WORLD DATA CENTER A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics EXPERIMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE SOLAR FLARE INDICES FOR CERTAIN FLARES, 1970-1974 November 1975 World Data Center A consists of the Coordination Office and seven Subcenters: World Data Center A Coordination Office National Academy of Sciences 2101 Constitution Avenue, N. W. Washington, D. C., U.S.A., 20418 [Telephone: (202) 389-6478] Glaciology: World Data Center A: Glaciology U.S. Geological Survey 1305 Tacoma Avenue South Tacoma, Washington, U.S.A. 98402 [Telephone: (206) 593-6506] Rotation of the Earth: World Data Center A: Rotation of the Earth U.S. Naval Observatory Washington, D. C., U.S.A. 20390 [Telephone: (202) 254-4023] Meteorology (and Nuclear Radiation): World Data Center A: Meteorology National Climatic Center Federal Building Asheville, North Carolina, U.S.A. 28801 [Telephone: (704) 258-2850] Solar-Terrestrial Physics (Solar and Interplanetary Phenomena, Ionospheric Phenomena, Flare-Associated Events, Geomagnetic Variations, Magnetospheric and Interplanetary Magnetic Phenomena, Aurora, Cosmic Rays, Airglow): World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics Environmental Data Service, NOAA Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. 80302 [Telephone: (303) 499-1000, Ext. 6467] Oceanography: World Data Center A: Oceanography National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Washington, D. C., U.S.A. 20235 [Telephone: (202) 634-7249] Solid-Earth Geophysics (Seismology, Tsunamis, Gravimetry, Earth Tides, Recent Movements of the Earth's Crust, Magnetic Measurements, Paleomagnetism and Archeomagnetism, Volcanology, Geothermics): World Data Center A for Solid-Earth Geophysics Environmental Data Service, NOAA Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. 83002 [Telephone: (303) 499-1000, Ext. 6521] Rockets and Satellites: World Data Center A: Rockets and Satellites Goddard Space Flight Center Code 601 Greenbelt, Maryland, U.S.A. 20771 [Telephone: (301) 982-6695] Notes: (1) World Data Centers conduct international exchange of geophysical observations in accordance with the principles set forth by the International Council of Scientific Unions. WDC-A is established in the United States under the auspices of the National Academy of Sciences. (2) Communications regarding data interchange matters in general and World Data Center A as a whole should be addressed to: World Data Center A, Coordination Office (see address above). (3) Inquiries and communications concerning data in specific disciplines should be addressed to the appropriate subcenter listed above. WORLD DATA CENTER A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics REPORT UAG-52 EXPERIMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE SOLAR FLARE INDICES FOR CERTAIN FLARES, 1970-1974 compiled by Helen W. Dodson and E. Ruth Hedeman McMath-Hulbert Observatory The University of Michigan 895 Lake Angelus Road Pontiac, Michigan 48055 U.S.A. November 1975 Published by World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado and printed by U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SERVICE Asheville, North Carolina, USA 28801 SUBSCRIPTION PRICE: $25.20 a year; $12.00 additional for foreign mailing; single copy price varies.* Checks and money orders should be made payable to the Department of Commerce, NOAA. Remittance and correspondence regarding subscriptions should be sent to the National Climatic Center, Federal Building, Asheville, NC 28801, Attn: Publications. *Price of this issue 60 cents EXPERIMENTAL COMPREHENSIVE SOLAR FLARE INDICES FOR CERTAIN FLARES, 1970-1974 compiled by Helen W. Dodson and E. Ruth Hedeman McMath-Hulbert Observatory, The University of Michigan 895 Lake Angelus Road North Pontiac, Michigan 48055 U.S.A. Introduction In July 1971 a report on An Experimental, Comprehensive Flare Index and Its Derivation for 'Major' Flares, 1955-1969 was published by the present authors as Report UAG-14. The experimental and exploratory nature of the index was emphasized. The index apparently proved to be a useful tool for some investigators and values of the indices for subsequent years have been requested. Accordingly, the present report has been prepared. We continue to emphasize the experimental nature of the index and report that the possible form of an improved comprehensive index has been discussed with colleagues. The imperfections of the present index are fully recognized, but a practical format for an improved type of comprehensive flare evaluation has not yet been developed. Under these circumstances, and in the interests of homogeneity, we have derived for the years 1970-74 comprehensive indices for so-called "major" flares following the same definitions and rules that were used in the preparation of the indices for 1955-1969. The five components that comprise the "profile" of the flare are listed below. The sum of the five components gives the Comprehensive Flare Index (CFI). 1. Importance of ionizing radiation as indicated by time-associated Short Wave Fade or Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance; (Scale 1-3). 2. Importance of Hα flare; (Scale 1-3). 3. Magnitude of ~10 cm. flux; (Characteristic of log of flux in units of $10^{-22} \text{Wm}^{-2} \text{Hz}^{-1}$). 4. Dynamic spectrum; (Type II = 1, Continuum = 2, Type IV with duration >10 minutes = 3). 