Tornado Publications
A Selective Bibliography
NOAA Miami Regional Library Disaster Information Series
All material held in the NOAA Libraries

![Oldest Known Tornado Photo - Date: 1884 August 28](page_355_370_1167_563.png)

Oldest Known Tornado Photo - Date: 1884 August 28
Photo from NOAA Photo Library ://www.lib.photo.noaa.gov

March 2012

US Department of Commerce
noaa NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
Tornado Publications
A Selective Bibliography
NOAA Miami Regional Library Disaster Information Series
All material held in the NOAA Libraries

Prepared by Christie Wiley & Linda Pikula
NOAA Miami Regional Library
NODC, LISD

March 2012

US Department of Commerce
noaa NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
Miami, FL
Introduction

Hardly any location in the world escapes some type of disaster – be it a man-made calamity, or the wrath of Mother Nature. This tornado bibliography is the first in a series of information presenting material held in the twenty-eight U.S. NOAA Libraries on natural disasters. Here you will find scientific studies and recounting of tornado events from the earliest times to the present. If you would like more information on scientific studies of tornadoes the library staff at the NOAA Miami Regional Library would be pleased to provide a citation and abstract listing for you. Email: aoml.library@noaa.gov

To find the specific location of these items, go the NOAA Library Catalog: .
://www.lib.noaa.gov/uhtbin/cgisirsi/?ps=zbkGJPYJdD/SILVERSPRG/221020134/60/495/X

To request an item, find your closest NOAA Library: _
://www.lib.noaa.gov/about/lib_network.html

Some interesting items in this collection:
1749 Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich wrote on “Tornadoes in Rome – Sopra il turbine…” Benjamin Franklin published in 1769 “Experiments and Observations on Electricity”, and a book by W. C. Redfield 1842 “On Whirlwind Storms”. Also 1899 “Snow Tornadoes” by F. L. Oswald. All held in the Rare Book Collection of the NOAA Central Library in Silver Spring, Md.

And more recent publications also:

NWS (NOAA) Central Region service assessment Joplin, Missouri, Tornado, May 22, 2011.

http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/gpo13649

http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/assessments/

This site includes the Historic Tornadoes of April 2011.
Number of Strong to Violent (EF3-EF5*) Tornadoes

Year
Number of Tornadoes

*Beginning in 2007, NOAA switched from the Fujita scale to the Enhanced Fujita scale for rating tornado strength.

![Bar chart showing the number of strong to violent (EF3-EF5*) tornadoes by year from 1950 to 2010. The highest number of tornadoes occurred in 1974, with a peak above 130.](page_0_0_2048_1536.png)
Tornado Publications
A Selective Bibliography

13th Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 17-20, 1983, Tulsa, Okla. : [Preprints]. Boston, Mass.: American Meteorological Society, 1983.

Abbey, Robert F., Kishor C. Mehta, and Richard E. Peterson. Proceedings of the Symposium on Tornadoes, Assessment of Knowledge and Implications for Man, June 22-24, 1976, Texas Tech University. [Lubbock, Tex.: Institute for Disaster Research, Texas Tech University, 1977.

Adams, David S., and United States. Office of Civil Defense. The Minneapolis Tornadoes, May 6, 1965: Notes on the Warning Process, Disaster Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus. Research Report #16. [Columbus?]1965.

Agee, E. M., and Purdue University. Dept. of Geosciences. [Severe Local Storms Research at Purdue University]; Final Report on Noaa Grant 04-3-022-20 for the Period September 1, 1973 through August 31, 1974. West Lafayette, Ind.: Dept. of Geosciences, Purdue University, 1975.

Aguirre, Benigno E., and National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Natural Disasters. Saragosa, Texas, Tornado, May 22, 1987 : An Evaluation of the Warning System, Natural Disaster Studies. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1991.

Ahrens, C. Donald. Essentials of Meteorology : An Invitation to the Atmosphere. 6th ed. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, 2011.

