{"Bibliographic":{"Title":"National winter storms operations plan","Authors":"","Publication date":"1978","Publisher":""},"Administrative":{"Date created":"08-16-2023","Language":"English","Rights":"CC 0","Size":"0000048577"},"Pages":[".06\nPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\nN281\n485\n1978\nDEPARTMENT\n78=3\nOF\nCOMMUNICA\nERAL COORDINATOR FOR\n*\nMETEOROLOGICAL SERVICES\nAND SUPPORTING RESEARCH\nSTATES\nOF\nNational Winter Storms\nOperations Plan\nFCM 78-3\nWashington, D.C.\nOctober 1978","QC\n959\n, U6\nN381\nfamilies.com States office of\nU.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE\nNATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION\n1978\nFEDERAL COORDINATOR FOR METEOROLOGICAL\nSERVICES AND SUPPORTING RESEARCH,\nNATIONAL WINTER STORMS\nOPERATIONS PLAN,\nCENTRAL\nLIBRARY\nSEP 11 1979\nN.O.A.A.\nU. S. Dept. of Commerce\nWashington, D.C.\nOctober 1978\nFCM 78-3\n78\n3163","FOREWORD\nIn a memorandum dated October 23, 1969, the Chairman, Interdepartmental\nCommittee for Meteorological Services (ICMS), established a Working Group\nto function under the purview of the Subcommittee on Basic Meteorological\nServices (SC/BMS). The task of the Group was to develop an Operations Plan\ndesigned to furnish weather observations for use in predicting and providing\nadequate and timely warnings of severe and crippling winter storms along\nthe east coast of the United States. This Plan was to consider use of surface\nplatforms, aircraft, and satellites. Arrangements, if practical, were to\nbe made to meet the data requirements of research facilities.\nThe National East Coast Winter Storms Operations Plan was developed to\nmeet this request. With this edition, the Plan has been expanded geographically\nto cover data requirements in the Gulf of Mexico and the name has been\nchanged to the National Winter Storms Plan to reflect this expanded\ncoverage. The Plan covers that part of the year having a relatively high\nincidence of winter storms along the east and Gulf coasts. This period\nis from November 1 to April 15. The Plan lists only those special arrangements\nbetween the agencies involved in meeting the objective of furnishing special\nweather observations for use in warning of severe winter storms along the\nGulf and east coasts.\nThis document is the 10th annual edition of the Plan. It represents a\ngeneral update of the previous edition. The most significant changes\ninclude (1) revision of reconnaissance tracks on the east coast and\n(2) addition of reconnaissance tracks and satellite and buoy information\nover the Gulf of Mexico.\nRichard E. Hallgren\nFederal Coordinator for Meteorological\nServices and Supporting Research\nii","TABLE OF CONTENTS\nPage\nii\nForeword\nvi\nAcknowledgments\nResponsibilities of Cooperating Agencies and\nChapter 1.\n1\nArea of Concern\n4\nChapter 2.\nAircraft Reconnaissance\n10\nAppendix 2-A.\nAir Force Tracks\n21\nWinter Storm Plan of the Day Format\nAppendix 2-B.\n22\nChapter 3.\nObservations\n28\nChapter 4.\nCommunications\n30\nAppendix 4-A.\nAircraft Reconnaissance Communications\n31\nAppendix 4-B.\nOrganizational Communication Capabilities\n32\nChapter 5.\nPublicity\n33\nChapter 6.\nList of Acronyms and Abbreviations\niii","LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES\nPage\nFigure\nAir Force Track 01\n10\n2A-1\n2A-2\nAir Force Track 02\n11\nAir Force Track 03\n12\n2A-3\n2A-4\nAir Force Track 04\n13\n2A-5\nAir Force Track 05\n14\n2A-6\nAir Force Track 06\n15\nAir Force Track 07\n16\n2A-7\nAir Force Track 08\n17\n2A-8\nAir Force Track 09\n18\n2A-9\n2A-10\nAir Force Track 10\n19\nAir Force Track 11\n20\n2A-11\nEast and Gulf Coast Data Buoy Locations\n26\n3-1\nSearch and Rescue Circuit (SARLANT) GT 7990\n4-1\n29\nTable\n2-1\nRequirement for Aircraft Reconnaissance Data\n9\nSatellites and Satellite Data Availability for Winter\n3-1\n27\nStorm Season\niv","CHANGE LOG\nChange\nNo\nPage numbers\nDate posted\nSignature\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n11\n12\n13\n14\n15\n16\n17\n18\n19\n20\nV","ACKNOWLEDGMENTS\nThe Working Group of the Subcommittee on Basic Meteorological Services grate-\nfully appreciates the time and effort of the following member agencies in the\ndevelopment of this Plan.\nDepartment of Commerce:\nNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\nNational Weather Service\nNational Environmental Satellite Service\nResearch Laboratories, Research Facilities Center\nNOAA Data Buoy Office\nDepartment of Defense:\nDeputy Director for Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff\n(Environmental Services)\nU.S. Air Force\nU.S. Navy\nDepartment of Transportation:\nFederal Aviation Administration\nU.S. Coast Guard\nvi","CHAPTER 1\nRESPONSIBILITIES OF COOPERATING AGENCIES AND\nAREA OF CONCERN\nThe National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shall:\n1.\nProvide basic surface, upper air, and radar observations from its\na.\nnetwork of stations making such observations.\nb. Provide basic analyses and forecasts through the National Meteoro-\nlogical Center (NMC), Camp Springs, Md.\nC. Provide special numbered storm summaries to the general public and\nto all concerned interests through Storm Coordination Centers (SCC) at Boston,\nWashington, Miami, New Orleans, and Chicago.\nd. Provide statements and warnings through Weather Service Forecast\nOffices (WSFO) and local Weather Service Offices (WSO) along the eastern\nseaboard and Gulf of Mexico.\ne. Provide advice on aircraft reconnaissance requirements forwarded\nthrough the WSFO Miami to the Chief, Aerial Reconnaissance Coordination,\nAll Hurricanes (CARCAH), from the National Meteorological Center (NMC)\nWashington. NMC is the central coordinating office for this program for all\nreconnaissance requirements.\nf. Provide additional observations, when required, making available\nall reports to any requesting agency.\ng. Operate satellite systems capable of providing coverage of the\neast coast of the United States and the Gulf of Mexico during the winter\nstorms season.\nh. Coordinate with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration\n(NASA) to obtain pertinent meteorological data from NASA research and\ndevelopment experimental satellites.