5. Magnitude of ~200 MHz flux; (Characteristic of log of flux in units of $10^{-22} \text{Wm}^{-2} \text{Hz}^{-1}$). Comprehensive Flare Indices for "Major" Flares In Report UAG-14, and again in this report, values of the Comprehensive Flare Index have been derived for a group of flares that are considered to have been well above average in either ionizing, Hα, or radio frequency radiation. Specifically the index has been determined for all flares in 1970-74 that satisfied any one of the following criteria: - Short wave fade (or Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance) importance ≥3. - Hα Flare, importance ≥3. - 10 cm flux, ≥500 x $10^{-22} \text{Wm}^{-2} \text{Hz}^{-1}$. - Type II burst. - Type IV radio emission, duration >10 minutes. Each flare that satisfied at least one of the above criteria can in some sense be considered to have been a "major" flare and is so referred to in this report. The times of these "major" flares, with their respective profiles and comprehensive indices, are listed in Table I. In this table, the reported time refers to the Hα flare or subflare, when known. When no Hα event has been reported, a nominal time is given in parentheses and refers to the approximate time of the short wave fade or the radio frequency emission. Careful distinction has been made between "no flare reported" and "Hα observations not in progress." An asterisk in the Time column of Table I identifies the latter situation. Underlined times indicate exact beginning and/or end times. In order to take care of some of the inadequacies of the index, a few additions have been introduced in the tabulated data. A double asterisk now indicates the occurrence of a Type II burst with flares for which this fact is masked in the fourth entry in the profile by the occurrence of either continuum or Type IV emission. Columns giving information on the associated X-radiation (1-8Å), when known, and certain general remarks also have been added. For conventions of abbreviations see Solar-Geophysical Data, (SGD), especially SGD, 366 (Supplement), Explanation of Data Reports, February 1975, U.S. Department of Commerce, (Boulder, Colorado 80302 U.S.A.). See also on p. 17 the Notes to both Table I and Appendix Table of "Lesser Events." Table I COMPREHENSIVE FLARE INDEX FOR "MAJOR" FLARES†, 1970-1974 | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|------------------| | 1970 | Jan. 5 0415-0525 | N15W45 | 2n | 10506(S) | 02010 | 3 | s | A "Spotless" Flare | | | 6 1405-1500 | S21E30 | 1f | 10516(S) | 01010 | 2 | vs | A "Spotless" Flare | | | 8 (0216) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | vs | X-ray Flux Units = x10^-4 ergs/cm^2/sec | | | 18 1421-1455 | S14W39 | sn | 10525 | 10010 | 2 | 0.013 | | | | 28 1910-2020 | S14W34 | 2b | 10542 | 32300 | 8 | 0.490 | | | | 30 1500-1650 | S06W33 | 1b | 10544 | 11233 | 10** | 0.097 | | | | 31 1515-1615 | S22W63 | 2b | 10542 | 22130 | 8** | 0.039 | | | Feb. | 2 2037-2054 | S08W77 | sn | 10544 | 00012 | 3 | s | | | | 11 0704-0834 | N18W06 | 2b | 10568 | 22311 | 9 | 0.530 | | | | 12 0003-0127 | N18W17 | 1n | 10568 | 31000 | 4 | 0.130 | | | | 16 0202-0305 | S13W82 | 2n | 10567(S) | 02010 | 3 | s | A "Spotless" Flare | | | 20 0943-1050 | S18E32 | 2b | 10584 | 22200 | 6 | 0.140 | | | | 20 1717-1745 | S13W46 | sn | 10579 | 10130 | 5? | 0.013 | IV (DKM-SAG), called continuum by BO and CLRO. | | | 21 1310-1325 | S08E52 | sn | 10588 | 00031 | 4 | vs | | | | 21 1850-1915 | N17E72 | sn | 10595 | 10030 | 4? | s | IV (DKM-SAG), called continuum by BO. | | | 27 2318-2358 | N07E69 | 2b | 10607 | 32133 | 12** | 0.170 | | | | 28 1257-1323 | N07E61 | sn | 10607 | 30102 | 6 | 0.060 | | | Mar. | 1 0250-0325 | N15W30 | 1n | 10595 | 11113 | 7 | ≥0.013 | | | | 1 0500-0516 | N05E52 | sb | 10607 | 10233 | 9** | 0.047 | | | | 1 0936-0946 | N05E48 | 1b | 10607 | 31234 | 13** | 0.320 | | | | 1 1127-1203 | N13W31 | 2b | 10595 | 22233 | 12** | 0.094 | | | | 1 1529-1537 | N05E46 | 1n | 10607 | 21233 | 11** | (0.063) | | | | 1 1955-2129 | N15W37 | 2b | 10595 | 22213 | 10 | 0.220 | | | | 2 {0012-0038} | N06E39 | {1b} | 10607 | 21112 | 7 | 0.034 | | | | and {0046-0105} | | {sb} | 10607 | 21112 | 7 | 0.034 | | | | 2 1317-1450 | N06E35 | 1n | 10607 | 21233 | 11** | 0.064 | | | | 3 0629-0730 | N14W55 | 1b | 10595 | 21213 | 9 | ≥0.026 | | | | 4 1822-1852 | N14W79 | 1b | 10595 | 11234 | 11** | 0.039 | | | | 5 0407-0550 | S14E73 | 1n | 10618 | 31100 | 5 | 0.077 | | | | 6 (0933) | - | - | - | 30201 | 6 | 0.047 | | | | 6 1319-1349 | S14E60 | 1n | 10618 | 31132 | 10 | 0.035 | | | | 7 0140-0330 | S11E09 | 2b | 10614(S) | 22113 | 9 | 0.051 | A "Spotless" Flare | | | 8 g1425-1441 | S22W90 | 1n | 10621(S) | 01031 | 5? | s | IV (DKM-SAG) called continuum (M & DKM) by BO, and Is (M) by H. | | | 17 1440-1508 | N01W31 | sn | 10630 | 10132 | 7** | 0.008 | A "Spotless" Flare | | | 18 0712-0820 | S01W40 | 1n | 10630 | 11112 | 6 | 0.013 | | | | 18 1656-1738 | S04W45 | 1n | 10630 | 11032 | 7** | 0.006 | | | | 21 0035-0305 | N19E66 | 2f | 10641 | 02110 | 4 | 0.017 | | | | 23 (1700) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | s | IV (DKM-SAG), not reported by BO. | | | 23 (1758) | - | - | - | 00020 | 2** | x | | | | 25 1202-1430 | N14E10 | 1b | 10641 | 31232 | 11** | 0.100 | | | | 25 1559-1623 | N09E05 | sn | 10641 | 00011 | 2 | s | | | | 25 g2234-2246 | N18W11 | sn | 10641 | 00030 | 3 | s | | | | 25 2355-2410 | S17W62 | 1n | 10633 | 01010 | 2 | x | | | | 26 g1732-1743 | N08W25 | sb | 10641 | 10213 | 7 | 0.051 | | | | 26 2004-2125 | N05E66 | 2n | 10652 | 22232 | 11** | 0.094 | | | | 29 0010-0200 | N14W37 | 2b | 10641 | 22334 | 14** | 0.170 | | | | 31 1756-1901 | S12E45 | 2b | 10654(S) | 22231 | 10** | 0.021 | A "Spotless" Flare | | Apr. | 6 1953-2130 | S13E30 | 1n | 10669 | 31230 | 9? | 0.039 | IV (DCM-CLG) is reported as (cont.