———. Meteorology Today : An Introduction to Weather, Climate, and the Environment. 8th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Thomson/Brooks/Cole, 2007.

Ahrens, C. Donald, and Perry James Samson. Extreme Weather and Climate. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, 2011.

American Meteorological Society. 11th Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 2-5, 1979 : [Preprints of Papers]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1979.

———. 12th Conference on Severe Local Storms, January 11-15, 1982, San Antonio, Texas : [Preprints]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1981.
———. 14th Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 29- November 1, 1985, Indianapolis, Indiana : Preprints. Boston, Mass.: American Meteorological Society, 1985.

———. 14th Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 29-November 1, 1985 [Preprints of Papers]. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society, 1985.

———. 15th Conference on Severe Local Storms : Preprints : February 22-26, 1988, Baltimore, Maryland. Boston, Mass.: The Society, 1988.

———. 15th Conference on Severe Local Storms, February 22-26, 1988 [Preprints]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1988.

———. 17th Conference on Severe Local Storms : Conference on Atmospheric Electricity, October 4-8, 1993, St. Louis, Missouri. Boston, Mass.: The Society, 1993.

———. 18th Conference on Severe Local Storms, February 19-23, 1996, San Francisco, Ca. Boston, Mass.: American Meteorological Society, 1996.

———. 19th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 14-18 September, 1998, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Boston, Ma.: American Meteorological Society, 1998.

———. 20th Conference on Severe Local Storms, 11-15 September, 2000, Orlando, Florida. Boston, Mass.: The Society, 2000.

———. 21st Conference on Severe Local Storms, 12-16 August, 2002, San Antonio, Texas. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 2002.

———. Eleventh Conference on Severe Local Storms of the American Meteorological Society, October 2-5, 1979, Kansas City, Missouri : [Preprints]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1979.

———. Ninth Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 21-23, 1975 : [Preprints of Papers]. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society, 1976.

———. Preprints - Conference on Severe Local Storms. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society.

———. Seventh Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 5-7, 1971, Kansas City, Missouri. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society, 1971.

———. Tenth Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 18-21, 1977 : [Preprints of Papers]. [Boston]: American Meteorological Society, 1977.
American Meteorological Society., Alberta Research Council., American Geophysical Union., and Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society. 16th Conference on Severe Local Storms, Conference on Atmospheric Electricity, October 22-26, 1990, Kananaskis, Alta., Canada. Boston, Mass.: The Society, 1990.

American Meteorological Society., Alberta Research Council., American Geophysical union., and Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society. 16th Conference on Severe Local Storms, October 22-26, 1990 Preprints]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1990.

American Meteorological Society. Meeting. Panel Discussion of Tornado Problems Held at the 133rd National Meeting of the American Meteorological Society in Miami, Florida, November 18, 1954. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Weather Bureau, 1955.

American National Red Cross. Spring Floods and Tornadoes, 1936 : Official Report of Relief Operations. Washington, D. C.; The American National Red Cross, 1938.

———. Texas Tornadoes and Storms of May, 1930. [S.l.: s.n.], 1931.

———. The Mississippi and Louisiana Tornadoes : Spring of 1936. Washington: [s.n.], 1935.

———. Tornado of May 1, 1933, in Webster and Bienville Parishes, Louisiana; Official Report of Relief Operations of the American National Red Cross, Arc [Circulars]. Washington, D.C.; [The American National Red Cross, 1933.

American Nuclear Society., and American National Standards Institute. American National Standard for Estimating Tornado and Extreme Wind Characteristics at Nuclear Power Sites. La Grange Park, Ill.: The Society, 1983.

American Red Cross. Spring Floods and Tornadoes, Arc. Washington, D.C.: American Red Cross, 1936.

American Red Cross., United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration., and United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency. "Are You Ready for a Tornado?". [Washington, D.C.]: American Red Cross, NOAA, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1998.

