A global model of tropospheric chlorine chemistry: Organic versus inorganic sources and impact on methane oxidation

Hossaini, Ryan; Chipperfield, Martyn P.; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso; Fernandez, Rafael; Monks, Sarah; Feng, Wuhu; Brauer, Peter; von Glasow, Roland

doi:10.1002/2016jd025756

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A global model of tropospheric chlorine chemistry: Organic versus inorganic sources and impact on methane oxidation

2016
By Hossaini, Ryan ; Chipperfield, Martyn P. ; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso ; ...
Source: Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 121(23), 14271-14297.

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Journal Title:

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Personal Author:

Hossaini, Ryan ; Chipperfield, Martyn P. ; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso ; Fernandez, Rafael ; Monks, Sarah ; ... More +

Hossaini, Ryan ; Chipperfield, Martyn P. ; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso ; Fernandez, Rafael ; Monks, Sarah ; Feng, Wuhu ; Brauer, Peter ; von Glasow, Roland Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ESRL (Earth System Research Laboratory) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences) ; CSL (Chemical Sciences Laboratory)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; ESRL (Earth System Research Laboratory) ; CIRES (Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences) ; CSL (Chemical Sciences Laboratory) Less -
Description:

Chlorine atoms (Cl) are highly reactive toward hydrocarbons in the Earth's troposphere, including the greenhouse gas methane (CH4). However, the regional and global CH4 sink from Cl is poorly quantified as tropospheric Cl concentrations ([Cl]) are uncertain by similar to 2 orders of magnitude. Here we describe the addition of a detailed tropospheric chlorine scheme to the TOMCAT chemical transport model. The model includes several sources of tropospheric inorganic chlorine (Cl-y), including (i) the oxidation of chlorocarbons of natural (CH3Cl, CHBr2Cl, CH2BrCl, and CHBrCl2) and anthropogenic (CH2Cl2, CHCl3, C2Cl4, C2HCl3, and CH2ClCH2Cl) origin and (ii) sea-salt aerosol dechlorination. Simulations were performed to quantify tropospheric [Cl], with a focus on the marine boundary layer, and quantify the global significance of Cl atom CH4 oxidation. In agreement with observations, simulated surface levels of hydrogen chloride (HCl), the most abundant Cly reservoir, reach several parts per billion (ppb) over polluted coastal/continental regions, with sub-ppb levels typical in more remote regions. Modeled annual mean surface [Cl] exhibits large spatial variability with the largest levels, typically in the range of 1-5 x 10(4) atoms cm(-3), in the polluted northern hemisphere. Chlorocarbon oxidation provides a tropospheric Cly source of up to similar to 4320 Gg Cl/yr, sustaining a background surface [Cl] of < 0.1 to 0.5 x 10(3) atoms cm(-3) over large areas. Globally, we estimate a tropospheric methane sink of similar to 12- 13 Tg CH4/yr due the CH4 + Cl reaction (similar to 2.5% of total CH4 oxidation). Larger regional effects are predicted, with Cl accounting for similar to 10 to > 20% of total boundary layer CH4 oxidation in some locations.
Source:

Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 121(23), 14271-14297.
DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025756
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Journal Article
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CC BY
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urn:sha256:2e569c4b0468bca9dd7214d38cef03ca2e2762340121190d656de2c7dd8fb5d9
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A global model of tropospheric chlorine chemistry: Organic versus inorganic sources and impact on methane oxidation

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