An Atmospheric Constraint on the Seasonal Air-Sea Exchange of Oxygen and Heat in the Extratropics

Morgan, Eric J.; Manizza, Manfredi; Keeling, Ralph F.; Resplandy, Laure; Mikaloff‐Fletcher, Sara E.; Nevison, Cynthia D.; Jin, Yuming; Bent, Jonathan D.; Aumont, Olivier; Doney, Scott C.; Dunne, John P.; John, Jasmin; Lima, Ivan D.; Long, Matthew C.; Rodgers, Keith B.

doi:10.1029/2021JC017510

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An Atmospheric Constraint on the Seasonal Air-Sea Exchange of Oxygen and Heat in the Extratropics

2021
By Morgan, Eric J. ; Manizza, Manfredi ; Keeling, Ralph F. ; ...
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(8)

[PDF-3.55 MB]

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Journal Title:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
Personal Author:

Morgan, Eric J. ; Manizza, Manfredi ; Keeling, Ralph F. ; Resplandy, Laure ; Mikaloff‐Fletcher, Sara E. ; ... More +

Morgan, Eric J. ; Manizza, Manfredi ; Keeling, Ralph F. ; Resplandy, Laure ; Mikaloff‐Fletcher, Sara E. ; Nevison, Cynthia D. ; Jin, Yuming ; Bent, Jonathan D. ; Aumont, Olivier ; Doney, Scott C. ; Dunne, John P. ; John, Jasmin ; Lima, Ivan D. ; Long, Matthew C. ; Rodgers, Keith B. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory) Less -
Description:

The air-sea exchange of oxygen (O2) is driven by changes in solubility, biological activity, and circulation. The total air-sea exchange of O2 has been shown to be closely related to the air-sea exchange of heat on seasonal timescales, with the ratio of the seasonal flux of O2 to heat varying with latitude, being higher in the extratropics and lower in the subtropics. This O2/heat ratio is both a fundamental biogeochemical property of air-sea exchange and a convenient metric for testing earth system models. Current estimates of the O2/heat flux ratio rely on sparse observations of dissolved O2, leaving it fairly unconstrained. From a model ensemble we show that the ratio of the seasonal amplitude of two atmospheric tracers, atmospheric potential oxygen (APO) and the argon-to-nitrogen ratio (Ar/O2), exhibits a close relationship to the O2/heat ratio of the extratropics (40–urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0001). The amplitude ratio, urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0002/urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0003, is relatively constant within the extratropics of each hemisphere due to the zonal mixing of the atmosphere. urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0004/urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0005 is not sensitive to atmospheric transport, as most of the observed spatial variability in the seasonal amplitude of urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0006APO is compensated by similar variations in urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0007(Ar/urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0008). From the relationship between urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0009/heat and urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0010/urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0011 in the model ensemble, we determine that the atmospheric observations suggest hemispherically distinct urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0012/heat flux ratios of 3.3 urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0013 0.3 and 4.7 urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0014 0.8 nmol urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0015 between 40 and urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0016 in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres respectively, providing a useful constraint for urn:x-wiley:21699275:media:jgrc24653:jgrc24653-math-0017 and heat air-sea fluxes in earth system models and observation-based data products.
Keywords:

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Air-sea Exchange Extratropics Heat Oxygen Seasonal
Source:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(8)
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017510
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Journal Article
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urn:sha256:57da0c7004411292adf932251a1682806fe5ab03ebd82ac90b305820e0e27a0b
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/32296/noaa_32296_DS1.pdf
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An Atmospheric Constraint on the Seasonal Air-Sea Exchange of Oxygen and Heat in the Extratropics

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