An Impartial Relation of the Hail-Storm on the Fifteenth of July and the Tornado on the Second of August 1799 : Which Appeared in the Towns of Bozrah, Lebanon, and Franklin, in the State of Connecticut : To Which Is Annexed an Estimate of the Damages Done by the Storm, Made by a Committee, from Said Towns : The Whole Published under Their Direction for the Information of the Public. Norwich [Conn.]: Printed by John Trumbull, 1799.
Argentina. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Tornados Vs. Huracanes, Boletín Informativo. [Buenos Aires, Argentina]: Fuerza Aérea Argentina, Comando de Regiones Aéreas, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, 1985.

Armstrong, Harry Overstreet, and United States. Weather Bureau. Synoptic Conditions Associated with Two Tornadoes During April, 1953. [Atlanta, Ga.: s.n., 1953.

Arnold, R. T., H. E. Bass, University of Mississippi. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy., and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Division of Reactor Safety Research. Determination of Tornado Wind Speeds from Tornadic Sounds : Final Report March 1978 - March 1979. Washington, D.C.

Springfield, Va.: The Commission : Available from GPO Sales Program, Division of Technical Information and Document Control

National Technical Information Service, 1981.

Asp, Martin Oliver, and United States. Weather Bureau. Damage Estimates of Losses by Tornado, Windstorms and Hail. [S.I.: U.S. Weather Bureau?, 1957.

———. "Tornado Paths in Arkansas." 2 leaves, 1954.

———. Tornadoes in Arkansas. [Little Rock, Ark.: s.n., 1955.

———. [Tornadoes in Oklahoma, 1875-1949] : Tabulation of Tornadoes in Oklahoma for Which Record Was Found ; 1875-1949. Oklahoma City, Okla.: [s.n.], 1950.

Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies. St. Louis Tornado : A Supplement to the 1926 Edition of Effects of Tornadoes on Factory Buildings, November 1927. Boston: [s.n., 1927.

Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Cos. Effects of Tornadoes on Factory Buildings : With Especial Reference to the Missouri-Illinois-Indiana Tornado, March 18, 1925. Boston: [s.n.], 1925.

Austin, Hal, and Southeast Regional Climate Center (U.S.). The Horrell Hill Tornado, April 30, 1924, Technical Paper. Columbia, SC: Southeast Regional Climate Center, South Carolina Water Resources Commission, 1993.

Baldwin, John Lucas, and United States. Weather Bureau. "Tornadoes in U.S., Loss of Life, Property Damage." [1] p., 1946.

Barnett, Kenneth M., and United States. Weather Bureau. A Test of Tornado Forecasting Parameters. Washington, D.C.: [U.S. Weather Bureau?], 1954.
Bates, Ferdinand Charles, and United States. Weather Bureau. A Model for the Genesis of Tornadoes Based on the Rapid Subsidence of a Wet Cloud Layer. [Kansas City, Mo.: s.n.], 1955.

Bechtel, Stefan, and Tim Samaras. Tornado Hunter : Getting inside the Most Violent Storms on Earth. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, 2009.

Bedard, Richard. In the Shadow of the Tornado : Stories and Adventures from the Heart of Storm Country. Norman, Okla.: Gilco Pub., 1996.

Beebe, Robert Gardner, Donald Stratton Foster, Ferdinand Charles Bates, and United States. Weather Bureau. [Sels Center Papers : A Collection]. [Kansas City, Mo.: s.n., 1954.

Beebe, Robert Gardner, and United States. Weather Bureau. A Note on Tornado Occurrences in South Carolina. Atlanta, Ga.: Weather Bureau Airport Station, 1953.

———. Notes on Scottsbluff County, Nebraska, Tornadoes June 27, 1955. [S.l.: s.n., 1955.

———. Types of Upper Air Soundings Preceding Tornadoes. Washington: [s.n.], 1954.

———. Types of Upper Air Soundings Preceding Tornadoes. Washington, D.C.: [U.S. Weather Bureau?], 1954.