\ni. Coordinate with the DOD Services to obtain pertinent meteorological\ndata from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program.\nj. Provide data in the form of pictures for selected situations to\nauthorized research facilities.\nk. Furnish aircraft to support the reconnaissance and research objectives\nof the National Winter Storms program.\n(1)\nPrimary Objective is to participate and provide additional\nreal-time meteorological data to operational forecasters in an attempt to\nimprove the quality of forecasts associated with winter coastal storms.\n(2) Secondary Objective is to provide data that will permit\nanalyses and a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of these\nwinter storm systems.\n1","CHAPTER 1\n1. Provide oceanographic and meteorological surface data obtained\nfrom offshore buoy deployment, if possible within existing facilities.\nm. Provide dissemination of weather observation data received by\nMIAMI monitor to appropriate agencies.\nn. Reimburse the Air Force for the aircraft reconnaissance flown in\nsupport of this Plan in accordance with the NOAA/USAF Memorandum of Under-\nstanding dated 16 March 1976.\nThe National Weather Service is responsible for the issuance of winter\nweather forecasts, watches, and warnings to the public and various specialized\nuser groups. Its responsibilities are documented in Weather Service\nOperations Manual Chapters A-02, \"Weather Service Mission\", and C-42,\n\"Winter Weather Warnings.\"\nThe Department of Defense (DOD) shall:\n2.\na. Make available to NOAA agencies through the Automated Weather\nNet (AWN) interface basic surface, upper air, and radar observations from\nthose DOD stations making such observations and PIREPs that become available.\nb. Furnish to the National Weather Service, (1) aircraft reconnaissance\nobservations that are within its capabilities and in accord with established\nreconnaissance priorities, and (2) special observations detailed in Chapter 3\nof this Plan.\nC. Designate CARCAH as the point of contact for coordination with\nNMC for aircraft reconnaissance required in support of this Plan.\nd. Provide weather reconnaissance data monitor services to evaluate\nand disseminate reconnaissance reports.\ne. Provide USAF aeronautical station communications to relay reconnaissance\nreports from the aircraft to the weather monitors.\nf. Provide warnings to all DOD facilities and military units of\nweather factors which threaten to inhibit their operations or to damage\ntheir installations.\nThe U.S. Navy, through the Naval Oceanography Command, is responsible for\nissuance of gale, storm, and high seas warnings for fleet operations and\nNavy shore installations within the east coast area as elaborated in\nDIRNAVOCEANMET Instruction 3140.1 (series).\nThe U.S. Air Force, through the Air Weather Service, is responsible for the\nissuance of military weather warning advisories and point warnings to all\n2","CHAPTER 1\nAir Force and Army (including Reserve and National Guard) installations,\nfacilities, and operations related to winter storms for those\nhazardous phenomena specified in Air Weather Service Regulation 105-8.\nThe Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) shall provide for:\n3.\na. Air traffic control, communication, and flight assistance services\nas appropriate in support of this Plan.\nb. Dissemination of Pilot Reports (PIREPS) .\nC. Flight Service Station (FSS) and Tower aviation observations.\n4.\nThe U.S. Coast Guard shall:\na. Provide surface observations to NWS from its coastal facilities\nand vessels.\nb. Interrogate surface ships of opportunity for special weather\nobservations through the Automated Mutual - Assistance Vessel Rescue\n(AMVER) system.\nC. Provide personnel, vessel, and communication support to the NOAA\nData Buoy Office for development, deployment, and operation of environmental\ndata buoy systems.\nd. Provide communication circuits for relay of weather observations\nto NWS.\ne. Provide coastal broadcast facilities at selected locations for\ndissemination of forecasts and warnings.\n5.\nArea of Concern:\nThe geographic area of concern covers the Gulf of Mexico extending about\n150 miles inland along the U.S. Gulf Coast. In the Atlantic, the area of\nconcern ranges from latitudes 30°N to 48°N, west of longitude 65°W, extending\nabout 150 miles inland along the eastern coast of the United States.\n3","CHAPTER 2\nAIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE\n1. Responsibility.\nU.S. Air Force (USAF) The USAF WC-130 sorties will be conducted\na.\nfor storm and storm threat situations. All USAF sorties in support of\nthis plan will be assigned by CARCAH in the Winter Storm Plan of the Day\n(WSPOD).\nNOAA, Research Facilities Center (RFC). The NOAA RFC aircraft\nb.\nflights will be available on request for a storm or storm threat situation\nand will be used when available as backup for USAF aircraft reconnaissance.\nAdditionally, they may be flown on storms of research interest as desired\nby the Environmental Research Laboratories. All such flights will be\nassigned by CARCAH in the WSPOD.\n2. Operational Control Aircrafts. Operational control of reconnaissance\naircraft will be exercised by the agency to which the aircraft is assigned.\nReconnaissance Planning and Flight Notification.\n3.\nRequirements. NMC will forward sortie/alert needs to CARCAH\na.\nthrough SCC Miami for tasking in the Winter Storm Plan of the Day (WSPOD)\nwithin responsibilities stated above. CARCAH will advise NMC of mission\navailability or nonavailability and expected responsiveness of USAF\nand RFC assets (see paragraph 3e (4) on responsiveness). NMC will be\nresponsible for requesting all reconnaissance flights and will provide\ninformation as specified in paragraph 3.e. below.\n(1) Reconnaissance Requirements. NMC will forward NWS mission\nrequirements, for the next 24-hour period (0500%-0500Z) and an outlook\nfor the succeeding 24 hours, to CARCAH not later than 1430Z each day.\nVertical observation positions will be identified by NMC through CARCAH\nand will identify vertical observation requirements (approximately 200 nmi\ninterval).\nChanges to Requirements. Changes to mission requirements will be\nb.\naccepted by the appropriate point of contact based on the following\nguidelines:\n(1) Early departures will not be requested.