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A two-channel, tunable diode laser-based hygrometer for measurement of water vapor and cirrus cloud ice water content in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
  • Published Date:
    2015
  • Source:
    Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8(1), 211-224.
Filetype[PDF-2.65 MB]


Details:
  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    The recently developed NOAA Water instrument is a two-channel, closed-path, tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer designed for the measurement of upper troposphere/lower stratosphere water vapor and enhanced total water (vapor + inertially enhanced condensed phase) from the NASA Global Hawk unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or other high-altitude research aircraft. The instrument utilizes wavelength-modulated spectroscopy with second harmonic detection near 2694 nm to achieve high precision with a 79 cm double-pass optical path. The detection cells are operated under constant temperature, pressure, and flow conditions to maintain a constant sensitivity to H2O independent of the ambient sampling environment. An onboard calibration system is used to perform periodic in situ calibrations to verify the stability of the instrument sensitivity during flight. For the water vapor channel, ambient air is sampled perpendicular to the flow past the aircraft in order to reject cloud particles, while the total water channel uses a heated, forward-facing inlet to sample both water vapor and cloud particles. The total water inlet operates subisokinetically, thereby inertially enhancing cloud particle number in the sample flow and affording increased cloud water content sensitivity. The NOAA Water instrument was flown for the first time during the second deployment of the Airborne Tropical TRopopause EXperiment (ATTREX) in February-March 2013 on the NASA Global Hawk UAS. The instrument demonstrated a typical in-flight precision (1 s, 1 sigma) of better than 0.17 parts per million (ppm, 10(-6) mol mol(-1)), with an overall H2O vapor measurement uncertainty of 5% +/- 0.23 ppm. The inertial enhancement for cirrus cloud particle sampling under ATTREX flight conditions ranged from 33 to 48 for ice particles larger than 8 mu m in diameter, depending primarily on aircraft altitude. The resulting ice water content detection limit (2 sigma) was 0.023-0.013 ppm, corresponding to approximately 2 mu g m(-3), with an estimated overall uncertainty of 20 %.

  • DOI:
    http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-211-2015
  • Document Type:
    Journal Article
  • Collection(s):
    Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)
  • Main Document Checksum:
  • Supporting Files:
    No Additional Files
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      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(9), 6483-6491.
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      Lamy, K.; Portafaix, T.; Brogniez, C.; Godin-Beekmann, S.; Bencherif, H.; Morel, B.; Pazmino, A.; Metzger, J. M.; Auriol, F.; Deroo, C.; Duflot, V.; Goloub, P.; Long, C. N.;
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      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(1), 227-246.
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      Monthly Weather Review, 146(6), 1763-1784.
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      Byju, P.; Dommenget, D.; Alexander, M. A.;
      Published Date:
      2018
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      Geophysical Research Letters, 45(15), 7683-7691.
      Description:
      Sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in portions of the extratropics are known to recur from one winter to the next without persisting through the intervening summer. Previous studies identified only a limited number of midlatitude regions where ...
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      Koss, A. R.; Sekimoto, K.; Gilman, J. B.; Selimovic, V.; Coggon, M. M.; Zarzana, K. J.; Yuan, B.; Lerner, B. M.; Brown, S. S.; Jimenez, J. L.; Krechmer, J.; Roberts, J. M.; Warneke, C.; Yokelson, R. J.; de Gouw, J.;
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      2018
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      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(5), 3299-3319.
      Description:
      Volatile and intermediate-volatility non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) released from biomass burning were measured during laboratory-simulated wildfires by protontransfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTRToF). We identified NMOG contribu...
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      Source:
      Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, 123(2), 1260-1278.
      Description:
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      Su, L. P.; Patton, E. G.; de Arellano, J. V. G.; Guenther, A. B.; Kaser, L.; Yuan, B.; Xiong, F. L. Z.; Shepson, P. B.; Zhang, L.; Miller, D. O.; Brune, W. H.; Baumann, K.; Edgerton, E.; Weinheimer, A.; Misztal, P. K.; Park, J. H.; Goldstein, A. H.; Skog, K. M.; Keutsch, F. N.; Mak, J. E.;
      Published Date:
      2016
      Source:
      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 16(12), 7725-7741.
      Description:
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      2018
      Source:
      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(5), 3369-3385.
      Description:
      In a changing climate, potential stratospheric circulation changes require long-term monitoring. Stratospheric trace gas measurements are often used as a proxy for stratospheric circulation changes via the "mean age of air" values derived from them. ...
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      Min, K. E.; Washenfelder, R. A.; Dube, W. P.; Langford, A. O.; Edwards, P. M.; Zarzana, K. J.; Stutz, J.; Lu, K.; Rohrer, F.; Zhang, Y.; Brown, S. S.;
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      2016
      Source:
      Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 9(2), 423-440.
      Description:
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      Garfinkel, C. I.; Gordon, A.; Oman, L. D.; Li, F.; Davis, S.; Pawson, S.;
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      2018
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      Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(7), 4597-4615.
      Description:
      A series of simulations using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model are analyzed in order to aid in the interpretation of observed interannual and sub-decadal variability in the tropical lower stratosphere over the past 35 y...
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