Bengtsson, Lennart, M. J. Lighthill, International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics., and International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. Intense Atmospheric Vortices : Proceedings of the Joint Symposium (lutam/lugg) Held at Reading (United Kingdom) July 14-17, 1981, Topics in Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences. Berlin ; New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982.

Berger, Melvin. Wild Weather. [New York, N.Y.: Newbridge Communications], 1993.

Berry, Mike, and United States. National Weather Service. Southern Region. Scientific Services Division. The Easter Weekend Tornadoes of April 3, 1999, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Texas: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division, 2001.

Bickham, Jack M. Twister. 1st ed. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1976.

Bigelow, Frank H. Cyclones, Hurricanes, and Tornadoes. [S.l.: s.n.], 1898.

Billett, Harold, and Great Britain. Meteorological Office. The South Wales Tornado of October 27, 1913 : With a Note on Remarkable Pressure Oscillations Observed
on August 14, 1914 / [Report by H. Billett] ; Published by the Authority of the Meteorological Committee, Geophysical Memoirs / Meteorological Office No. 11. London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1914.

Bluestein, Howard B. Tornado Alley : Monster Storms of the Great Plains. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Bluestein, Howard B., United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration., and University of Oklahoma. Dept. of Meteorology. The University of Oklahoma Severe Storms Intercept Project, 1979. Norman, Okla.: School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, 1979.

Bomar, George W., and Texas. Dept. of Water Resources. 1982, When a Tornado Hit Paris : A Review of Texas' Weather During the Year. Austin, Tex.: Texas Dept. of Water Resources, 1983.

Boscovich, Ruggero Giuseppe. Sopra Il Turbine : Che La Notte Tra Gli Xi, E Xii Giugno Del Mdccxlix Danneggiò Una Gran Parte Di Roma. In Roma: Appresso Niccolò, e Marco Pagliarini, 1749.

Bradford, Marlene. Scanning the Skies : A History of Tornado Forecasting. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001.

Brandes, Edward A., Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.), and National Severe Storms Laboratory. Mesocyclone Evolution and Tornado Generation within the Harrah, Oklahoma Storm, Noaa Technical Memorandum Erl Nssl. Norman, Okla.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 1977.

Branick, Michael L. Tornadoes in the Oklahoma City Area since 1890, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Tex.

Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division

Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1994.

Brinkmann, Waltraud A. R., and Duane D. Baumann. Severe Local Storm Hazard in the United States : A Research Assessment. [Boulder] ; Springfield, Va.; reproduced by National Technical Information Service, 1975.

Brotzman, William Sylvester, and United States. Weather Bureau. Report of Tornadoes of June 23, 1944, in Maryland, Eastern Ohio, Western Pennsylvania and Northern West Virginia. Pittsburgh, Pa.: Weather Bureau Office, 1944.
Brown, Rodger A., National Severe Storms Laboratory., and Environmental Research Laboratories (U.S.). The Union City, Oklahoma Tornado of 24 May 1973, Noaa Technical Memorandum Erl Nssl. Norman, Oklahoma: National Severe Storms Laboratory, Environmental Research Laboratories, 1976.

Browning, K. A. The Evolution of Tornadic Storms, Afcrl. Bedford, Mass.: United States Air Force, Office of Aerospace Research, Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, Meteorology Laboratory, 1966.

Browning, K. A., Tetsuya Theodore Fujita, and Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories (U.S.). A Family Outbreak of Severe Local Storms : A Comprehensive Study of the Storms in Oklahoma on 26 May 1963, Part I, Afcrl. Bedford, Mass.: Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, 1965.

Brunk, Ivan W., and United States. Weather Bureau. Squall Lines and Tornadoes, U.S. Weather Bureau. Research Report. [Chicago, Ill.: s.n., 1951.

Buchanan, M. E. A Severe Weather Climatology of the County Warning Area of the Houston Area National Weather Service Office, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Tex.

Springfield, VA: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division

Available from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1994.