\n(2) When notification is received more than 2 1/2 hours prior to\nscheduled aircraft departure:\n(a) Changes to tracks will be limited to substitution of\none track for another.\n(b) Departure delays will be accepted provided the delay\nplus the flight plan time does not exceed 13 1/2 hours.\n4","CHAPTER 2\n(3) When notification is received more than 4 hours prior to\nscheduled aircraft departure time, departure delay requests will be evaluated\nin accordance with appropriate flight management directives. Delays exceeding\nthat specified in paragraph 3b (2) (b) may be accepted in certain circumstances.\n(4) Point of contact for all of the above changes will be CARCAH.\n(5) Coordination of meteorological data requirements will be\naccomplished prior to each flight. The flight meteorologist responsible for\nthe mission will contact the NMC via telephone approximately 2 1/2 hours\nprior to scheduled aircraft departure time. At this time, specific areas\nof interest will be discussed.\nC. Cancellation of Requirements. Missions should be cancelled\nprior to aircraft departure and as much in advance as possible to allow\nmaximum resource conservation. Cancellation after departure may result\nin degradation of follow-on mission capability.\nd. Satisfaction of Requirements.\n(1) Requirements are considered satisfied when an observation\nis or could have been taken (as in the case where aircraft are diverted from\noriginal track) at the specified location within the interval from 1 hour\nprior to 30 minutes after scheduled time.\n(2) Requirements will be considered as satisfied \"late\" when\nan observation is or could have been taken at the specified location more\nthan 30 minutes after the scheduled time, but prior to the requirement\nexpiration time.\n(3) Normally, no credit will be given for early missions.\n(4) The requesting agency (NMC and/or appropriate WSFO) will provide\nCARCAH a written assessment of the weather reconnaissance mission anytime\nits timeliness and quality are outstanding or substandard. These assessments\nshould be mailed to:\nOL G, HQS AWS\nP.O. Box 248286\nUniversity of Miami\nCoral Gables, FL 33124\n5","CHAPTER 2\nReconnaissance Winter Storm Plan of the Day (WSPOD).\ne.\n(1) Coordination. NMC will coordinate with the appropriate NWS\nfield offices as needed and provide WSPOD information to CARCAH through SCC\nMiami by 1430Z. Direct discussion in weather situations is also encouraged\nbetween the Navy and NMC with respect to storm or storm threat situations.\nNavy point of contact is the FLEAWEACEN Norfolk Command Duty Officer and\nthe optimum time is 1330 local. The following data will be provided to\nCARCAH when applicable.\n(a) Track and level desired. For mission altitude\na\nsecond choice of level will be given in case level desired is not feasible\ndue to probable icing or other operational constraints.\n(b) Selected trackpoint (Control Point) and time aircraft\nis required at the point.\n(c) Special observations or dropsonde release points.\n(d) Expiration time of requirement (time mission is regarded\nas dropped). .\n(e) Succeeding day outlook (anticipated track, control\npoint, control point time--not earlier than).\n(2) Preparation. Utilizing requirements stated by NMC,\nCARCAH will prepare the WSPOD as required throughout the season in\ncoordination with the Air Force and RFC to effect maximum useful data from\navailable resources. Format will be as shown in Appendix 2-C.\n(3) Dissemination. The WSPOD will be made available in message\nform to all appropriate agencies that provide support to or exercise\ncontrol of the missions. CARCAH will be responsible for disseminating\nthe WSPOD by 2000Z on the day preceding the planned requirement. Amendments\nwill be disseminated as required. Negative WSPODs will not be disseminated\nexcept to cancel a previously published requirement or outlook.\n(4) Responsiveness.\n(a) Notification of requirements must occur early enough to\nallow 16 hours plus en route flying time to the control point.\n(b) The Succeeding Day Outlook portion of the WSPOD is\ndesigned to allow advance notification.\n(c) When circumstances do not allow the appropriate\nnotification lead time, the mission will be levied as \"resources permitting.\"\n6","CHAPTER 2\n4. Reconnaissance Flights.\na. General Storm Tracks.\n(1) Air Force tracks 01 through 11 (Appendix 2-A) will normally\nbe flown during storm situations or storm threat.\n(2) Within operational limitations and with prior ARTCC approval,\nairborne diversions deemed advisable by the airborne meteorologist may be made\nfrom these tracks.\n(3) Permanent changes to winter storm reconnaissance tracks must\nbe coordinated with and approved by the appropriate FAA ARTCCs at least 30\ndays in advance of the implementation date.\nb. Flight Plans. The flight plans for reconnaissance flights will\nbe filed with FAA as soon as practicable before departure time.\nC. Flight Levels. Reconnaissance aircraft will fly only at ARTCC\nassigned altitudes and will accept flight level changes when requested\nby FAA.\nd. Dropsonde Releases. Dropsonde instrument releases will be coordinated\nwith the appropriate ARTCC at least 10 minutes before droptime, except\nfor those outside of controlled airspace which do not require coordination.\ne. Air Traffic Control Clearances.\n(1) Air Traffic Control clearances, unless otherwise coordinated\nprior to the flight with the responsible ATC facility, will provide ATC\nseparation between all aircraft operating on storm missions and between\nthese aircraft and other nonparticipating aircraft operating within con-\ntrolled airspace. Mission commanders should be aware that nonparticipating\naircraft may be operating over and nearby the storm area, thus adherence\nto ATC clearances is mandatory for safety purposes.\n(2) Air Traffic Control, as a routine procedure, increases the\nvertical separation maintained between aircraft when reports from pilots\nindicate their inability to maintain assigned altitudes due to turbulence.\nPilots should be aware, however, that unless such reports are received,\nonly normal vertical separation of 1,000 feet below FL290 and 2,000 feet\nabove FL290 will be provided by ATC to aircraft operating in the storm\narea. Thus, the fact that storm-mission aircraft have filed flight plans\nand are operating 5,000 or 10,000 feet apart, does not imply that the\naltitudes (flight levels) in between may not be in use by nonstorm aircraft.