Direct detection of atmospheric atomic bromine leading to mercury and ozone depletion

Wang, Siyuan; McNamara, Stephen M.; Moore, Christopher W.; Obrist, Daniel; Steffen, Alexandra; Shepson, Paul B.; Staebler, Ralf M.; Raso, Angela R. W.; Pratt, Kerri A.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1900613116

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Direct detection of atmospheric atomic bromine leading to mercury and ozone depletion

2019
By Wang, Siyuan ; McNamara, Stephen M. ; Moore, Christopher W. ; ...
Source: PNAS 116 (29) 14479-14484; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900613116

[PDF-808.76 KB]

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Details:

Journal Title:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Personal Author:

Wang, Siyuan ; McNamara, Stephen M. ; Moore, Christopher W. ; Obrist, Daniel ; Steffen, Alexandra ; ... More +

Wang, Siyuan ; McNamara, Stephen M. ; Moore, Christopher W. ; Obrist, Daniel ; Steffen, Alexandra ; Shepson, Paul B. ; Staebler, Ralf M. ; Raso, Angela R. W. ; Pratt, Kerri A. Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ESRL (Earth System Research Laboratory) ; GML (Global Monitoring Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ESRL (Earth System Research Laboratory) ; GML (Global Monitoring Laboratory) Less -
Description:

Bromine atoms play a central role in atmospheric reactive halogen chemistry, depleting ozone and elemental mercury, thereby enhancing deposition of toxic mercury, particularly in the Arctic near-surface troposphere. However, direct bromine atom measurements have been missing to date, due to the lack of analytical capability with sufficient sensitivity for ambient measurements. Here we present direct atmospheric bromine atom measurements, conducted in the springtime Arctic. Measured bromine atom levels reached 14 parts per trillion (ppt, pmol mol(-1); 4.2 x 10(8) atoms per cm(-3)) and were up to 3-10 times higher than estimates using previous indirect measurements not considering the critical role of molecular bromine. Observed ozone and elemental mercury depletion rates are quantitatively explained by the measured bromine atoms, providing field validation of highly uncertain mercury chemistry. Following complete ozone depletion, elevated bromine concentrations are sustained by photochemical snowpack emissions of molecular bromine and nitrogen oxides, resulting in continued atmospheric mercury depletion. This study provides a breakthrough in quantitatively constraining bromine chemistry in the polar atmosphere, where this chemistry connects the rapidly changing surface to pollutant fate.
Keywords:

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Alert Atmosphere Barrow Bromine Chlorine Climate Events Halogen Chemistry Mercury Monoxide Ozone Polar Sunrise Science Surface Technology Tropospheric Ozone
Source:

PNAS 116 (29) 14479-14484; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900613116
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900613116
Pubmed ID:

31253702
Pubmed Central ID:

PMC6642345
Document Type:

Journal Article
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PMC
Main Document Checksum:

[+]

urn:sha256:4a2efd2dc5485e1e3f910a901a2088d87438633543d856ac18eedc1a450e1ba4
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/29200/noaa_29200_DS1.pdf
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htm

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