Bunting, William F., Brian E. Smith, and United States. National Weather Service. Southern Region. Scientific Services Division. A Guide for Conducting Convective Windstorm Surveys, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Tex.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division, Southern Region, 1993.

Bureau of Electronic Publishing, and Weather Channel (Television station : Atlanta Ga.). "Everything Weather." Parsippany, NJ: Bureau of Electronic Publishing, 1995.

Burggraf, O. R., M. R. Foster, and Ohio State University. Research Foundation. Theoretical Study of Vortex-Breakdown in Tornado-Like Vortices. Columbus: Ohio State University, Research Foundation, 1975.

Burggraf, O. R., M. R. Foster, Ohio State University. Research Foundation., and United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The Stability of Tornado-Like Vortices : Inviscid Theory. Columbus: Ohio State University, Research Foundation, 1977.
Burt, Christopher C., and Mark Stroud. Extreme Weather : A Guide & Record Book. 1st ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 2004.

Butler County-Poplar Bluff Civil Defense Agency. Tornado! A Pictorial Review: May 9, 1927 Poplar Bluff, Missouri. Poplar Bluff, Mo.: Poplar Bluff Civil Defense Agency, 1972.

Calianese, Edward J., Douglas R. Cain, and United States. National Weather Service. Southern Region. Scientific Services Division. A Severe Weather Climatology for Nwso Fort Worth's Modernized Warning Area, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Tex.

Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division

Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998.

Canipe, Yates Julio. "On the Structure and Development of Severe Local Storms as Revealed by Digital Radar Observations." Thesis, University Microfilms,

Texas A&M University, 1973., 1975.

Carrier, George F., Paul Dergarabedian, Francis E. Fendell, and Langley Research Center. Analytic Studies on Satellite Detection of Severe, Two-Cell Tornadoes, Nasa Contractor Report 3127. Washington

Springfield, Va.: National Aeronautics adn Space Administration

for sale by the National Technical Information Servie, 1979.

Carstensen, Louis Peter, and United States. Weather Bureau. Relation of Large - Scale Northweard [Sic] Flow of Moisture to Tornado Occurrence. [Washington: s.n.], 1951.

Carter, Horace S., and United States. Environmental Data Service. Georgia Tornadoes, Essa Technical Memorandum Edstm. Silver Spring, Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Environmental Science Services Administration, Environmental Data Service, 1970.

Changnon, Stanley A., Kenneth E. Kunkel, and Illinois State Water Survey. "Severe Storms in the Midwest." Champaign, Ill.: Midwestern Regional Climate Center, Illinois State Water Survey, 2006.

Changnon, Stanley A., John L. Vogel, and Illinois State Water Survey. Facts About Tornadoes. Champaign, Ill.: Illinois State Water Survey, Dept. of Energy and Natural Resources, 1983.
Changnon, Stanley A., and John W. Wilson. Heavy Rain, Hail, and Tornadoes on 15 May 1968, Report of Investigation - Illinois State Water Survey 66. Urbana: Illinois Dept. of Registration and Education, Illinois State Water Survey, 1971.

Chittick, William F. The Worcester Tornado : June 9, 1953. Rhode Island: W.F. Chittick, 2003.

Choy, Barry K., Scott M. Spratt, and United States. National Weather Service. Southern Region. Scientific Services Division. A Wsr-88d Approach to Waterspout Forecasting, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Texas [Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division National Technical Information Service [distributor], 1994.

Church, Christopher R. The Tornado : Its Structure, Dynamics, Prediction, and Hazards, Geophysical Monograph. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union, 1993.

Church, Christopher R., C. M. Ehresman, and Purdue University. A Study of Atmospheric Vortex Phenomena Associated with the Waterspout : Final Report [on the Purdue Waterspout Program]. [West Lafayette]: Purdue University, 1974.

Cline, Isaac Monroe. Report on the Tornadoes of May 12 and 15, 1896 : In Northern Texas. Galveston: [s.n.], 1896.