\n(3) Any procedures desired by storm-mission commanders concerning\nATC separation which is outside of the above parameters must be specifically\ncoordinated with the ATC center(s) of concern.\n7","CHAPTER 2\nf. Data Requirements. Data requirements are defined in Table 2-1.\nData will be coded and transmitted in standard RECCO (flight level observa-\ntions) or WMO TEMP DROP (dropsonde soundings) format.\n(1) Appended to the first observation will be plain language\nremarks stating departure station (ICAO four letter identifier), time of\ndeparture, and ETA at control point.\nExample:\nAF 987 TRACK 01 OB01\n93/// DPTD KBIX 10/0845Z ETA 37.3N 72.3W\n97779\n10/1210Z\n(2) Appended to the last observation will be plain language remarks\nstating ETA and intended arrival station (ICAO four letter identifier), ,\nnumber of observations, and monitor that copies observations.\nExample:\nAF 968 TRACK 05 OB06\n91///\n97779\nETA KBIX 17/2300Z OBS 01 THRU 14 to KMIA\n95559\n8","Direction)\n(Wind direction)\nPosition within\nPosition within\n(wave height)\n(wave length)\n+ 10° (Wind\n(Wind speed)\n+ 5 kt,\nAccuracy\n+ 2 mb\n+ 10 ft\nrequired\n+ 1°c\n+ 20 m\n20 nmi\n20 nni\n+ 10%\n5 kt\no\n10\nIntermediate observations\nwill be appended to each\nin Plan of the Day (drop\nspecified on the tracks.\nDropsondes as specified\nhorizontal observation.\ninterval approximately\n200 nni) Horizontal\nobservations required\nobservation at or\nTime and frequency\nEvery horizontal\nof observations\non tracks 01-04.)\nobservations are\n(No intermediate\nWhen available.\nbelow 700 mb.\nTABLE 2-1. REQUIREMENT FOR AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE DATA\nAreal portion of cyclone\nor environment in which\nThroughout the marine\ndefined in Chapter 1.\ndata are needed\nportion of area as\nAll quadrants.\nAll sectors.\nAltitudes at which\ndata are required\nindicated in the\nSea surface.\nAny level.\nAt altitudes\nWSPOD.\nnational weather\nSynoptic data--\nwind estimates.\nData required\nprediction and\nmoisture, and\nwave lengths,\nmedium-range\nLocation and\ntemperature,\nforecasting.\nheights and\nsea surface\nwinds--for\nOcean wave\n(heights) ,\npressure\nstrength\nof radar\nechoes","65°\n30°\n35\nDANER/WX\no\n40°\nSWAPS/WX\nFLANN\nWX\n70°\nACK\nGILBA/WX\nMILKS\nHTO\nBOSTON\nCORAN/WX\nMERCI\nCHAMP\nWX\nLEVER/WX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 01\nSIE\nwhere climb to 300mb can be\nNEW YORK\nNote: * denotes approximate point\n75°\nWX\nENO\nSMELT/WX\nORF\nWASHINGTON\nGVG\nRDU\ninitiated.\nWX\nFIGURE 2A-1\nCHS\n80°\nSPA\nJAX\nMCN\n3025N 08855W\n3044N 08822W\n08691W\n08339W\n08002W\n07940W\n07700W\n07436W\n07229W\n07145W\n07144W\n07141W\n07030W\n06957W\n06942W\n06904W\n07019W\n07137W\n07336W\n07700W\n07940W\n08002W\n08339W\n08619W\n08822W\n08855W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\n3213N\n3241N\n3254N\n3249N\n3159N\n3300N\n3352N\n3500N\n3630N\n3731N\n3918N\n3820N\n2724N\n3516N\n3255N\n3201N\n3201N\n3159N\n3249N\n3254N\n3241N\n3213N\n3044N\n3025N\n85°\nMGM\nCEW\nKEESLER AFB\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 01\nBIX DESTINATION\nSJI\nBIX DEPARTURE\nSMELT/WX\nLEVER/WX\n*GILBA/WX\nDANER/WX\nSWAPS/WX\nCORAN/WX\nSMELT/WX\nMERCI\nCHAMP\nFLANN\nMILKS\n90\nSJI\nMGM\nMCN\nCHS\nCHS\nMCN\nMGM\nSJI\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX","65°\no\n30°\n35\nDANER/WX\n40°\nSWAPS/WX\nFLANN\nWX\n70°\nACK\nGILBA/WX\nMILKS\nHTO\nBOSTON\nCORAN/WX\nMERCI\nCHAMP\nWX\nLEVER/WX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 02\nSIE\nNEW YORK\n* denotes approximate point\nwhere climb to 300mb can be\n75°\nWX\nENO\nSMELT/WX\nORF\nWASHINGTON\nGVG\nRDU\nWX\nFIGURE 2A-2\ninitiated.\nCHS\n80°\nNote:\nSPA\nJAX\nMCN\n3025N 08855W\n3044N 08822W\n08619W\n08339W\n08002W\n07940W\n07700W\n07336W\n07137W\n07019W\n06904W\n06942W\n06957W\n07030W\n07141W\n07144W\n07145W\n07229W\n07436W\n07700W\n07940W\n08002W\n08339W\n08619W\n08822W\n08855W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\n85°\n3213N\n3241N\n3254N\n3249N\n3159N\n3201N\n3201N\n3255N\n3516N\n3724N\n3820N\n3918N\n3731N\n3630N\n3500N\n3352N\n3300N\n3159N\n3249N\n3254N\n3241N\n3213N\n3044N\n3025N\nMGM\nCEW\nKEESLER AFB\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 02\nSJI\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nSMELT/WX\nCORAN/WX\nSWAPS/WX\n*DANER/WX\nGILBA/WX\nLEVER/WX\nSMELT/WX\n90°\nMILKS\nFLANN\nCHAMP\nMERCI\nSJI\nMGM\nMCN\nCHS\nCHS\nMCM\nMGM\nSJI\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX","65°\nO\n30\no\n35°\nPOGGO\no\n40°\nFLANN/WX\nWX\nWX\n70°\nACK\nMERCI\nWX\nLEVER/WX\nHTO\nBOSTON\nWX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 03\nWX\nSIE\nNEW YORK\n* denotes approximate point\nwhere climb to 300mb can be\n75°\nENO\nSMELT/WX\nORF\nWASHINGTON\nGVG\nRDU\nWX\nFIGURE 2A-3\ninitiated\nCHS\n80°\nNote:\nSPA\nJAX\nMCN\n3025N 08855W\n3044N 08822W\n3213N 08619W\n3502N 08156W\n3801N 07809W\n3914N 07531W\n07448W\n07333W\n07219W\n07100W\n07002W\n4111N 06830W\n06700W\n400ON 06800W\n3820N 06957W\n3600N 07115W\n3500N 07145W\n3352N 07229₩\n3300N 07436W\n07700W\n07940W\n08002W\n08339W\n08619W\n08822W\n3025N 08855W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\n85°\n3906N\n3956N\n4055N\n4106N\n4117N\n4100N\n3159N\n3249N\n3254N\n3241N\n3213N\n3044N\nMGM\nCEW\nKEESLER AFB\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 03\nSJI\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nFLANN/WX\nLEVER/WX\nSMELT/WX\n90°\nPOGGO\nMERCI\nSJI\nMGM\nSPA\nGVG\nENO\nSIE\nHTO\nACK\nCHS\nMCN\nMGM\nSJI\nWX\nWX\n*WX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX","65°\no\n30°\no\n35\nPOGGO\n40°\nFLANN/WX\nWX\nWX\n70°\nACK\nMERCI\nWX\nLEVER/WX\nHTO\nBOSTON\nWX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 04\nWX\nSIE\n* denotes approximate point\nwhere climb to 300mb can be\nNEW YORK\n75°\nENO\nSMELT/WX\nORF\nWASHINGTON\nGVG\nRDU\nWX\ninitiated.