The anomalous phenomena induced by the prevailing swell at low wind speeds prevent a complete understanding of air-sea interaction processes. Many studies have considered this complex problem, but most have focused on near-neutral conditions. In this study, the influence of the swell on the atmospheric boundary under nonneutral conditions was addressed by extending the turbulent closure models of Makin and Kudryavtsev and the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST; Monin and Yaglom) to the existence of swell and nonneutral conditions. It was shown that wind profiles derived from these models were consistent with each other and both departed from the traditional MOST. At low wind speeds, a supergeostrophic jet appeared on the upper edge of the wave boundary layer, which was also reported in earlier studies. Under nonneutral conditions, the influence of buoyancy was significant. The slope of the wind profile increased under stable conditions and became smoother under unstable conditions. Considering the effects of buoyancy and swell, the wind stress derived from the model agreed quantitatively with the observations.
Lee, S. K.; Lopez, H.; Chung, E. S.; DiNezio, P.; Yeh, S. W.; Wittenberg, A. T.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Geophysical Research Letters, 45(2), 907-915.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
The failed influence of the 2015-2016 El Nino on California rainfall has renewed interest in the relationship between El Nino and U.S. rainfall variability. Here we perform statistical data analyses and simple model experiments to show that sufficien...
Meinen, C. S.; Speich, S.; Piola, A. R.; Ansorge, I.; Campos, E.; Kersale, M.; Terre, T.; Chidichimo, M. P.; Lamont, T.; Sato, O. T.; Perez, R. C.; Valla, D.; van den Berg, M.; Le Henaff, M.; Dong, S. F.; Garzoli, S. L.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Geophysical Research Letters, 45(9), 4180-4188.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
Six years of simultaneous moored observations near the western and eastern boundaries of the South Atlantic are combined with satellite winds to produce a daily time series of the basin-wide meridional overturning circulation (MOC) volume transport a...
Androulidakis, Y.; Kourafalou, V.; Ozgokmen, T.; Garcia-Pineda, O.; Lund, B.; Le Henaff, M.; Hu, C. M.; Haus, B. K.; Novelli, G.; Guigand, C.; Kang, H.; Hole, L.; Horstmann, J.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 123(5), 3259-3285.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
The Taylor Energy Site is located in the vicinity of the Mississippi Delta region over the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGoM). Surface oil patches have been persistently observed within this site since 2004, when an oil rig was destroyed by Hurricane Iva...
Leighton, H.; Gopalakrishnan, S.; Zhang, J. A.; Rogers, R. F.; Zhang, Z.; Tallapragada, V.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 75(1), 275-295.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
Forecasts from the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF)-based ensemble prediction system for Hurricane Edouard (2014) are analyzed to study the differences in both the tropical cyclone inner-core structure and large-scale env...
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
AbstractThis study demonstrates that Global Hawk unmanned aircraft system dropwindsondes and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observations can be complementary in sampling a tropical cyclone (TC). The assimilation of both datasets in a regional en...
Annane, B.; McNoldy, B.; Leidner, S. M.; Hoffman, R.; Atlas, R.; Majumdar, S. J.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Monthly Weather Review, 146(7), 2221-2236.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
In preparation for the launch of the NASA Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a variety of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were conducted to develop, tune, and assess methods of assimilating these novel observations o...
Beron-Vera, F. J.; Olascoaga, M. J.; Wang, Y.; Trinanes, J.; Perez-Brunius, P.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Scientific Reports, 8, 11275.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
Ocean flows are routinely inferred from low-resolution satellite altimetry measurements of sea surface height assuming a geostrophic balance. Recent nonlinear dynamical systems techniques have revealed that surface currents derived from altimetry can...
Huang, L. Q.; Li, X. F.; Liu, B.; Zhang, J. A.; Shen, D. L.; Zhang, Z. H.; Yu, W. X.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 123(4), 2981-2996.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
Marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) roll plays an important role in the turbulent exchange of momentum, sensible heat, and moisture throughout MABL of tropical cyclone (TC). Hence, rolls are believed to be closely related to TC's development, in...
Putman, N. F.; Goni, G. J.; Gramer, L. J.; Hu, C. M.; Johns, E. M.; Trinanes, J.; Wang, M. Q.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Progress in Oceanography, 165, 205-214.
Series:
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
Since 2011, beach inundation of massive amounts of pelagic Sargassum algae has occurred around the Caribbean nations and islands. Previous studies have applied satellite ocean color to determine the origins of this phenomenon. These techniques, combi...
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
A one-dimensional (1D) analysis problem is defined and analyzed to explore the interaction of observation thinning or superobservation with observation errors that are correlated or systematic. The general formulation might be applied to a 1D analysi...
CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies)
Description:
The impacts of Global Hawk (GH) dropwindsondes on tropical cyclone (TC) analyses and forecasts are examined over a composite sample of missions flown during the NASA Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) and the NOAA Sensing Hazards with Operatio...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(8), 5671-5685.
Description:
The effect of swell waves on atmospheric boundary layer turbulence under low winds was explored using data from a fixed platform located in the South China Sea. The wind spectra, cospectra, and Ogive curve measured at a height of 8 m above the mean s...
Dodge, K. L.; Kukulya, A. L.; Burke, E.; Baumgartner, M. F.;
Published Date:
2018
Source:
Frontiers in Marine Science, 5, Unsp 90.
Description:
This study analyzes high-resolution ship data collected in the Gulf of Mexico during the Lagrangian Submesoscale Experiment (LASER) from January to February 2016 to produce the first reported measurements of dissipative heating in the explicitly nonh...