Cobun, Peter, John Peck, and Lee Roop. Huntsville Tornado : November 15, 1989, 4:37 P.M. : A Diary of Destruction. [Huntsville, Ala.]

Sun City, Az. (P.O. Box 1977, Sun City, Az. 85372-1977): Huntsville Times : Huntsville News ;

C.F. "Frank" Boone, 1990.

Conference on Tornadoes, Waterspouts, Wind-Devils, and Severe Storm Phenomena. Artetech Pub. Co., 1985.

Conner, Glen, and Robert Ashby. Tornadoes in Kentucky 1950 -1977, Kentucky Climate Center Publication. Bowling Green, Kentucky: Kentucky Climate Center, Dept. of Geography and Geology, Western Kentucky University, 1979.

Conner, Walter Clyde, and United States. Weather Bureau. Structure of the 500-Mb Jet in Major Tornado-Genesis. New Orleans: s.n., 1955.

Consortium on Severe Thunderstorms and Tornadoes. Annual Summary of Scientific Accomplishments. Raleigh, N.C.: The Consortium, 1994.
Cook, Albert William, and United States. Weather Bureau. Statistical Summary of Tornadoes in the Denver Forecast District (Colo., Wyo., N.M.), U.S. Weather Bureau. Research Report. [S.l.: s.n., 1952.

———. Statistical Summary of Tornadoes in the Denver Forecast District (Colorado, Wyoming, and New Mexico). [Rev. ed, U.S. Weather Bureau. Research Report. [Denver, Colo.: s.n., 1952.

Cooley, Jack R., Marshall E. Soderberg, and United States. National Weather Service. Central Region. Cold Air Funnel Clouds, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Cr. Kansas City, Mo.: Central Region, National Weather Service, 1973.

Costantini, Giuseppe Antonio, and Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich. Il Vortice Aereo, Volgarmente Detto Scione, O Bisciabova, Spigne, E Non Assorbe : Trattato Apologetico-Critico. In Venezia: Presso Giambatista Novelli, 1761.

Costen, Robert C. A Search for Residual Magnetism Along a Tornado Path, Nasa Technical Note Nasa Tn D-6475. Washington: U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1971.

Court, Arnold, and National Severe Storms Laboratory. Tornado Incidence Maps, Essa Technical Memorandum Erltm-Nssl. Norman, Okla.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Environmental Science Services Administration, Research Laboratories, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 1970.

Crane, Mannin. Fragments of Tornadoes. [S.l.: s.n.], 1927.

Crowther, Hugh G., John T. Halmstad, and National Severe Storms Forecast Center (U.S.). Severe Local Storm Warning Verification, 1994, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Nssfc. Kansas City, Mo.

Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. Of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service

Publications can be obtained from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1995.

Curzon, Julian. The Great Cyclone at St. Louis and East St. Louis, May 27, 1896 : Being a Full History of the Most Terrifying and Destructive Tornado in the History of the World, with Numerous Thrilling and Pathetic Incidents and Personal Experiences of Those Who Were in the Track of the Storm, Also an Account of the Wonderful Manifestations of Sympathy for the Afflicted in All Parts of the World. St. Louis: Cyclone Publishing Company, 1896.

Dailey, Paul W. Tornadoes in Pennsylvania, Institute for Research on Land and Water Resources, Pennsylvania State University. Information Report No. 63. University
Park,: Institute for Research on Land and Water Resources, Pennsylvania State University, 1970.

Dames & Moore., and United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Division of Reactor Research and Development. A Meteorological and Engineering Approach to the Regionalization of Tornado Wind Criteria for Nuclear Power Plant Design. Bethesda, Md: Dames & Moore, 1975.

Daniells, William Willard. The Wisconsin Tornadoes of May 23, 1878. [Madison? Wis.: s.n., 1878.

Davidson, Keay. Twister : The Science of Tornadoes and the Making of an Adventure Movie. New York: Pocket Books, 1996.