\nFIGURE 2A-4\nCHS\n80°\nNote:\nSPA\nJAX\nMCN\n08822W\n3025N 08855W\n4106N 07100W\n07219W\n07333W\n07448W\n07531W\n3801N 07809W\n3502N 08156W\n08619W\n07145W\n3600N 07115W\n3820N 06957W\n4000N 06800W\n4100N 06700W\n4111N 06830W\n07002W\n3025N 08855W\n3044N 08822W\n3213N 08619W\n3241N 08339W\n3254N 08002W\n07940W\n3159N 07700W\n07436W\n3352N 07229W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\n85°\n3213N\n3044N\n4117N\n4055N\n3956N\n3906N\n3914N\n3249N\n3300N\n3500N\nMGM\nCEW\nKEESLER AFB\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 04\nSJI\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nSMELT/WX\nLEVER/WX\n*FLANN/WX\n90°\nMERCI\nPOGGO\nACK\nHTO\nSIE\nENO\nGVG\nSPA\nMGM\nSJI\nSJI\nMGM\nMCN\nCHS\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX\nWX","O\n20'\n25\n80°\no\n30'\n3025N 08855W\n2756N 08444W\n2851N 08840W\n3014N 08903W\n2435N 08821W\n2455N 08746W\n2602N 08545W\n2732N 09509W\n2538N 09531W\n2400N 09300W\n2344N 08949W\n2815N 09128W\n2815N 09345W\n2815N 09500W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\n2851N 08840W\nCOORDINATES\nJAX\nI\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 05\nCOVIA/WX\nBIX DESTINATION\nTLH\nBIX DEPARTURE\nMINOW/WX\nCLAYTON/WX\nELIOM/WX\nMINOW/WX\nCOVIA/WX\nALARD/WX\nSANTI/WX\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nSANTI\nALLBA\nSWORD\nEARNS\nDOG\nDOG\nELIOM/WX\nCEW\nAIR FORCE TRACK 05\nSANTI/WX\nSWORD\nSJI\nALARD/WX\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\n90°\nFIGURE 2A-5\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nEARNS\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nCLAYTON/WX\nALLBA","2538N 09531W .0°\n25\n2815N 09128W\n2911N 09006W\n3025N 08855W\n2732N 09509W\n2815N 09500W\n2815N 09345W\n2435N 08821W\n2344N 08949W\n2400N 09300W\n30°\n2851N 08844W\n2756N 08444W\n2602N 08545W\n2455N 08746W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\nCOORDINATES\nJAX\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 06\nBIX DESTINATION\nCOVIA/WX\nBIX DEPARTURE\nTLH\nCLAYTON/WX\nMINOW/WX\nBOGGY/WX\nMINOW/WX\nELIOM/WX\nALARD/WX\nSANTI/WX\nCOVIA/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nALLBA\nEARNS\nSWORD\nLEV\nDOG\nELIOM/WX\nCEW\nAIR FORCE TRACK 06\nSANTI/WX\nSWORD\nSJI\nALARD/WX\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\n90°\nFIGURE 2A-6\nLEV\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nEARNS\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nCLAYTON/WX\nALLBA","20\n25'\nO\n80°\n30°\n2814N 08853W\n3025N 08855W\nJAX\n2732N 09509W\n2538N 09531W\n2400N 09300W\n2344N 08949W\n2600N 09000W\n2851N 08840W\n2815N 09128W\n2815N 09345W\n2815N 09500W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 07\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nCLAYTON/WX\nVIPER/WX\nALARD/WX\nSANTI/WX\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 07\nCEW\nALLBA\nEARNS\nDOG\nSANTI/WX\nVIPER/WX\nSJI\nALARD/WX\nRPPT/WX\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\nFIGURE 2A-7\n90°\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nEARNS\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nALLBA\nCLAYTON/WX","20°\n25°\nO\n80°\n30\n2911N 09006W\n3025N 08855W\n2815N 09500W\n2815N 09345W\n2815N 09128W\n2538N 09531W\n2732N 09507W\n2600N 09000W\n2344N 08949W\n2400N 09300W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\n2814N 08853W\nJAX\nCOORDINATES\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nTLH\nAIR FORCE TRACK 08\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nCLAYTON/WX\nBOGGY/WX\nVIPER/WX\nALARD/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nALLBA\nEARNS\nCEW\nAIR FORCE TRACK 08\nLEV\nDOG\nVIPER/WX\nSJI\nALARD/WX\nRPPT/WX\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\n90°\nFIGURE 2A-8\nLEV\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nEARNS\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nALLBA\nCLAYTON/WX","20\n25°\nO\n80°\n30°\nJAX\n3025N 08855W\n2421N 09121W\n2600N 09000W\n2814N 08853W\n2300N 09600W\n2100N 09400W\n2241N 09242W\n2634N 09300W\n2500N 09421W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\n2851N 08840W\n2815N 09128W\nCOORDINATES\nTLH\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\n85°\nAIR FORCE TRACK 09\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\nCEW\nVIPER/WX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 09\nSANTI/WX\nBOGGY/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nSANTI/WX\nVIPER/WX\nDOG\nWX\nWX\nWX\nSJI\nRPPT/WX\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\n90°\nFIGURE 2A-9\nWX\ne\nBOGGY/WX\nWX\nWX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nRPPT/WX","20\nO\n25\n80°\no\n30°\n2815N 09128W\n2911N 09006W\n3025N 08855W\n2241N 09242W\n2100N 09400W\n2300N 09600W\n2500N 09421W\n2634N 09300W\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\n2814N 08853W\n2600N 09000W\n2421N 09121W\nCOORDINATES\nJAX\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 10\nTLH\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\n85°\nBOGGY/WX\nVIPER/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nCEW\nLEV\nDOG\nWX\nWX\nWX\nAIR FORCE TRACK 10\nVIPER/WX\nSJI\nDOG\nRPPT/WX\nKEESLER\nAFB\n90°\nFIGURE 2A-10\nLEV\nWX\nBOGGY/WX\nWX\ne\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\nRPPT/WX\n95°\nRPPT/WX","20°\n25°\no\n80°\n30°\nJAX\nTLH\nDONALD\n85°\no\nWX\nFISHER/WX\nROBIN\nAIR FORCE TRACK 11\nCEW\nCLARY/WX\nELIOM\nVIPER/WX\nSJI\nDOG\nKEESLER\nAFB\nFIGURE 2A-11\n90°\n3025N 08855W\n3014N 08903W\n2814N 08853W\n2604N 08824W\n2455N 08746W\n2333N 08703W\n2224N 08629W\n2100N 08542W\n2011N 08517W\n2100N 08542W\n2224N 08629W\n2333N 08703W\n08746W\n08824W\n2814N 08853W\n08855W\nCOORDINATES\n2455N\n2604N\n3025N\nLOCATION IDENTIFIER\nAIR FORCE TRACK 11\nBIX DESTINATION\nBIX DEPARTURE\n95°\nFISHER/WX\nFISHER/WX\nVIPER/WX\nCLARY/WX\nCLARY/WX\nDONALD\nELIOM\nROBIN\nROBIN\nELIOM\nVIPER\nDOG\nWX\nWX\ns\nc","CHAPTER 2\nAPPENDIX B\nWINTER STORM PLAN OF THE DAY FORMAT\nO/R (DTG)\nFM OLG AWS CORAL GABLES FL/CARCAH\nTO (MAC APPROVED MILITARY ADDRESSEES) / (NOAA ADDRESSEES VIA GT7072) / NOUS 42/ARTCC\nBT\nUNCLAS\n(DTG)\nTO (DTG)\nSUBJECT: RECONNAISSANCE WSPOD FM\n(AMENDMENT NR\n) FOLLOWS\n1. FLIGHT NR\n(CONTROL POINT) / (TIME) Z\nA.\n(MISSION IDENTIFIER*)\nB.\nC.\n(ETD)\n(DEPARTURE STATION)\nD.\n(EN ROUTE ALTITUDE)\nE.\n(TRACK)\nF.\n(EXPIRATION TIME OF REQUIREMENT)\nG.\n(DROPSONDE POSITIONS)\nH.\n(REMARKS) **\nI.\n(OUTLOOK FOR SUCCEEDING DAY)\n2.\n(ANTICIPATED TRACK)\na.\nb.\n(CONTROL POINT)\n(CONTROL POINT TIME--NOT EARLIER THAN)\nC.\n* (IDENTIFIER) ASSIGNED BY CARCAH FOR WEATHER DATA\nIDENTIFICATION. EXAMPLE: AF 968 TRACK 01.