Thermodynamic controls of the Atlantic Niño

Nnamchi, Hyacinth C.; Li, Jianping; Kucharski, Fred; Kang, In-Sik; Keenlyside, Noel S.; Chang, Ping; Farneti, Riccardo

doi:10.1038/ncomms9895

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Thermodynamic controls of the Atlantic Niño

2015
By Nnamchi, Hyacinth C. ; Li, Jianping ; Kucharski, Fred ; ...
Source: Nat Commun. 2015; 6: 8895.

[PDF-1013.19 KB]

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Journal Title:

Nature Communications
Personal Author:

Nnamchi, Hyacinth C. ; Li, Jianping ; Kucharski, Fred ; Kang, In-Sik ; Keenlyside, Noel S. ; ... More +

Nnamchi, Hyacinth C. ; Li, Jianping ; Kucharski, Fred ; Kang, In-Sik ; Keenlyside, Noel S. ; Chang, Ping ; Farneti, Riccardo Less -
NOAA Program & Office:

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; CPO (Climate Program Office)

OAR (Oceanic and Atmospheric Research) ; CPO (Climate Program Office) Less -
Description:

Prevailing theories on the equatorial Atlantic Niño are based on the dynamical interaction between atmosphere and ocean. However, dynamical coupled ocean-atmosphere models poorly simulate and predict equatorial Atlantic climate variability. Here we use multi-model numerical experiments to show that thermodynamic feedbacks excited by stochastic atmospheric perturbations can generate Atlantic Niño s.d. of ∼0.28±0.07 K, explaining ∼68±23% of the observed interannual variability. Thus, in state-of-the-art coupled models, Atlantic Niño variability strongly depends on the thermodynamic component (R2=0.92). Coupled dynamics acts to improve the characteristic Niño-like spatial structure but not necessarily the variance. Perturbations of the equatorial Atlantic trade winds (∼±1.53 m s−1) can drive changes in surface latent heat flux (∼±14.35 W m−2) and thus in surface temperature consistent with a first-order autoregressive process. By challenging the dynamical paradigm of equatorial Atlantic variability, our findings suggest that the current theories on its modelling and predictability must be revised.
Keywords:

[+]

Thermodynamics
Source:

Nat Commun. 2015; 6: 8895.
DOI:

https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9895
Pubmed ID:

26608398
Pubmed Central ID:

PMC4674767
Document Type:

Journal Article
Funding:

Grant no. NA11OAR4310154
Place as Subject:

Atlantic Ocean
Rights Information:

CC BY
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PMC
Main Document Checksum:

[+]

urn:sha256:7bccdf1dafa2829ba80db5420c8b8434ee6407e8b7ad9ad2f49c955323986793
Download URL:

https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/27625/noaa_27625_DS1.pdf
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Thermodynamic controls of the Atlantic Niño

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