Davies, John Chilton. "The Use of Surface Data to Objectively Estimate Low Level Moisture and Static Stability." Thesis (M S ), University of Oklahoma, 1972., 1972.

Davies, Jon, and Robert Rath. Storm Chasers! : On the Trail of Twisters. Helena, Mont.: Farcountry Press, 2007.

Davis, William Morris. Lawrence Tornado of July 26, 1890 : The Features of Tornadoes and Their Distinction from Other Storms. Cambridge: [s.n.], 1892.

———. Whirlwinds, Cyclones and Tornadoes, The "Science" Series. Boston, New York,: Lee and Shepard;

C.T. Dillingham, 1884.

Deissler, Robert G., Donald R. Boldman, and Lewis Research Center. Tornadolike Gravity-Driven Vortex Model, Nasa Technical Note. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1974.

Dergarabedian, Paul, Francis E. Fendell, George F. Carrier, and TRW Systems Group. Tornado and Hurricane Thermo -Hydrodynamics. Redondo Beach, Calif.: Science and Technology Division, TRW Systems Group, 1971.

Dergarabedian, Paul, Francis E. Fendell, Langley Research Center, and TRW Inc. Systems and Energy. Analytic Studies of Local-Severe-Storm Observables by Satellites, Nasa Contractor Report Nasa Cr-2830. Washington: National Aeronautics and Space Administration ;, 1977.

Disaster Management inc. Disaster Plan: Business Continuation Plan : Hurricanes, Tornadoes, Fires, Winter Storms, Floods, Thunder & Lightning. [Miami, Fla.]: Disaster Management, Inc., 1994.
Discovery Communications Inc., World Almanac Video (Firm), and Image Entertainment (Firm). World Almanac's Guide to Extreme Weather. [United States]

[Chatsworth, CA]: World Almanac Video ;

Distributed by Image Entertainment,, 2002. videorecording.

Donaldson, Ralph J., and National Severe Storms Project (U.S.). Radar Observations of a Tornado Thunderstorm in Vertical Section, Report / National Severe Storms Project. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Weather Bureau, 1962.

Doswell, Charles A. Severe Convective Storms, Meteorological Monographs,. Boston, Mass.: American Meteorological Society, 2001.

Doswell, Charles A., and Frederick P. Ostby. A Kansas City Area Guide to Severe Thunderstorms and Tornadoes. Kansas City, Missouri: National Servere Storms Forecast Center, 1982.

Duey, Kathleen, and Mary Barnes. Freaky Facts About Natural Disasters. 1st Aladdin pbk. ed. New York: Aladdin Paperbacks, 2000.

Dutcher, Deborah D., and Southeast Regional Climate Center (U.S.). Tornados in North Carolina, 1950-1990, Technical Paper. Columbia, SC: Southeast Regional Climate Center, South Carolina Water Resources Commission, 1992.

Eagleman, Joe R., Vincent U. Muirhead, and Nicholas Willems. Thunderstorms, Tornadoes, and Building Damage. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1975.

Eagleman, Joe Roe. Thunderstorms, Tornadoes and Damage to Buildings: Environmental Publications, 1972.

Eaton, K. J., and C. J. Judge. Tornado Damage to Buildings, 26 June 1973, Building Research Establishment. Current Paper. Garston, Eng.: Building Research Establishment, 1975.

Eddy, William A. Blizzards, Cyclones, and Tornadoes. [S.l.: s.n.], 1888.

Edwards, Roger, and United States. National Weather Service. Southern Region. Tornadic Supercell over Dade and Broward Counties (Florida) on January 15, 1991, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Sr. Fort Worth, Tex.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division, Southern Region, 1992.

Elson, S. R. Tornadoes and Water-Spouts. [S.l.: s.n.], 1888.
England, Gary. Weathering the Storm : Tornadoes, Television, and Turmoil. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1996.