- M & DKM) by BO and CLRO. | | | 8 1944-2030 | N17E56 | 1n | 10675 | 2103- | 6 | 0.051 | | | | 8 2324-2353 | N16E55 | sn | 10675 | 20132 | 8** | 0.086 | | | | 9 1846-1930 | S13E50 | sn | 10674(S) | 00010 | 1 | s | A "Spotless" Flare | Note: See notes to Table I on page 17. | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|------------------| | 1970 | | | | | | | | | | Apr. 13 | 0418-0436 | N16W01 | sb | 10675 | 00113 | 5 | - | | | | 0413-0530 | N13W85 | 2b | 10670 | 32333 | 14** | 0.230 | | | | (1314) | | | | 00032 | 5** | s | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 27 | (1520) | | | 00030 | 3? | x | | | | 28 | 1811-1844| N11W79 | sb | 10693 | 10012 | 4 | 0.004 | | | | | 2116-2150| S09E35 | sb | 10709 | 10231 | 7 | 0.011 | | | May | 1 | 1424-1550| S13E11 | ln | 10709 | 11132 | 8** | 0.006 | | | | 4 | 2222-2500| N31E08 | 2f | 10714-(S) | 02010 | 3 | s | | | | | | | | 10722 | | | | | | 15 | 0925-1010| S09W10 | 1b | 10740 | 31100 | 5 | 0.077 | | | | 15 | 2200-2233| S08W18 | 1b | 10740 | 31000 | 4 | >0.007 | | | | 22 | 0020-0130| N16E12 | ln | 10750 | 01031 | 5** | 0.008 | | | | 22 | 1857-1912| N17W65 | sb | 10743 | 10011 | 3? | 0.013 | | | | 30 | 0226-0515| S08W31 | 2b | 10760 | 32101 | 7 | ≥ 0.043 | | | Jun. | 2 | 0618-0725| S08W76 | 2n | 10760 | 22132 | 10** | >0.021 | | | | 4 | (2347) | | | | 00012 | 3 | vs | | | | 5 | (1043) | | | | 00112 | 4 | s | | | | 12 | 2107-2230| S14W28 | ln | 10774 | 11112 | 6 | 0.015 | | | | 13 | 0300-0316| N18E56 | sn | 10789 | 10112 | 5. | 0.015 | | | | 13 | 0920-0939| N18E53 | sb | 10789 | 20212 | 7 | 0.100 | | | | 13 | 1227-1238| N18E51 | 1b | 10789 | 21203 | 8 | 0.300 | | | | 14 | 0503-0615| N19E42 | 2b | 10789 | 32211 | 9 | 0.510 | | | | 14 | 1321-1415| N20E42 | 2b | 10789 | 12233 | 11** | 0.150 | | | | 14 | 1415-1530| N18E35 | 1b | 10789 | 21032 | 8 | 0.120 | | | | 14 | 1659-1840| N18E35 | 1b | 10789 | 31200 | 6 | 0.500 | | | | 15 | 1304-1334| N18E22 | ln | 10789 | 22222 | 10 | 0.250 | | | | | and | | | | | | | | | 1316-1410 | N15E08 | 2b | 10781 | | | | | | | 15 | 1610-1658| N22E28 | sn | 10789 | 10120 | 4** | 0.008 | | | | 17 | g1550-1605| N19E04 | sf | 10789 | 00030 | 3? | s | | | | 28 | 0103-0148| N19E34 | 1b | 10808 | 21112 | 7 | - | | | | 28 | 1847-1855| N22W33 | sn | 10802 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | 28 | 1945-2045| N21E22 | 1b | 10808 | 31232 | 11** | 0.330 | | | | 29 | 1206-1335| N20E15 | 1b | 10808 | 11232 | 9? | 0.099 | | | Jul. | 1 | 2021-2139| N18W17 | ln | 10808 | 11132 | 8**? | 0.008 | | | | 2 | 1758-1921| N19W29 | 1b | 10808 | 11133 | 9**? | >0.009 | | | | 5 | 2206-2309| N11W15 | ln | 10813 | 01010 | 2**? | vs | | | | 6 | 2137-2230| N22W90 | 1b | 10808 | 21112 | 7 | 0.086 | | | | 7 | 1648-1711| N24W90 | sf | 10808 | | | | | | | | or | | | | | | | | | 1652-1706 | N08W56 | sf | 10813 | 20112 | 6 | 0.060 | | | | 1654-1715 | S09W14 | sf | 10815 | | | | | Active Region 10675 is going over the West Limb. IV (DKM-SAG), not reported by BO. IV is DCM only. A "Spotless" Flare related to a filament between the two regions. II (M&DKM - CLRO), called III G & V by H. Active Region 10760 is beyond West Limb. IV is DCM only. May be a continuation of preceding event. IV (DKM-SAG), duration 10 minutes, not reported by BO, H, or CLRO. IV (DKM-SAG), duration only 6 minutes, continuum (DKM) also reported. II (M) and IV (M&DKM) reported by CLRO, but not reported by H. II (M-CLRO) called "unclassified" by H, and Vb by SAG. II (M&DKM-CLRO), not reported by CLG. Three small subflares in progress at time of Type II. | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|--------------| | 1970 Jul. 7 | (1711) | - | - | - | 00012 | 3 | x | Another II, perhaps related to preceding event. | | 13 | 1715-1728 | N13E87 | sn | 10838 | 10013 | 5 | 0.005 | | | 14 | g0650-0702 | S15E90 | sn | 10837 | 10010 | 2 | 0.008 | | | 19 | 0052-0157 | N08E68 | 1b | 10845 | 31121 | 8 | 0.077 | | | 20 | 1109-1237 | N08E55 | 2b | 10845 | 32332 | 13 | 0.490 | | | 20 | g1836-1931 | N07E45 | sn | 10845 | 10030 | 4? | s | IV (DKM-SAG), Duration 12 minutes, called "unclassified" burst by CLRO. IV is DCM only. | | 20 | g2010-2106 | N05E43 | sn | 10845 | 10131 | 6 | 0.034 | | | 21 | 0437-0642 | N09E45 | ln | 10845 | 21131 | 8 | >0.021 | | | 21 | 1554-1629 | N17W76 | sn | 10830 | 10130 | 5? | 0.006 | IV (DKM-SAG) called continuum by H and CLRO. | | 22 | 0023-0132 | N08E33 | 1b | 10845 | 21332 | 11 | 0.140 | | | 22 | 0204-0235 | N21E75 | ln | 10846 | 11110 | 4 | 0.006 | | | 22 | 1535-1603 | N03W90 | sn | 10831 | 10030 | 4? | - | IV (DKM-SAG) called cont.(M & DKM) by CLRO. | | 22 | 1550-1623 | N08E18 | sn | 10845 | | | | | | 22 | 1940-1950 | N06E18 | sb | 10845 | 10213 | 7 | 0.009 | | | 23 | 1029-1140 | N10E13 | ln | 10845 | 31133 | 11 | 0.030 | | | 23 | 1832-2020 | N09E09 | 1b | 10845 | 21333 | 12 | 0.200 | | | 27 | 0717-0845 | N11W38 | ln | 10845 | 31222 | 10 | 0.039 | | | 30 | 0100-0140 | N11E02 | ln | 10852 | 01011 | 3 | s | | | Aug. 4 | (2104)* | - | - | - | 0-010 | 1 | - | No Flare Patrol at time of Type II. | | 10 | g2330-2352 | N19W26 | sn | 10865 | 10030 | 4 | - | | | 11 | 2317-2338 | N18E00 | sf | 10868 | 20232 | 9** | 0.047 | | | 12 | 2015-2128 | N11E90 | 1b | 10882 | 31333 | 13** | >0.490 | A bright limb flare with loops. | | 12 | g2106-2118 | N18W14 | sn | 10868 | 10022 | 5** | - | | | 12 | g2153-2210 | N18W52 | sn | 10865 | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | 14 | 1602-1700 | N10E74 | 1b | 10882 | 31233 | 12 | 0.440 | | | 16 | 1604-1657 | N16W72 | sn | 10865 | 10030 | 4? | 0.043 | IV (DKM-SAG) called continuum by CLRO. IV (DKM-SAG) reported in progress all day. Questionable SWF. | | 19 | 1117-1128 | N22W89 | sn | 10868 | 30232 | 10? | 0.490 | | | 19 | (1758) | - | - | - | 20010 | 3? | x | | | 25 | g1836-1847 | N17W57 | sn | 10887 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 26 | 1436-1525 | S07W74 | sn | 10890 | 00012 | 3 | s | | | 26 | (1528) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 30 | g1314-1331 | N08W53 | sb | 10917 | 10112 | 5 | 0.011 | | | Sep. 1 | g2213-2245 | N20E90 | sn | 10922 | 10011 | 3 | 0.026 | | | 4 | 1611-1812 | N21W19 | 1b | 10913 | 21120 | 6** | 0.017 | | | 5 | 0803-0931 | N19W22 | sn | 10913 | 00131 | 5 | 0.008 | | | 8 | 1227-1254 | N13W47 | 1b | 10918 | 21232 | 10 | 0.039 | | | 9 | 2117-2131 | N13W66 | sn | 10918 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 15 | 0444-0546 | N05W40 | ln | 10933(S) | 01010 | 2 | vs | A "Spotless" Flare | | 23 | 1817-1847 | N13E36 | sn | 10959 | 00020 | 2** | s | | | 24 | 1612-1720 | N09W11 | 1f | 10948 | 01020 | 3** | s | | | 26 | 0019-0041 | N17W66 | ln | 10946 | 01012 | 4 | - | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|------------------| | Oct. 22 | g1951-2011 | N21W57 | sf | 10993 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | 1425-1500 | N12W33 | sn | 10995 | 00112 | 4 | s | | | | 1235-1302 | N13E45 | sb | 11002 | 30100 | 4 | 0.099 | | | | (1212) | - | - | - | 30100 | 4 | ≥ 0.013 | | | | 1414-1435 | N11W77 | sn | 10995 | 10112 | 5 | 0.015 | | | | 2239-2304 | N13W84 | sn | 10995 | 10110 | 3 | 0.010 | | | | 1232-1330 | N21E21 | 2b | 11002 | 32234 | 14** | >0.039 | | | | 2328-2409 | N15W30 | 2b | 11002 | 22200 | 6 | >0.004 | | | Nov. 4 | 2119-2330 | N23E16 | 1b | 11018 | 21121 | 7** | >0.005 | | | | 2250-2302 | N14W85 | 1b | 11002 | 11110 | 4 | 0.030 | | | | 0307-0720 | S13E35 | 3b | 11019 | 33332 | 14** | 0.230 | | | | (0649) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | (0402) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | 1430-1455 | N19W40 | ln | 11022(S) | 01010 | 2 | s | | | | 1721-1735 | N15W66 | sn | 11030 | 10012 | 4 | ≥ 0.009 | | | | (0707) | - | - | - | 00212 | 5 | s | | | | 1911-1955 | N18E44 | sn | 11029 | 00020 | 2** | - | | | | 90342-0351 | N05E90 | sb | 11035 | 30213 | 9 | s | | | | (1740) | - | - | - | 00032 | 5 | s | | | | 0625-0850 | N15W12 | 2b | 11029 | 222-2 | ≥8 | 0.410 | | | | 91315-1330 | N16W11 | sn | 11029 | 20030 | 5 | - | | | | 1754-1905 | N16W18 | 1b | 11029 | 31100 | 5 | ≥0.170 | | | | 0042-0232 | N16W22 | 2b | 11029 | 32332 | 13** | >0.180 | | | | 0921-1110 | N16W27 | 2n | 11029 | 322-0 | ≥7 | 0.410 | | | | 1210-1324 | N16W27 | 1b | 11029 | 31120 | 7** | >0.200 | | | | 1337-1408 | N17W26 | 1b | 11029 | 11130 | 6 | 0.090 | | | | 0732-0900 | N16W38 | 2b | 11029 | 322-0 | ≥7 | 0.490 | | | | 1147-1210 | N15W41 | ln | 11029 | 21130 | 7** | 0.051 | | | | 1023-1043 | S12W19 | sn | 11032 | 00112 | 4 | - | | | | (1219) | - | - | - | 00020 | 2** | vs | | | | 2246-2322 | N01W19 | ln | 11035 | 21112 | 7 | 0.030 | | | | 1512-1606 | N07W40 | 1b | 11035 | 11212 | 7 | 0.051 | | | | 0007-0021 | N03W53 | sb | 11035 | 00012 | 3 | s | | | | (1502) | - | - | - | 00130 | 4 | - | | | Dec. 3 | (0420) | - | - | - | 10113 | 6 | - | | | | {2259-2426 or g2330-2352} | N15W46 | ln | 11060 } | 11110 | 4 | 0.013 | | | | 0425-0452 | S17W18 | sn | 11063 | | | | | | | 1144-1227 | N13E80 | 1b | 11077 | 31100 | 5 | 0.300 | | | | 0800-0840 | N13E70 | ln | 11077 | 00112 | 4 | >0.017 | | | | 1752-1814 | N03E85 | 1b | 11077 | 21111 | 6 | 0.056 | | | | 0351-0415 | N04E64 | ln | 11077 | 11130 | 6 | 0.017 | | | | 1025-1054 | N10E36 | 1b | 11077 | 01010 | 2 | - | | | | 2205-2443 | N16W01 | ln | 11073 | 11332 | 10** | 0.080 | | | | 0901-0922 | N10E23 | 1b | 11077 | 31103 | 8 | >0.100 | | | | 1831-1843 | N10E04 | sb | 11077 | 10113 | 6 | 0.039 | | | | (0617) | - | - | - | 00312 | 6 | vs | | A major flare in almost "Spotless" region. A "Spotless" Flare. Van Allen (2-12Å): "Greatest X-ray Event since Nov. 24, 1969". Also IV (DCM), duration 6 minutes reported by H. Also IV (M) reported by WEIS, duration only 5 minutes. IV (M) also reported by WEIS, duration only 7 minutes. IV (DKM) also reported by SAG, duration only 6 minutes. | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|-------------------------|---------------| | Jan. 1 | 2013-2043 (1844) | N13W34 | sn | 11097 | 00010 | 1 | s | IV (DKM-SAG) duration 2 hours, is reported as III N (M & DKM) by H. | | | | | | | 00030 | 3? | x | | | 13 | g1223-1243 | N14E69 | sf | 11123 | | 00032 | 5 | vs | | | 1237-1500 | S15E23 | sf | 11121 | | | | | | 14 | 1121-1143 | S09W56 | 1b | 11111 | 11213 | 8 | 0.051 | | | 16 | 0804-1030 | N18E65 | 2n | 11128 | 22322 | 11 | 0.090 | | | | (1429) | | | | 00130 | 4? | x | IV (DKM-SAG) reported as I N (DCM & M) by H. | | 21 | 1320-1353 | N19W04 | sn | 11128 | 30220 | 7** | >0.084 | | | 24 | 2308-2530 | N18W49 | 2b | 11128 | 22333 | 13** | 0.490 | | | Feb. | g0524-0558 | S09E13 | sn | 11145 | | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | 0533-0553 | N03W43 | sn | 11137 | | | | | | 5 | 1424-1448 | N10W75 | sn | 11140 | 00030 | 3 | vs | | | 5 | 2221-2320 | S09E02 | 2n | 11145 | 12232 | 10** | 0.009 | | | 14 | g0205-0225 | S14E85 | sf | 11163 | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | 14 | 2316-2400 | S12E74 | ln | 11163 | 01010 | 2 | s | | | 19 | g1458-1516 | N20W38 | sn | 11162 | 00012 | 3 | vs | | | 20 | 0814-0925 | N21W45 | ln | 11162 | 11111 | 5 | >0.017 | | | 22 | 1423-1522 | S14W38 | ln | 11163 | 01011 | 3 | s | | | 25 | (0451) | | | | 00010 | 1 | - | | | 27 | g0454-0530 | S22W87 | 1b | 11163 | 01012 | 4 | x | | | Apr. | 1300-1430 | S19W13 | ln | 11221 | 11132 | 8 | 0.005 | | | 6 | 0936-1028 | S19W80 | 1b | 11221 | 212-1 | ≥6 | >0.013 | | | 7 | (1612) | | | | 00030 | 3 | x | | | 10 | g1317-1345 | N04E88 | sn | 11249 | 10030 | 4 | - | | | 11 | g1504-1532 | N20W25 | sf | 11234 | 00030 | 3? | s | IV (M & DKM - BO), reported as cont.