\n** (REMARKS) THE FLYING UNIT ASSIGNED THE MISSION\nWILL BE LISTED IN THIS SECTION (920 WRG, 53 WRS, or RFC) .\n21","CHAPTER 3\nOTHER OBSERVATIONS\n1. General. In addition to aerial reconnaissance data, the observational\nsystem used in support of the National Winter Storm Operations Plan includes\nland surface, ship, radar, buoy, upper air, and satellite data. The routine\noperations of these various data sources are detailed in the following\nseries of Federal Handbooks and Plans:\nFederal Meteorological Handbook Number 1, Surface Observations\nFederal Meteorological Handbook Number 7, Weather Radar Observations\nNational Weather Service Weather Radar Manual\nOperations of the National Weather Service\nFederal Meteorological Handbook Number 2, Synoptic Observations\nFederal Plan for Environmental Data Buoys\nFederal Meteorological Handbook Number 4, Radiosonde Code\nThe GOES/SMS User's Guide and Operational Amendments\nProcedures for obtaining special or nonroutine observations required in\nsupport of winter storm detection and forecasting, while covered to some\nextent in these documents, are described in detail in Weather Service\nOperations Manual Chapter B-90, Special Warning Program Observations.\nThis chapter covers observational programs of the several agencies\ninvolved.\nThe only observational programs which will be covered in any detail here\nare the two data sources which are still considered somewhat unique and/or\nwere established particularly to help in the winter storm analysis and\nforecast problem.\n2. Satellite Observations\nDepartment of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric\na.\nAdministration, National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS).\n(1) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES).\nThe GOES system consists of two operational satellites located over the\nequator at 75W (GOES East) and 135W (GOES West). GOES East is the primary\nsource of satellite information for this plan. The principal GOES products\n(See Table 3-1) are 1/2 hourly pictures with implanted grids automatically\napplied to all sectors. During the daylight hours 1/2 mile, 1 mile, and\n2 mile resolution fixed standard sectors are produced, and during the\nnight equivalent 1 mile and 2 mile IR (infrared) standard sectors are\nproduced. Additionally, certain IR pictures will be enhanced at specified\ntimes to emphasize various features, and floating sectors at 1/2, 1, and\n2 mile resolution may be produced as desired to augment standard sector\ncoverage. Geographical coverage of standard sectors are indicated in\nthe GOES/SMS User's Guide.\n22","CHAPTER 3\n(2) Polar Orbiting Satellite. The polar orbiting satellite is\nTIROS-N with the first spacecraft scheduled for launch in September 1978.\nPlanned data available from system is indicated in Table 3-1. Visible and\nIR pictures are planned to be centrally received, processed, and disseminated\nto appropriate SFSS's and WSFO's via FOFAX (Forecast Facsimile Circuit)\nand in some instances, the GOES distribution system.\n(3)\nSatellite Field Services Stations (SFSS's) and Satellite\nAnalysis Branch (SAB).\n(a)\nSupport Concept. Under the NESS support concept,\nsatellite imagery in support of the Winter Storms plan is distributed by\nthe Central Data Distribution Facility at Camp Springs, Maryland, to the\nSFSS's, the SAB, and WSFO's.\n1. NESS SAB. The SAB operates 24 hours a day to provide\nsatellite data support to the National Meteorological Center. SAB meteorologists\nconfer with NMC meteorologists concerning current and probable future\ndirection and speed of winter storms based on satellite data and numerical\nforecasts. The possibility of turbulence, icing, and precipitation\namounts are also discussed.\n2. Satellite Field Services Stations. Satellite\nsupport is provided by the MIA SFSS, MKC SFSS, and DCA SFSS to their\ncollocated NWS SCC's. In addition, the following support products are\navailable to the meteorological community:\na. Satellite Interpretation Messages (SIM). SIM's\nare available through the FAA Request/Reply, RAWARC, and Service \"C\"\nteletype circuits. All WSFO's in the Eastern, Central, and Southern Regions\nreceive these automatically as transmitted from the SFSS's. However,\nother users such as those WSO's which are collocated with FAA-FSS may also\nhave access to these SIM's by using the standard Request/Reply teletypewriter\ncapabilities of the FAA-FSS.\nThe heading and issue times for the SIM's are as follows:\nTBXX6 KWBC - Eastern Region - 0300L, 0900L, 1500L, 2100L\nTBXX6 KMKC - Central & Southern Region - 0200Z, 0800Z, 1400Z, 2000Z\nTBXX7 KMKC - Gulf of Mexico - 0000Z, 0500Z, 1200Z, 1800Z\nSIM's may be updated as required by \"weather conditions.\" \"\nb. Satellite Cloudtop and Tropopause (SCAT) messages\nare prepared by DCA SFSS, and contain information on cloud top heights\nand temperatures and tropopause heights over areas of interest throughout\nthe Eastern Region. The heading for SCAT messages is TBXX10 KWBC. Issued\ntimes are 0530Z, 1130Z, 1730Z and 2330Z.\n23","CHAPTER 3\nC. The DCA SFSS prepares and issues a daily message\non snow and ice cover within its area of responsibility. This message is a\n\"verbal nephanalysis\" of existing ground snow and river ice cover and any\nmajor changes (plus or minus) since the previous day. The message heading\nis TBXX11 KWBC and is issued at approximately 2130Z daily.\n(b) NESS Station Contact:\nMiami SFSS (305) 350-4310 and 4460\n0630-1630 EDST\nFTS - 350-4310 and 4460\n2000-0400 EDST\nKansas City SFSS (816) 374-2102 and 2103 24 hrs/day\nFTS - 758-2102 and 2103\nWashington SFSS (301) 763-8424 and 8425 24 hrs/day\nFTS - 763-8424 and 8425\n24 hrs/day\nSatellite Analysis Branch\n(301) 763-8444\nFTS - 763-8444\nDepartment of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The\nb.\nDefense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) routinely has two satellites\ncollecting meteorological imagery and vertical temperature profile data.\nOne satellite is in an early morning/evening orbit, approximately 0700/1900\nlocal equator crossing time. The second is in a noon/midnight orbit,\napproximately 1200/2400 local equator crossing time. DMSP data capabilities\nin the area of concern are provided in Table 3-1 to this Chapter.