Environmental Visualization Program (U.S.). Noaa Environmental Visualization Program. [Silver Spring, Md.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,, 2000. videorecording.

Eskridge, Robert E., Phanindramohan Das, National Severe Storms Laboratory., and Texas A and M Research Foundation. Effect of Precipitation -Driven Downdraft on a Rotating-Wind Field; a Possible Trigger Mechanism for Tornadoes? College Station, Tex.: Texas A&M Research Foundation, 1974.

Espy, James P. The Philosophy of Storms. Boston, Mass.: C.C. Little and J. Brown, 1841.

Evans, John Corbly. A New Theory Concerning the Manner in Which the Planets Feed the Sun : Dealing with Cyclones, Hurricanes and Tornadoes : 1927 Weather Forecast. Lawrence, Kans.: [s.n., 1926.

Evenson, Eric C., Robert H. Johns, and United States. National Weather Service. Western Region. Scientific Services Division. Some Climatological and Synoptic Aspects of Severe Weather Development in the Northwestern United States, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Wr. [Salt Lake City, Utah]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, [Western Region, Scientific Services Division], 1995.

Evenson, Eric C., and United States. National Weather Service. Western Region. The 6 July and 9 July 1995 Severe Weather Events in the Northwestern United States : Recent Examples of Sswes, Noaa Technical Memorandum Nws Wr. [Salt Lake City, Utah]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, [Western Region], 1996.

Faidley, Warren, and Tom Willett. Storm Chaser! Cresson, Texas: A Weatherstock Production : distributed by Texas Weather Devices,, 1993. videorecording.

Faye, H. "Relations between Cyclones, Thunderstorms and Tornadoes." 22 p., 1889.

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———. A Popular Treatise on the Winds: Comprising the General Motions of the Atmosphere, Monsoons, Cyclones, Tornadoes, Waterspouts, Hail-Storms, Etc., Etc. 2d ed. New York,: J. Wiley & sons, 1898.
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Springfield, Va.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research

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Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories

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Fry, Juliane L. The Encyclopedia of Weather and Climate Change : A Complete Visual Guide. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 2010.

Fujita, Tetsuya Theodore. Aerial Survey of the Palm Sunday Tornadoes of April 11, 1965, Smrp Research Paper. Chicago: Satellite & Mesometeorology Research Project, Dept. of the Geophysical Sciences, Univ. of Chicago, 1966.

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———. Estimate of Maximum Wind Speeds of Tornadoes in Three Northwestern States, Smrp Research Paper, No. 92. Chicago,: Satellite and Mesometeorology Research Project, University of Chicago, 1970.

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———. Tornado Occurrences Related to Overshooting Cloud-Top Heights as Determined from Afs Pictures, Smrp Research Paper. [Chicago: Satellite & Mesometeorology Research Project, University of Chicago], 1972.

Fujita, Tetsuya Theodore, Dorothy L. Bradbury, and Clayton Francis Van Thullenar. Palm Sunday Tornadoes of April 11, 1965, Smrp Research Paper. [Chicago]: Satellite & Mesometeorology Research Project, University of Chicago, 1970.

Fujita, Tetsuya Theodore, National Science Foundation (U.S.), and University of Chicago. Satellite and Mesometeorology Research Project. The Downburst : Microburst and Macroburst, Report of Projects Nimrod and Jaws, Smrp Research Paper. [Chicago]: Satellite and Mesometeorology Research Project, Dept. of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 1985.

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———. U.S. Tornadoes. Part 1, 70-Year Statistics, Smrp Research Paper. Chicago, Ill.: Satellite and Mesometeorology Research Project, Dept. of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 1987.

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Springfield, Va.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division

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Springfield, Va.: The Commission : Available from GPO Sales Program, Division of Technical Information and Document Control

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Springfield, VA: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Scientific Services Division

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Washington, D.C.: U. S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1982.

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Washington, D.C.: U. S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1981.

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Washington, D.C.: U. S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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Sprinfield, Va.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration ;

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