Statistical and Empirical Relationships between Tornado Intensity and Both Topography and Land Cover Using Rapid-Scan Radar Observations and a GIS

Houser, Jana B.; McGinnis, Nathaniel; Butler, Kelly M.; Bluestein, Howard B.; Snyder, Jeffrey C.; French, Michael M.

doi:10.1175/MWR-D-19-0407.1

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The NOAA IR serves as an archival repository of NOAA-published products including scientific findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by NOAA or funded partners. As a repository, the NOAA IR retains documents in their original published format to ensure public access to scientific information.

i

Statistical and Empirical Relationships between Tornado Intensity and Both Topography and Land Cover Using Rapid-Scan Radar Observations and a GIS

2016
By Houser, Jana B. ; McGinnis, Nathaniel ; Butler, Kelly M. ; ...
Source: Monthly Weather Review, 148(10), 4313-4338

[PDF-4.55 MB]

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Journal Title:

Monthly Weather Review
Personal Author:

Houser, Jana B. ; McGinnis, Nathaniel ; Butler, Kelly M. ; Bluestein, Howard B. ; Snyder, Jeffrey C. ; ... More +

Houser, Jana B. ; McGinnis, Nathaniel ; Butler, Kelly M. ; Bluestein, Howard B. ; Snyder, Jeffrey C. ; French, Michael M. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) Less -
Description:

This study presents an investigation into relationships among topographic elevation, surface land cover, and tornado intensity using rapid scan, mobile Doppler radar observations of four tornadoes from the U.S. Central Plains. High spatiotemporal resolution observations of tornadic vortex signatures from the radar’s lowest elevation angle data (in most cases ranging from ~100 to 350 m above ground level) are coupled with digital elevation model (DEM) and 2011 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) data using a geographic information system (GIS). The relationships between 1) tornado intensity and topographic elevation or surface roughness and 2) changes in tornado intensity and changes in topographic elevation or surface roughness are investigated qualitatively, and statistical relationships are quantified and analyzed using a bootstrap permutation method for individual case studies and all cases collectively. Results suggest that there are statistically significant relationships for individual cases, but the relationships defy generalization and are different on a case-by-case basis, which may imply that they are coincidental, indicating a null correlation.
Keywords:

[+]

Radars/Radar Observations Severe Storms Tornadoes
Source:

Monthly Weather Review, 148(10), 4313-4338
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-19-0407.1
Document Type:

Journal Article
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CC BY
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Submitted
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urn:sha256:5eac548aceaa941575738301f2235255c7b914974c8f59a30dc8abb051bd380f
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https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/32194/noaa_32194_DS1.pdf
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Statistical and Empirical Relationships between Tornado Intensity and Both Topography and Land Cover Using Rapid-Scan Radar Observations and a GIS

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