\nSpecial requests for DMSP support will be addressed to OL-G, AWS.\nEnvironmental Data Buoy Observations. Through its National Data\n3.\nBuoy Office (NDBO), NOAA operates environmental data buoys which provide\nmeteorological and oceanographic data. (See Figure 3-1 for location of\ndata buoys off the U.S. Gulf and east coast). Normally, synoptic data are\nreported once every three hours but may be requested on an hourly basis.\nData are relayed to NMC via GOES and the satellite ground station at\nWallops Island, Va.\na. Special Requests for Data. Requests for reports of hourly data\nduring critical storm periods will be accommodated by telephone requests\nto the Miami Radio Station duty officer, 305-233-2743 (FTS 350-4750)\nThe start and stop time for special hourly reports should be given and\nlimited to 24-hour consecutive operation unless an emergency exists. In\nan emergency, the NDBO should also be consulted, telephone 601-688-2800\nor FTS 494-2800.\nb. Data Provided by Buoys. The parameters measured are sea level\npressure, wind direction and speed, air temperature and sea surface temperature\nat all locations, and wave height spectral data at 41001, 41002, 41004,\nand 44006. Significant wave height and average period are obtained for\nstandard reporting codes from wave height spectral data. Subsurface\n24","CHAPTER 3\nwater temperatures to 300 meters are experimentally measured from 44004.\nThe data are sampled digitally and averaged over an 8 to 10 minute period.\n25","65°\n25°\n30°\n35\n40°\n45\nFIGURE 3-1 DATA BUOY LOCATIONS\n44005\n44003\nA\n70°\nACK\n44004\n41001\nHTO\nBOSTON\n44002\n44001\nSIE\nDATA BUOY LOCATIONS\nNEW YORK\n75°\nA\n41002\nENO\nORF\nWASHINGTON\nGVG\n41004\nRDU\nCHS\n80°\nSPA\nJAX\nMCN\n5\nTLH\n85°\nMGM\nCEW\n42003\nA\nKEESLER\nSJI\nDOMB BUOY LOCATIONS - NWS SUPPORT\n90°\n4200\nCONSHELF BUOY LOCATIONS\nLEGEND\n42002\n95°","TS - Thermal Smooth (Infrared Scanning Radiometer)\n4. Floating sectors at 1/2, 1, and 2 mi. resolution\nTF - Thermal Fine (Infrared Scanning Radiometer)\nsectors covering Western U.S., Mid-West, and\n1. Mapped digitalized SR (cloud cover imagery).\n1. 1/2, 1, and 2 mi. resolution visible standard\nLS - Light Smooth (Visual Scanning Radiometer)\n2. 1 and 2 mi. equivalent IR standard sectors\nLF - Light Fine (Visual Scanning Radiometer)\nfor the entire U.S. (nighttime hours). .\n1. Unmapped imagery (all data types)\n2. Sea-surface Temperature Analysis\n2. Mapped imagery (LS/TS data only)\n3. Equivalent IR enhanced imagery.\nEastern U.S. (daylight hours).\n(visible and equivalent IR).\n5. Full disc IR (day and night)\nTABLE 3-1. SATELLITES AND SATELLITE DATA AVAILABILITY FOR WINTER STORM SEASON\nREMARKS\n3. Moisture Analysis\n7. Wind Analysis\n6. Movie loops\n(0.3 NM)\n(0.3 NM)\n(1.5 NM)\n(1.5 NM)\n4. Soundings\nviewing available)\n(Limited scan for\nEvery 30 minutes\nshort interval\nAVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer\n- Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer\nLOCAL TIME\n(24 hrs/day)\nVISSR - Visible-Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer\n0900/2100\n0700/1900\n1133/2333\n- Automatic Picture Transmission\nTYPE OF DATA\nAPT (direct)\nLF/TF LS/TS\nSR (stored)\nLF/TF LS/TS\n- Scanning Radiometer\nAVHRR\nVISSR\nVTPR\nTIROS-N launch\n(dependent on\nSATELLITE\nGOES East\nGOES West\nschedule)\nTIROS-N\n75.0°W\n135°W\nVTPR\nDMSP\nAPT\nSR","CHAPTER 4\nCOMMUNICATIONS\n1. Department of Commerce.\na. National Weather Service.\nAll of the communication systems in use by the National Weather\nService are used in support of the data collection and warning program\ngiven in this plan. These communication systems are described in the\npublication, Operations of the National Weather Service.\nb. Research Facilities Center.\nThe RFC will use the communications facilities of the Air Force\ndescribed in Appendix 4-A.\n2. Department of Defense.\na. The Air Force's COMEDS Circuit will be used for collection and\ndistribution of east coast winter storms information received from WSFO\nWashington. The Air Force's Automated Weather Net (AWN) will be used for\nthe exchange of data between NOAA and DOD.\nb. The USAF National Winter Storms Reconnaissance Communications\nSupport Plan is contained in Appendix 4-A.\nC. The Common Communication Capabilities of DOD and the National\nWeather Service are contained in Appendix 4-B.\n3. U.S. Coast Guard.\na. Weather Reporting and Data Collection. The Coast Guard operates\nnumerous activities which routinely report or collect meteorological data.\nThose units which will provide data inputs for this program are as follows:\n(1)\nRadio Stations.\n(a) Coast Guard communications facilities at Boston,\nPortsmouth (northwest), Va., Miami, New Orleans, and San Juan collect\nAMVER and METEO messages from merchant vessels on a routine basis. The\nMETEO data are then passed directly to the NMC Suitland over various\nteletypewriter circuits such as GT7990. Figure 4-1 shows the applicable\neast coast commands which have terminations on this circuit.\n28","CHAPTER 4\nCCGDONE BOSTON, MASS.\nCG Communications\nStation, Boston, Mass.\nCA/CCGDTHREE/AMVER\nNew York, N.Y.\n(Commander Atlantic Area)\nWCC, Suitland, Md.\nUSCG Headquarters\nWashington, D.C.\nCCGDFIVE, Portsmouth, Va.\nCG Communications Stations, Portsmouth, Va.\nCCGDEIGHT,\nNEW ORLEANS, LA.\nCCGDSEVEN, Miami, Fla.\nCG Radio Station, Miami, Fla.\nCG Radio Station,\nCG Radio Station,\nSan Juan, Puerto Rico\nNew Orleans, La.\nNote 1: All stations have send/receive capabilities.\nNote 2: CCGD Commander, Coast Guard District.\nNote 3: CA: Commander, Atlantic Area.\nFigure 4-1. Search & Rescue Circuit (SARLANT) GT 7990\n29","CHAPTER 4\nAPPENDIX A\nAIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE COMMUNICATIONS\n1.\nGeneral. Except for aircraft-to-satellite data link equipped aircraft,\nweather reconnaissance observations will be transmitted using HF single\nside band radio through the USAF aeronautical station complex to the\nappropriate weather reconnaissance data monitor. Weather monitors will\nevaluate these reports and disseminate them.\n2. Air/Ground Communications. The USAF aeronautical station contact\nwill depend upon aircraft location and radio propogation conditions.