On the Spatiotemporal Diversity of Atlantic Niño and Associated Rainfall Variability Over West Africa and South America

Vallès‐Casanova, Ignasi; Lee, Sang‐Ki; Foltz, Gregory R.; Pelegrí, Josep L.

doi:10.1029/2020GL087108

i

On the Spatiotemporal Diversity of Atlantic Niño and Associated Rainfall Variability Over West Africa and South America

2020
By Vallès‐Casanova, Ignasi ; Lee, Sang‐Ki ; Foltz, Gregory R. ; ...

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Journal Title:

Geophysical Research Letters
Personal Author:

Vallès‐Casanova, Ignasi ; Lee, Sang‐Ki ; Foltz, Gregory R. ; Pelegrí, Josep L.
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; AOML (Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory)
Description:

The spatiotemporal evolutions of equatorial Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) during Atlantic Niño events and the associated climate impacts on the surrounding continents are extremely diverse. In this study, we construct longitude-time maps of equatorial Atlantic SSTAs for each observed Atlantic Niño event during 1948–2019 and perform a spatiotemporal empirical orthogonal function analysis to identify the four most frequently recurring Atlantic Niño varieties. The first two contrast the timing of dissipation (early terminating vs. persistent) and the other two the timing of onset (early onset vs. late onset). Largely consistent with the differences in the timings of onset and dissipation, these four varieties display remarkable differences in rainfall response over West Africa and South America. Most of the varieties are subject to onset mechanisms that involve preconditioning in boreal spring by either the Atlantic meridional mode or Pacific El Niño, while for the late onset variability there is no clear source of external forcing.
Keywords:

Rain and rainfall
Source:

Geophysical Research Letters, 47(8)
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087108
Document Type:

Journal Article
Place as Subject:

Africa, West ; South America
Rights Information:

Public Domain
Compliance:

Submitted
Main Document Checksum:

urn:sha-512:118f40ab8c00ca16b0774225988de7f33b13bc835945336aad3cccff4c75f5b4af1a9bcd837649068a1a0b974f8b6ad7432e64b98098d337978a482105e6a3fc
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/26349/noaa_26349_DS1.pdf
File Type:

[PDF - 8.59 MB ]

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