; Toole, J.M. ; Krishfield, R.A. ; Anderson, D.M. ; Ashjian, C.J. ; ... More +
Proshutinsky, A.Yu. ; Toole, J.M. ; Krishfield, R.A. ; Anderson, D.M. ; Ashjian, C.J. ; Baggeroer, A.B. ; Freitag, L.E. ; Pickart, R.S. ; von der Heydt, K. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:
CINAR (Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region)
Description:
In 2020, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) celebrates 90 years of research, education, and exploration of the

World Ocean. Since inception this has included Arctic studies. In fact, WHOI’s first technical report is on the oceanographic

data obtained during the submarine “Nautilus” polar expedition in 1931. In 1951 and 1952, WHOI scientists supervised the

collection of hydrographic data during the U.S. Navy SkiJump I & II expeditions utilizing ski-equipped aircraft landings in the

Beaufort Sea, and inferred the Beaufort Gyre circulation cell and existence of a mid-Arctic ridge. Later classified studies,

particularly concerning under-ice acoustics, were conducted by WHOI personnel from Navy and Air Force ice camps. With

the advent of simple satellite communications and positioning, WHOI oceanographers began to deploy buoys on sea ice to

obtain surface atmosphere, ice, and upper ocean time series data in the central Arctic beginning in 1987. Observations from

these first systems were limited technologically to discrete depths and constrained by power considerations, satellite

throughput, as well as high costs. As technologies improved, WHOI developed the drifting Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) to obtain

vertically continuous upper ocean data several times per day in the ice-covered basins and telemeter the data back in near real

time to the lab. Since the 1980s, WHOI scientists have also been involved in geological, biological, ecological and geochemical

studies of Arctic waters, typically from expeditions utilizing icebreaking vessels, or air supported drifting platforms. Since the

2000s, WHOI has maintained oceanographic moorings on the Beaufort Shelf and in the deep Canada Basin, the latter an element

of the Beaufort Gyre Observing System (BGOS). BGOS maintains oceanographic moorings via icebreaker, and conducts

annual hydrographic and geochemical surveys each summer to document the Beaufort Gyre freshwater reservoir that has

changed significantly since earlier investigations from the 1950s-1980s. With the experience and results demonstrated over

the past decades for furthering Arctic research, WHOI scientists are well positioned to continue to explore and study the polar

oceans in the decades ahead.


Keywords:
[+]
Acoustics Biology Geochemistry Geology History Of The Arctic Ocean Instrumentation Observation Methods Oceanography Sea Ice WHOI
Source:
Oceanological Research, 48(3)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29006/1564-2291.JOR-2020.48(3).10
Document Type:
Journal Article
Funding:
Grant no. NA14OAR4320158
Rights Information:
Accepted Manuscript
Compliance:
Submitted
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:6da46716bd4321d023004ea0967429892c271b3b71864f4c5598996d791a05bd
Download URL:
https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/32889/noaa_32889_DS1.pdf
File Type:

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