\nInitial contact frequencies are as published in appropriate enroute flight\npublications. After initial contact, aeronautical stations will provide\na discrete frequency for mission use if possible. Aircrew relay of weather\nreconnaissance data will be by direct phone-patch to the weather monitor.\nSpecific radio procedures and terminology will be as described in Allied\nCommunications Publication (ACP) 125. USAF has authorized the use of\n\"Immediate\" precedence for transmission of winter storm reconnaissance\ndata as follows:\nPRIMARY\nSECONDARY\nDirect phone-patch\nDirect phone-patch\nbetween aircraft and\nbetween aircraft and\nthe Miami Weather monitor\nany weather monitor\nthrough any aero station.\nthrough any aero station.\n30","FTS 682-6891, 682-665\nFTS 350-5547/4265/430\nAV 894-1150 (monitor\nCOMM 504-525-0823\nCOMM 305-526-2936\nCOMM 305-667-3108\nFTS 350-5547/4265\nCOMM 305-666-4612\nFTS 763-8261/8271\nCOMM 301-899-3152\nCOMM 301-763-8076\nAV 313-286-3272\nFTS 350-2936\nPHONE NUMBER\nFTS 763-8146\nAV 434-1750\nAV 631-3980\nAV 938-1694\nAV 894-1910\nAV 434-3744\nAV 938-3730\nAV 937-1420\nAV 690-7750\nAV 881-1635\nAV 868-2544\nAV 868=4540\nAV 868-4318\nAV 739-5559\nAV 271-2586\nAV 894-3430\nAV 828-4377\nORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION CAPABILITIES\nTELETYPE\nA, B\nA, B\nA, B\nA, B\nA\nA\nB\nB\nA\nB\nMACDILL AERO STA MACDILL AFB FL\nALBROOK AERO STA ALBROOK AFB CZ\nDET. 5 HQ AWS, KEESLER AFB, MS\nNAT HURR CNTR CORAL GABLES FL\nCINCLANTFLT OCEANIC AIRSPACE\nOL G HQ AWS CORAL GABLES, FL\nSCOTT AERO STA SCOTT AFB IL\nDET 7 AFGWC CARSWELL AFB TX\nDET 7 24 WS MATHER AFB CA\n920 WRG KEESLER AFB MS\nARTCC JACKSONVILLE FL\n53 WRS KEESLER AFB MS\nFLEWEACEN NORFOLK VA\nARTCC WASHINGTON DC\nAFGWC OFFUTT AFB NB\nWSFO WASHINGTON DC\nCOORDINATOR NY NY\nARTCC NEW YORK NY\nARTCC BOSTON MASS\nNMC WASHINGTON DC\nAUTODIN ADDRESS\nARTCC MIAMI FL\nRFC MIAMI FL\nLEGEND: A - GT 7072; B - COMEDS\nCARCAH / MIAMI WX MONITOR\nALT MATHER WX MONITOR\nMACDILL AERO STATION\nALBROOK AERO STATION\nSCOTT AERO STATION\nARTCC JACKSONVILLE\nARTCC WASHINGTON\nSCC NEW ORLEANS\nCINCLANTFLT OAC\nARTCC NEW YORK\nDET. 5, HQ AWS\nSCC WASHINGTON\nARTCC BOSTON\nFWC NORFOLK\nARTCC MIAMI\nSCC MIAMI\n920 WRG\nSTATION\n53 WRS\nAFGWC\nADWS\nRFC\nNMC","CHAPTER 5\nPUBLICITY\nNews media releases that concern the cooperative efforts in severe winter\nstorms activities of the Department of Defense, National Weather Service,\nFederal Aviation Administration, and U.S. Coast Guard should reflect the\njoint nature of these efforts by giving due credit to participating\nagencies. Copies of these releases should be forwarded to:\nDeputy Director for Operations (Environmental Services)\nThe Joint Chiefs of Staff\nWashington, D.C 20301\nDepartment of the Army\nAttention: DAMI-TST-I\nWashington, D.C. 20310\nDirector, Naval Oceanography Command\nNSTL Station\nBay St. Louis, Miss. 39529\nMilitary Airlift Command (MACOI)\nScott Air Force Base, Ill. 62225\nNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\nOffice of Public Affairs\n6010 Executive Boulevard\nRockville, Md. 20852\nFederal Aviation Administration\n800 Independence Avenue, S.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20590\nCommandant (GAPA)\nU.S. Coast Guard\n400 Seventh Street, S.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20590\nCommandant, Marine Corps\nHeadquarters, U.S. Marine Corps\nWashington, D.C. 20380\nHeadquarters Aerospace Rescue & Recovery Service\nARRS/DO\nScott Air Force Base, I11. 62225\nHeadquarters Air Force Reserve\nAFRES/DO\nRobins Air Force Base, Ga. 31098\nHeadquarters, Air Weather Service\n(AWS/DO)\nScott Air Force Base, Ill. 62225\n32","CHAPTER 6\nACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS\nAir Force Base\nAFB\nAir Force Global Weather Central\nAFGWC\nAir Force Reserve\nAFRES\nA/G\nAir Ground\nAirmen's Meteorological Information\nAIRMET\nAutomated Merchant Vessel Reporting\nAMVER\nAutomatic Picture Transmission\nAPT\nAeronautical Radio Inc.\nARINC\nAerospace Rescue and Recovery Service\nARRS\nAir Route Traffic Control Center\nARTCC\nAutomatic Digital Network\nAUTODIN\nAutomatic Voice Network\nAUTOVON\nAutomated Weather Network\nAWN\nAir Weather Service\nAWS\nChief, Aerial Reconnaissance Coordination, All Hurricanes\nCARCAH\nCONUS Meteorological Data System\nCOMEDS\nDOC\nDepartment of Commerce\nDOD\nDepartment of Defense\nDMSP\nDefense Meteorological Satellite Program\nDRSR\nDirect Readout Scanning Radiometer\nEnvironmental Survey Satellite\nESSA\nETA\nEstimated Time of Arrival\nETD\nEstimated Time of Departure\nFAA\nFederal Aviation Administration\nFLEWEACEN\nFleet Weather Central\nFSS\nFlight Service Station\nFTS\nFederal Telecommunications System\nGOES\nGeostationary Operational Environmental Satellite\nHF\nHigh Frequency\nICMS\nInterdepartmental Committee for Meteorological Services\nMSD\nMeteorological Services Division\nNASA\nNational Aeronautics and Space Administration\nNAWAS\nNational Warning System\nNESS\nNational Environmental Satellite Service\nNHC\nNational Hurricane Center\nNMC\nNational Meteorological Center\nNOAA\nNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\nNSSFC\nNational Severe Storms Forecast Center\nNAVWEASERVFAC\nNaval Weather Service Facility\nNSSL\nNational Severe Storm Laboratory\nNWS\nNational Weather Service\nOSV\nOcean Station Vessel\nOWS\nOcean Weather Station\nPIREP\nPilot Report\nRAREP\nRadar Report\nRAWARC\nInternal RAREP\nRECCO\nReconnaissance Code\nRFC\nResearch Flight Center\n33","CHAPTER 6\nSAR\nSearch and Rescue\nSARLANT\nSearch and Rescue Atlantic Circuit\nSC/BMS\nSubcommittee on Basic Meteorological Services\nSCC\nStorm Coordination Center\nSFSS\nSatellite Field Services Station\nSIGMET\nSignificant Meteorological Information\nSMS\nSynchronous Meteorological Satellite\nSSB\nSingle Side Band\nUSAF\nUnited States Air Force\nUSCG\nUnited States Coast Guard\nUSN\nUnited States Navy\nCoordinated Universal Time (Z)\nUTC\nVHRR\nVery High Resolution Radiometer\nVISSR\nVisual-Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer\nVTPR\nVertical Temperature Profile Radiometer\nWMO\nWorld Meteorological Organization\nWRG\nWeather Reconnaissance Group\nWRS\nWeather Reconnaissance Squadron\nWSFO\nWeather Service Forecast Office\nWSO\nWeather Service Office\nWSPOD\nWinter Storm Plan of the Day\n34"]}