Recent studies have suggested that the structure of tropical cyclones (TCs), especially the upper‐level clouds as indicated by satellite infrared brightness temperatures and precipitation, fluctuates with the diurnal cycle. The diurnal cycle of the low‐level structure, including the boundary layer, has not yet been investigated with observations. This study analyzes data from 2242 GPS dropsondes collected in mature hurricanes to investigate the diurnal variation of the mean boundary layer structure. A composite analysis is conducted to compare the kinematic and thermodynamic structure during nighttime (0–6 local time) vs in the afternoon (12–18 local time). The composites show that much stronger inflow occurs during nighttime and the moist entropy is also larger than that in the daytime. Grouping the dropsonde data into 6‐h time windows relative to the local time shows a clear diurnal signal of boundary layer inflow. The amplitude of the diurnal signal is largest at a radius of 250–500 km.
Loveless, Daivd M.; Wagner, Timothy J.; Turner, David D.; Ackerman, Steven A.; Feltz, Wayne F.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Mon. Wea. Rev. (2019) 147 (4): 1395–1413.
Description:
Atmospheric bores have been shown to have a role in the initiation and maintenance of elevated convection. Previous observational studies of bores have been case studies of more notable events. However, this creates a selection bias toward extraordin...
Lee, Sang-Ki; Kim, Dongmin; Foltz, Gregory R.; Lopez, Hosmay;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Geophysical Research Letters 47(3):e2019GL086497, 2020
Description:
A recent study by Zhang et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL084088) proposes “an interbasin ocean thermostat mechanism” to support the hypothesis that enhanced Indian Ocean warming during the past century has reduced the Pacific warming r...
The ocean interacts with the atmosphere via interfacial exchanges of momentum, heat (via radiation and convection), and fresh water (via evaporation and precipitation). These fluxes, or exchanges, constitute the ocean-surface energy and water budgets...
Bae, Changhan; Kim, Byeong-Uk; Kim, Hyun Cheol; Yoo, Chul; Kim, Soontae;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Atmosphere 2020, 11(1), 48
Description:
This study identified the key chemical components based on an analysis of the seasonal variations of ground level PM2.5 concentrations and its major chemical constituents (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic carbon, and elemental carbon) in the Seoul...
Gao, R. S.; Telg, H.; McLaughlin, R. J.; Ciciora, S. J.; Watts, L. A.; Richardson, M. S.; Schwarz, J. P.; Perring, A. E.; Thornberry, T. D.; Rollins, A. W.; Markovic, M. Z.; Bates, T. S.; Johnson, J. E.; Fahey, D. W.;
Published Date:
2016
Source:
Aerosol Science and Technology, 50:1, 88-99, 2016
Description:
A light-weight, low-cost optical particle spectrometer for measurements of aerosol number concentrations and size distributions has been designed, constructed, and demonstrated. The spectrometer is suitable for use on small, unmanned aerial vehicles ...
Murphy, D. M.; Telg, H.; Eck, T. F.; Rodriguez, J.; Stalin, S. E.; Bates, T. S.;
Published Date:
2016
Source:
Aerosol Science and Technology, 50:1, 11-16, 2016
Description:
A miniature sun photometer has been developed that makes continuous almucantar scans to measure solar irradiance and sky radiance in four wavelength bands set by interference filters. It has a well-defined field of view and can rapidly compensate for...
Coniglio, Michael C.; Romine, Glen S.; Turner, David D.; Torn, Ryan D.;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
Mon. Wea. Rev. (2019) 147 (4): 1149–1170
Description:
The ability of Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) and Doppler lidar (DL) wind profile observations to impact short-term forecasts of convection is explored by assimilating retrievals into a partially cycled convection-allowing ensembl...
Davis, Katie S.; Cudney, Jennifer L.; Blankinship, David R.;
Published Date:
2017
Source:
Bulletin of Marine Science 93(2):539-555, 2017
Description:
Over the past two decades, the United States' recreational fishery for North Atlantic swordfish, Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758, has grown along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico. Successful management and high recru...
Swordfish (Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758) are increasingly sought after by recreational anglers globally. The Florida Straits in particular is an important breeding and nursery area for North Atlantic swordfish, as well as the historical fishing gro...
Ren, Yifang; Zhang, Jun A.; Vigh, Jonathan L.; Zhu, Ping; Liu, Hailong; Wang, Xiang; Wadler, Joshua B.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Atmosphere 2020, 11(2), 158
Description:
This study analyses Global Positioning System dropsondes to document the axisymmetric tropical cyclone (TC) boundary-layer structure, based on storm intensity. A total of 2608 dropsondes from 42 named TCs in the Atlantic basin from 1998 to 2017 are u...
Weinkle, J.; Landsea, C.; Collins, D.; Musulin, R.; Crompton, R. P.; Klotzbach, P. J.; Pielke, R.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Nature Sustainability, 1(12), 808-813
Description:
Direct economic losses result when a hurricane encounters an exposed, vulnerable society. A normalization estimates direct economic losses from a historical extreme event if that same event was to occur under contemporary societal conditions. Under t...
Ren, Yifang; Zhang, Jun A.; Vigh, Jonathan L.; Zhu, Ping; Liu, Hailong; Wang, Xiang; Wadler, Joshua B.;
Published Date:
2020
Source:
Atmosphere 2020, 11(2), 158
Description:
This study analyses Global Positioning System dropsondes to document the axisymmetric tropical cyclone (TC) boundary-layer structure, based on storm intensity. A total of 2608 dropsondes from 42 named TCs in the Atlantic basin from 1998 to 2017 are u...
Tanamachi, Robin L.; Frasier, Stephen J.; Waldinger, Joseph; LaFleur, Allison; Turner, David D.; Rocadenbosch, Francesc;
Published Date:
2019
Source:
J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. (2019) 36 (11): 2221–2246.
Description:
During spring 2016 and spring 2017, a vertically pointing, S-band Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radar (UMass FMCW) was deployed in northern Alabama under the auspices of the Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTE...
McCaffrey, Katherine; Bianco, Laura; Johnston, Paul; Wilczak, James M.;
Published Date:
2017
Source:
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 999–1015, 2017
Description:
Observations of turbulence in the planetary boundary layer are critical for developing and evaluating boundary layer parameterizations in mesoscale numerical weather prediction models. These observations, however, are expensive and rarely profile the...
McCaffrey, Katherine; Bianco, Laura; Wilczak, James M.;
Published Date:
2017
Source:
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 2595–2611, 2017
Description:
Observations of turbulence dissipation rates in the planetary boundary layer are crucial for validation of parameterizations in numerical weather prediction models. However, because dissipation rates are difficult to obtain, they are infrequently mea...
This paper presents the efficacy of a “tuned” fuzzy logic method at determining the height of the boundary layer using the measurements from a 1280 MHz lower atmospheric radar wind profiler located in Gadanki (13.5°N, 79°E, 375 mean sea level),...
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[PDF - 2.08 MB]
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