(DKM) by SAG. IV (DCM-H), becomes continuum at M & DKM-λ. Also IV (DCM) reported by CLG, duration only 2 minutes. | | 11 | g1637-1646 | N03E65 | sn | 11249 | 10030 | 4 | x | | | 20 | 0055-0157 | N21W17 | ln | 11256 | 31100 | 5 | ≥0.056 | | | 20 | 0513-0615 | N20W19 | 2b | 11256 | 32202 | 9 | 0.490 | | | 20 | 1919-2155 | S06W49 | ln | 11250 | 21221 | 8** | 0.030 | | | 21 | g0605-0631 | N18W45 | sn | 11256 | 10010 | 2 | 0.006 | | | 21 | 1115-1139 | N18W48 | sn | 11256 | 20111 | 5 | 0.009 | | | May | 1412-1428 | N15E47 | sb | 11294 | 30213 | 9 | 0.150 | | | 12 | 0131-0240 | N13W70 | 2n | 11294 | 22211 | 8 | 0.073 | | | 13 | 1750-1815 | N10W85 | ln | 11294 | 21231 | 9 | >0.073 | | | 14 | 1411-1540 | N04E11 | 1b | 11312 | 21232 | 10** | 0.086 | | | | (1805) | | | | 10130 | 5? | 0.013 | IV (DKM-BO) called continuum by CLRO and SAG. IV (DKM-BO) called continuum by CLRO. IV N reported by H, DCM-λ only. | | 15 | g1705-1732 | N03E24 | sn | 11313 | 00030 | 3? | - | | | 16 | (1236) | | | | 00031 | 4 | - | | | 26 | g1525-1643 | S08W18 | sn | 11340 | 00030 | 3 | - | | | Jun. | 5 | | | | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 24 | g0427-0502 | S10W90 | sn | 11377 | 00011 | 2? | x | Also IV (M), duration only 2 minutes, reported by CLG. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|---------------| | Jun. 29 | 1230-1252 | N18W15 | sn | 11393 | 20132 | 8 | 0.022 | | | | 1535-1610 | N18W17 | sb | 11393 | 10032 | 6 | 0.009 | | | | g1654-1700 | N16W18 | sf | 11393 | 10233 | 9** | | | | | 2235-2312 | N18W22 | sb | 11393 | 10011 | 3 | | | | | 2143-2200 | N17W33 | sn | 11393 | | | | | | Jul. 1 | 1340-1413 | S13E19 | lb | 11402 | 11112 | 6 | 0.015 | | | | g2105-2127 | N07W10 | sf | 11425 | 00022 | 4** | | | | | 1758-1850 | N07W77 | sn | 11425 | 10210 | 4 | 0.013 | | | Aug. 3 | 1040-1110 | S08E80 | ln | 11457 | 01011 | 3 | s | | | | (1520) | - | - | - | 00032 | 5 | x | IV (DCM-H), called IIIN and continuum by other observers, at M & DKM-λ. | | Sep. 1 | (1934) | - | - | - | 00232 | 7** | s | | | | 1836-1905 | S13W73 | sn | 11496 | 00030 | 3** | s | | | | g1617-1653 | S17E85 | sf | 11516 | 10030 | 4** | 0.044 | | | | 2353-2412 | S14E72 | sb | 11516 | 10110 | 3 | 0.013 | | | | 2338-2412 | S14E59 | sn | 11516 | 10112 | 5 | >0.022 | | | | 0320-0440 | S12E53 | ln | 11516 | 21112 | 7 | 0.040 | | | | 1544-1610 | S17E22 | lb | 11516 | 11011 | 4 | 0.018 | | | Oct. 3 | 1330-1530 | N13E14 | 2n | 11537 | 32232 | 12** | 0.080 | | | | 0024-0115 | N12W73 | ln | 11537 | 31000 | 4 | ≥0.031 | | | | 1302-1405 | N09E31 | 1b | 11565 | 31101 | 6 | ≥0.053 | | | Nov. 15| 0605-0630 | S15E59 | sn | 11610 | 00010 | 1 | s | | | | (2254) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3** | x | | | | g2031-2044 | S12W77 | sf | 11615 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | g1512-1516 | N14E86 | sf | 11621 | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 1511-1600 | N15E72 | 1b | 11621 | 21332 | 11** | 0.190 | | | | 0537-0650 | S18E59 | 1b | 11619 | 21322 | 10** | 0.049 | | | Dec. 2 | 0104-0208 | S15W66 | 1b | 11619 | 21231 | 9** | 0.058 | | | | 0229-0340 | S15W68 | sn | 11619 | 10231 | 7? | ~0.015 | IV and Cont. from previous event still in progress. | | | g1932-1945 | S12E68 | sf | 11639 | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | | (0240) | - | - | - | 00132 | 6** | x | | | | g0557-0635 | N19E33 | sf | 11647 | 00133 | 7 | vs | | | | g1323-1500 | N08W14 | sn | 11645 | 00030 | 3 | vs | | | | 2311-2325 | S21W74 | ln | 11657 | 21232 | 10** | (0.071) | | | | (2034)* | - | - | - | 1-110 | ≥3 | - | No flare patrol. | | | (2258)* | - | - | - | 1-110 | ≥3 | 0.022 | No flare patrol. Active region 11657 is going over West Limb on Dec. 30th. | | | (0125) | - | - | - | 10010 | 2 | 0.008 | | | Jan | (1831) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | | (0402) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | (1519) | - | - | - | 00200 | 2 | - | | | | (2006) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3 | x | | | | 0204-0305 | S11E47 | ln | 11687 | 01010 | 2 | 0.002 | | | | g2212-2219 | S08E30 | sn | 11687 | 00030 | 3**? | 0.002 | IV (M-CLG) is reported as cont. (M & DKM) by BO. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |--------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|------------------| | Jan. 13| 2125-2200 | S20E82 | 1n | 11693 | 21130 | 7**? | (0.039) | IV (M-CLG) is reported as cont. (M & DKM) by BO and cont. (M) by H. | | | | | | | | | | Several Flare choices at time of Type II. | | | 0625-0652 and/or 0630-0709 | S10E65 | 2n | 11693 | 02112 | 6? | 0.013 | IV (DCM-H) also reported, duration 4 minutes. | | | (1435) | S09W15 | 1n | 11687 | | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 1525-1553 | S10E60 | 1b | 11693 | 11110 | 4? | >0.044 | A "Spotless" Flare. | | | | | | | | | | Possibly questionable flare - association. | | | 1809-1915 | S11E70 | 1n | 11693 | 21130 | 7** | 0.022 | s | | | g2255-2315 | S15E49 | sf | 11693 | 00010 | 1 | | s | | | 0538-0615 | S16W39 | 2n | 11693 | 22232 | 11** | 0.071 | s | | | 0319-0342 | S17W51 | 1b | 11693 | 11112 | 6 | 0.036 | s | | | 0345-0358 | N14E55 | sn | 11709 | 10013 | 5 | 0.009 | s | | | 0016-0133 | S10E26 | 1n | 11708(S) | 01010 | 2 | vs | s | | Feb. | 2019-2045 | S19E84 | sn | 11734 | 10130 | 5 | 0.004 | s | | | 2313-2436 | S17E79 | 1n | 11734 | 21111 | 6 | 0.027 | s | | | 0827-0903 | S19E47 | 2b | 11734 | 22213 | 10 | 0.084 | s | | | g1820-1855 | S16E23 | sn | 11734 | 00031 | 4 | | s | | | 1729-1850 | N23E04 | sn | 11741 | 00232 | 7 | >0.005 | s | | | g1934-1944 | N08E82 | sf | 11748 | 1013- | ≥5** | >0.009 | s | | | 1928-2000 | S22E87 | sb | 11751 | | | | s | | | 2054-2110 and/or g2045-2050 | S23E84 | sn | 11751 | | | | s | | | 2133-2150 and/or 2137-2144 | S14E38 | sn | 11743 | | | | s | | | N15E51 | S13E30 | sb | 11743 | | | | s | | | 1515-1535 and/or 1516-1528 | N06E33 | 1n | 11748 | | | | s | | | S09W88 | | sn | 11729 | | | | s | | | 0029-0057 | N03W02 | 2n | 11748 | 22333 | 13** | 0.093 | s | | | 1310-1413 | N07W04 | 1b | 11748 | 31102 | 7 | 0.130 | s | | | 0649-0703 | S19E23 | sn | 11751 | 00110 | 2 | vs | s | | | 1926-1955 | N15W15 | sn | 11748 | 00120 | 3** | | s | | | g2135-2152 | N05W28 | sn | 11748 | 00112 | 4 | | s | | | 1805-1834 | N11W43 | sb | 11748 | 10112 | 5? | | s | | | (1842) | | | | 00012 | 3? | | s | | Mar. | (1625) | | | | 00030 | 3 | x | s | | | 0807-0830 | S07E42 | 1b | 11769 | 213-3 | ≥9 | 0.510 | s | | | 1135-1207 | S08E40 | sn | 11769 | 20213 | 8 | 0.018 | s | | | 2028-2040 | S08E18 | sn | 11769 | 00030 | 3 | vs | s | | | 2109-2126 | S12E21 | sn | 11769 | 20232 | 9 | 0.036 | s | | | 0237-0315 | S07E32 | sb | 11769 | 31234 | 13** | 0.160 | s | | | 1045-1150 | S07E26 | 1b | 11769 | 21233 | 11 | | s | | | 0216-0233 | S11E20 | 1b | 11769 | 00010 | 1 | | s | | | (0029) | | | | | | | s | | | 0112-0128 | N08E43 | sb | 11787 | 10112 | 5 | 0.018 | s | | | 0210-0251 | N11E74 | 1f | 11790(S) | 01010 | 2 | vs | s | | | (1524) | | | | 00010 | 1? | | s | A "Spotless" Flare. II (M-WEIS) is reported as IIIG(M) by H. | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event++ | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|----------------| | 1972 Apr 9 28 | 2318-2343 (2250) | S11W73 | - | 1b | 11799 | 11031 00010 | 6** (0.022) x | | | May 6 8 | g0026-0355 1527-1630 | S20E30 S18E04 | 2f sn | 11856 11856 | 02030 00130 | 5 4? | vs 0.005 IV (M & DKM-BO), called cont. (DKM) by SAG. | | 16 17 20 24 24 | 0307-0410 2234-2345 (2233) 0705-0740 (1620) | S06W15 N15E33 | 1b 2b - | 11870 11882 | 21232 22230 00030 | 10 9** 3 | 0.044 0.071 vs | | 24 28 | (1906) 1305-1500 | - N09E30 | - 2b | - 11895 | - 32333 | 4 14** | >0.510 x IV (DKM-BO) reported as I at M-λ by H. | | Jun. 3 6 8 12 15 | 1402-1530 1505-1533 g1319-1336 1318-1402 0928-1030 | N10W53 N10W90 S06W30 S11E53 S11E10 | ln 1b sf 1b ln | 11895 11895 11911 11926 11926 | 21232 31101 00011 31132 21212 | 10** 6 2 10** 8? | 0.013 0.080 vs 0.190 0.013 | | 15 20 | 1247-1500 1916-1923 | S12W02 N04E85 | ln sb | 11922 11933 | 21131 10132 | 8? 7**? | 0.062 0.036 | | 21 23 24 25 29 | g0338-0348 1723-1755 0700-0750 0441-0600 (1952) | N04E85 N08E39 N09E30 N08E20 | sn ln 1b 1b | 11933 11933 11933 11933 | 00012 21111 31232 11132 00030 | 3 6 11** 8** 3 | s 0.120 0.180 0.022 - | | Jul. 11 15 19 19 22 22 22 27 | 1352-1505 0404-0427 (0345) (0420) (0134) (0334) 0549-0630 0632-0700 and 0632-0642 | S10W25 S09W44 | ln sn - - - - sn | 11949 11959 - - - - 11958 11968 11971 | 21130 00011 00011 00010 00010 00010 00011 | 7 2 2 1 1 1 2 | 0.018 - - - - - 0.003 | | Aug. 2 2 | 0316-0451 0505-0800 1838-1859 | N13E35 N14E34 N14E26 | 1b 2n 1b | 11976 11976 11976 | 32322 21200 | 12 5? | ≥0.179 0.049 No II or IV reported in dynamic spectra. IV (DCM) reported by H, duration only 4 minutes. | | 2 4 4 4 4 | 1958-2355 0620-1000 1308-1340 (2136) g0234-0244 | N13E27 N14E08 N13W01 N14W19 | 2b 3b sn sf | 11976 11976 11976 11976 | 22333 33334 10032 00010 | 13 16 6 1 | ≥0.147 >0.456 x x | | 7 7 10 11 11 | 1200-1230 1443-1700 2306-2314 1217-1305 (1315) | N13W34 N14W36 N11W88 N12W90 | 1b 3b sn 1b | 11976 11976 11976 11976 | 11130 33333 00130 21131 00211 | 6 15** 4 8** | - ≥0.456 0.009 0.081 0.015 | | During CINOF Project, the flares of June 15 were reevaluated as Importance 2 IV (M & DKM-BO) is reported as cont. (DKM) by SAG. IV (DKM-SAG) duration 9 minutes. Reported as IIIG & V by H. | | IV is DCM only (H) | | Flare-association may be doubtful. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |----------|-------------------------------|----------|--------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|-------------------------|------------------| | 1972 Aug. 12 | (2042) | - | - | 00030 | 3? | 0.007 | IV (M & DKM-BO) is reported as Is and cont. at M-λ by CLG. | | 15 | 1739-1812 | N03E77 | sb | 11994 | 10110 | 3 | 0.021 | vs | | 21 | g1927-1936 | S12E60 | sf | 12002 | 00010 | 1 | | vs | | 24 | 0345-0445 | S04E02 | 2n | 12001 | 02012 | 5 | 0.005 | | | | and | S15E32 | sn | 12002 | 00030 | 3 | s | IV (DKM-BO), duration 11 minutes. | | 26 | (0348) | - | - | 00132 | 6** | 0.008 | | | | 26 | g2300-2340 | N16E89 | sn | 12011 | 00132 | 6** | 0.010 | | | 27 | g2334-2340 | N14E88 | sn | 12011 | 20231 | 8** | 0.020 | | | 28 | 1640-1658 | S24E89 | sn | 12014 | 10010 | 2 | 0.020 | | | 28 | g2021-2045 | N14E60 | sn | 12011 | 00033 | 6 | | | | 30 | 0650-0721 | S26E59 | ln | 12014 | 1111- | ≥4 | 0.020 | | | 31 | 2346-2415 | S26E37 | ln | 12014 | 01010 | 2 | s | Also cont. (DKM-BO) reported in progress all day. | | Sep. 5 | 1422-1600 | S25W21 | ln | 12014(S) | 01012 | 4 | s | Region has become "Spotless" by day of Flare. | | 5 | 1536-1636 | N17W19 | ln | 12011 | 01010 | 2 | 0.004 | | | 6 | 0407-0440 | S07W87 | 1b | 12012 | 21131 | 8** | - | | | 6 | g2149-2154 | S08W29 | sn | 12016 | 10132 | 7** | - | | | 10 | g1237-1252 | N11W62 | sf | 12023 | 00030 | 3? | - | IV (M & DKM-BO), called Ic(M) by H, and cont. (DKM) by SAG. | | 10 | (1745) | - | - | 00010 | 1 | s | | | | 21 | 2241-2345 | S17E13 | ln | 12040 | 01010 | 2 | 0.004 | | | Oct. 1 | 0433-0458 | N11E25 | sb | 12056 | 20112 | 6 | 0.081 | | | 1 | 1645-1711 | N12E16 | sn | 12056 | 20111 | 5 | 0.081 | | | 7 | 2225-2340 | N19W25 | 2n | 12057 | 02031 | 6? | s | IV (M & DKM-BO), called Is and cont. (M) by CLG. | | 10 | (2141) | - | - | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | | 21 | 1537-1556 | S12E90 | 1b | 12090 | 01010 | 2 | 0.003 | | | 27 | 1957-2014 | S11E22 | sn | 12094 | 00030 | 3? | - | IV (M & DKM-BO), called Is and cont. (M & DKM) by H&CLG. | | 28 | 1752-1911 | S09E67 | ln | 12099(S) | 01020 | 3** | 0.005 | A "Spotless" Flare. | | 29 | g1544-2020 | S10E05 | sn? | 12094 | 20230 | 7? | 0.033 | IV (M & DKM-BO), called I and cont. (M & DKM) by H and SAG. | | Nov. 1 | (0714) | - | - | 00013 | 4 | 0.013 | | | | 24 | 1234-1320 | S07W33 | sn | 12115 | 20130 | 6 | 0.016 | | | 25 | 0817-0912 | S06W44 | 1b | 12115 | 21233 | 11** | 0.049 | | | 28 | 0358-0428 | S08W81 | ln | 12115 | 01130 | 5** | 0.011 | | | Dec. 5 | g0602-0606 | S14W19 | sn | 12132 | 00010 | 1 | x | | | 8 | 2257-2345 | N10E38 | ln | 12136 | 21233 | 11** | >0.029 | Also IV (DCM & M-H), duration 8 minutes, No Flare Patrol. | | 9 | (1601)* | - | - | 2-210 | 5? | 0.014 | | | | 10 | 0033-0200 | N11E25 | ln | 12136 | 21131 | 8 | 0.029 | | | 15 | 0522-0645 | S06E47 | 1b | 12143 | 21110 | 5 | 0.029 | | | 16 | 0341-0445 | N12W57 | 1b | 12136 | 21232 | 10** | 0.101 | | | 30 | (2240) | - | - | 00030 | 3 | x | IV (M), From CLG Radioheliograph, with source position beyond East Limb. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|--------------| | Jan. 6 | 1350-1442 and 1447-1451 | N13E13 | In | 12164 | 21130 | 7** | 0.029 | | | | | N13E10 | If | | | | | | | | (2053) | | | | | | | | | | (1638)* | | | | | | | No Flare Patrol. | | | (1702)* | | | | | | | No Flare Patrol. | | | 0447-0505 | N09W53 | In | 12160 | 01110 | 3 | 0.005 | | | | 0035-0127 | N11W80 | Ib | 12160 | 31132 | 10** | >0.014 | | | | (1807) | | | | 20132 | 8** | >0.007 | | | Feb. 10| g1401-1452 | S13E45 | Sn | 12224 | 00011 | 2 | 0.003 | | | | g2253-2302 | N16W65 | If | 12223 | 01030 | 4 | 0.009 | IV (M & DKM-BO) is called cont. (M) by CLG. | | | (1905) | | | | | | | Region is Spotless on day of flare. | | | 2105-2257 | S06W06 | In(S) | 12228 | 01132 | 7** | 0.004 | | | | 1311-1345 | N06E13 | Sn | 12246 | 00030 | 3 | vs | | | | 2155-2245 | N08W01 | Ib | 12246 | 21131 | 8** | 0.065 | | | Mar. 1 | 1115-1205 | N07W08 | Ib | 12246 | 21212 | 8 | >0.084 | | | | 1057-1215 | S18W22 | Ib | 12261 | 11132 | 8** | 0.009 | | | | 0858-0920 | N10W48 | Sn | 12259 | 10132 | 7 | 0.013 | | | | 1443-1521 | S10W09 | Sn | 12263 | | | | | | | and/or | | | | | | | IV (M-BO) reported as I and cont. (DCM & M) by H. | | | 1514-1530 | S17W52 | Sn | 12261 | | | | IV (M-H) is reported as Is and cont. (DCM & M) by CLG. | | | 2253-2306 | S18W56 | Sn | 12261 | | | | IV (M & DKM-BO) is reported as Is and continuum at M-λ by CLG. | | | 2042-2115 | S13W28 | Sf | 12263 | 00032 | 5 | 0.004 | | | | 2205-2220 | S08W30 | Sn | 12263 | | | | | | | g2247-2303 | S07W31 | Sf | 12263 | 00130 | 4 | x | | | | 1111-1128 | N16E22 | Sb | 12273 | 10112 | 5 | 0.004 | Moving Type IV on CLG Radioheliograph related to eruptive prom. at East Limb. | | | (0230-0318) | | | | 00031 | 4 | s | | | | 26 | g2358-2400| N15W51 | 1b? | 12273 | 01030 | 4? | IV (M & DKM-BO) is a change from cont. in progress. Is and cont. (M) reported by CLG. | | Apr. 1 | 1703-1734 | N13E44 | Sb | 12298 | 00111 | 3 | 0.013 | Also cont. (DKM-BO) in progress all day. | | | 2202-2310 | N13E42 | In | 12298 | 01011 | 3 | 0.014 | | | | 1129-1255 | S13E70 | In | 12300 | 11122 | 7** | 0.009 | | | | 1223-1300 | S07E09 | Sb | 12306 | 30132 | 9 | 0.072 | | | | 1300-1327 | S08E09 | Sb | 12306 | | | | | | | and | | | | | | | 12300 and 12306 are "adjacent regions", and constitute a "zone" on the sun. | | | 1300-1520 | S12W20 | 2n | 12300 | | | | | | | 1838-2200 | S09W10 | Ib | 12306 | 21232 | 10** | 0.209 | | | | g1227-1239 | N13E25 | Sf | 12322 | 00030 | 3 | s | | | | 2145-2230 | N13E20 | Sn | 12322 | 10132 | 7** | 0.014 | | | | g1413-1449 | N14W03 | Sn | 12322 | 10232 | 8** | 0.008 | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max. X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks (r) | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|-----------------------|------------------|--------------------------|------------------| | 1973 | | | | | | | | | | Apr. | 24 1917-2010 | N13W06 | sb | 12322 | 10132 | 7** | 0.027 | | | | 26 1916-2110 | N12W36 | sn | 12322 | 10112 | 5 | 0.086 | | | | 26 g2300-2318 | N10W33 | sn | 12322 | 00012 | 3 | 0.005 | | | | 29 0132-0211 | N14W65 | sn | 12322 | 10130 | 5 | 0.014 | | | | 29 0625-0730 | N12W65 | 1b | 12322 | 21130 | 7 | 0.050 | | | | 29 0958-1130 | N12W68 | sb | 12322 | 20232 | 9 | ~0.080 | | | | 29 2056-2308 | N13W75 | 2b | 12322 | 32334 | 15** | 0.170 | | | May | 1 0243-0251 | N12W90 | sb | 12322 | 30332 | 11** | 0.209 | CLG Radioheliograph puts source 2R₀ beyond NW Limb. | | | 1 g1825-1853 | S14E74 | sf | 12336 | 10110 | 3 | 0.004 | | | | 1 (2110) | - | - | - | 10123 | 7** | - | | | | 3 0145-0236 | S14E54 | sn | 12336 | 20200 | 4 | 0.029 | | | | 3 (0444) | - | - | - | 00132 | 6** | - | | | | 3 0830-0915 | S14E51 | 2b | 12336 | 32334 | 15** | 0.209 | | | | 5 1655-1830 | S15E20 | 2b | 12336 | 32230 | 10? | >0.375 | IV is DCM only (H), duration only 9 minutes. | | | 10 (1240) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3 | - | | | | 13 (2234) | - | - | - | 10031 | 5? | 0.004 | IV (M & DKM-BO), reported as I₅ and cont. (M) by CLG. | | | 17 1908-1927 | N07E53 | ln | 12352 | 21113 | 8 | >0.010 | | | | 18 1525-1558 | N07E42 | 1b | 12352 | 21113 | 8 | >0.022 | | | | 18 2301-2307 | N08E37 | sf | 12352 | 00032 | 5 | 0.003 | IV (DKM-BO), reported as I₅ and cont. at M-λ by CLG and H. IV (160 and 80 MHz) observed by CLG Radioheliograph. | | | 19 g and/or 0003-0038 | N06E29 | sn | 12352 | 00032 | 5 | 0.003 | | | | 19 2233-2330 | N10E19 | 2b | 12352 | 22333 | 13** | 0.209 | | | Jun. | 10 (0020)* | - | - | - | 0-010 | 1 | - | No Flare Patrol. II also observed by CLG Radioheliograph. Source location is beyond NE Limb (Probably related to region 12387). | | | 10 (0059) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | 10 g0829-1000 | N21E85 | ln | 12387 | 01011 | 3 | vs | | | | 16 0857-1005 | N10E90 | 1b | 12387 | 22112 | 8 | 0.027 | | | | 26 1419-1510 | N13E11 | 2b | 12387 | 11232 | 9** | ≥0.010 | CLG Radioheliograph places source of II and IV at and beyond SW Limb. With concomitant III & V bursts on CLG Radioheliograph, source locations at SE Limb and SW Limb. | | | 29 0145-0210 | S13W48 | sn | 12402 | 00132 | 6 | 0.006 | | | | 29 1512-1527 | S08E74 | sb | 12414 | 10112 | 5 | 0.011 | | | | 29 g1906-1917 | S08E71 | sn | 12414 | 00012 | 3 | - | | | Jul. | 4 0201-0238 | S08E12 | ln | 12414 | 01132 | 7** | 0.004 | IV (160 and 80 MHz) observed by CLG Radioheliograph. | | | 7 0415-0449 | S08W32 | sn | 12414 | 00010 | 1 | s | | | | 8 g1819-1835 | S06W53 | sf | 12414 | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 15 (2330) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3** | - | Previous IV (M & DKM) is still in progress. IV (160 and 80 MHz) observed by CLG Radioheliograph. | | | 16 (0022) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | x | | | | 18 0217-0303 | N14W46 | sn | 12431 | 00032 | 5** | - | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|--------------| | 1973 Jul. 18 | 0217-0303 | N14W46 | sn | 12431 | 00032 | 5** | - | IV (160 and 80 MHz) observed by CLG Radioheliograph. | | | g0000-0017 (2027) | N18E88 | sn | 12461 | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 1312-1600 | N14E45 | 3b | 12461(S) | 23231 | 11** | 0.071 | A great "Spotless" Flare. | | Aug. 13 | (0616) | | | | 00011 | 2 | - | | | | 1344-1433 | N12E90 | 2f | 12497(S) | 02031 | 6 | s | A "Spotless" Flare IV (M & DKM-BO) is reported as cont. (DKM) by SAG. | | Sep. 4 | 0036-0058 | S17E32 | sn | 12512 | 00112 | 4 | vs | | | | and/or 0052-0106 | N13E27 | sn | 12510 | | | | | | | g1454-1510 | S17W12 | sn | 12507 | | | | | | | 1459-1518 | N12E18 | sn | 12510 | | | | | | | g1507-1518 | S12E55 | sf | 12513 | | | | | | | 5 g1828-1834 | N11E04 | sn | 12510 | 10112 | 5 | 0.013 | | | | 7 1139-1345 | S17W46 | 2b | 12507 | 32232 | 12** | 0.140 | | | | 8 (1720) | | | | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 11 0654-0737 | S11W55 | ln | 12520 | 01111 | 4 | 0.013 | | | | 14 (2338) | | | | 00030 | 3 | x | | | | 17 (1516) | | | | 00020 | 2** | x | | | | 23 1747-1816 | S14E32 | sn | 12534(S) | 00011 | 2 | s | A "Spotless" Flare. | | Oct. 3 | 2031-2103 | N18E08 | sn | 12543 | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 4 1031-1220 | S14W44 | ln | 12540 | 11010 | 3 | 0.004 | | | | 5 1928-1957 | S15W42 | sf | 12542 | | | | | | | and/or 1937-2039 | S12W59 | sf | 12540 | | | | | | | 6 1049-1127 | S16W68 | sn | 12540 | 00010 | 1 | s | | | | 7 2322-2335 | N14W64 | sn | 12543 | 00010 | 1 | vs | | | | 27 1547-1746 | N18E54 | 2n | 12590 | 12131 | 8** | 0.031 | | | | 30 1440-1530 | S15W34 | sn | 12584 | 00032 | 5 | 0.004 | | | Nov. 1 | 1925-2052 | S17W65 | sn | 12584 | 10131 | 6 | 0.008 | | | | 3 0012-0100 | S20W85 | ln | 12584 | 21233 | 11** | 0.170 | | | | 4 (1935) | | | | 00030 | 3** | 0.004 | | | | 26 1334-1400 | S09E11 | ln | 12628 | 11112 | 6 | 0.018 | | | | 27 0306-0325 | S07E03 | sb | 12628 | 10111 | 4 | - | | | Dec. 3 | (0607) | | | | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | 22 g0300-0328 | S19E03 | sn | 12664 | 00010 | 1? | s | IIN (M) reported by CLG, duration >4 hours. | | | 23 (0000) | | | | 00010 | 1? | x | IIN (M) reported by CLG for >7 hours. Perhaps not flare-associated. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.-X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|--------------------------|--------------| | Jan. 16 | (0636) | - | - | 00010 | 1 | 0.018 | vs | | | (1931) | - | - | 00010 | 1 | | | | Feb. 15 | 1505-1539 | S12W51 | sn | 12749 | 10212 | 6? | 0.018 | Also IV (DCM) Reported by DWIN, duration 4 minutes. | | | 1513-1533 | S18W30 | sb | 12752 | 20132 | 8? | - | IV (DKM-SAG), duration 3 minutes. Reported as IIIG & V (DCM, M & DKM) by H. | | Apr. 1 | 1605-1623 | N08W90 | sn | 12834 | 00030 | 3 | - | | | 1541-1607 | S12W36 | ln | 12848 | 31000 | 4 | 0.048 | | | 1620-1655 | S13W55 | lb | 12849 | 31200 | 6 | - | | | (1433) | - | - | 00010 | 1 | - | | | | g1430-1456 | S07E90 | sf | 12906 | 00130 | 4 | - | | May | 1002-1027 | S11E75 | 2b | 12906 | 22002 | 6 | | | | (2330) | - | - | 00030 | 3 | | | | | 2117-2328 | S13W65 | 2n | 12906(S) | 12211 | 7 | | | Jun. | 0008-0055 | S14W13 | 1b | 12972(S) | 21132 | 9** | | | | 1535-1600 | S15W46 | 1b | 12972(S) | 11112 | 6? | | | | g2200-2253 | S12W08 | sn | 13002 | 00131 | 5** | | | | 0508-0655 | S15W50 | 3n | 13002(S) | 13110 | 6 | | | | g0226-0245 | S11E49 | sn | 13043 | 10110 | 3 | | | | 2223-2310 | S12E45 | 1b | 13043 | 21222 | 9** | | | Jul. | 2205-2252 | S12E30 | 1b | 13043 | 11232 | 9? | | | | 2334-2437 | S15E27 | sn | 13043 | 10121 | 5** | | | | g0147-0156 | S14E21 | sf | 13043 | 10010 | 2? | | | | 0606-0745 | S15E22 | ln | 13043 | 21234 | 12 | | | | g0809-0910 | S15E20 | sf | 13043 | 00030 | 3 | | | | g1348-1415 | S16E16 | sf | 13043 | 10032 | 6** | | | | 1627-1651 | S13E10 | sn | 13043 | 10130 | 5 | | | | 1922-1951 | S16E11 | sn | 13043 | 10030 | 4? | | | | {2220-2403 and 2252-2356} | S14E27 | sb | 13043 | 11132 | 8 | | | | S15E14 | ln | | | | | | IV (DKM-SAG), duration 10 minutes. Not reported by BO. IV (M & DKM-BO), duration >4 hours, called I₅ and Cont. (M) by CLG. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.-X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|--------------------------|--------------| | 1974 | | | | | | | | | | Jul. | 3 0759-0928 (1058) | S15E08 | 2b | 13043 | 32234 | 14 | | IV (DCM & M), duration 13 minutes. | | | 3 g1220-1238 | S12E04 | sf | 13043 | 00132 | 6 | | | | | 3 g1418-1438 | S17E05 | sf | 13043 | 00030 | 3 | | | | | 4 0610-0800 | S15W04 | 1b | 13043 | 31333 | 13? | | IV (DCM & M - DURN), called continuum by CLG. | | | 4 1320-1450 | S16W07 | 2b | 13043 | 32333 | 14** | | | | | 4 1704-1724 | S17W09 | sn | 13043 | 10132 | 7 | | | | | 4 1818-1855 | S17W10 | ln | 13043 | 11202 | 6 | | Ic (M & DKM) also reported by H. | | | 4 2031-2125 | S16W12 | ln | 13043 | 21232 | 10 | | | | | 4 g2313-2346 | S14W13 | sf | 13043 | 00020 | 2** | | Cont. (M-CLG), duration 12 minutes. | | | 5 1506-1610 | S15W23 | 1b | 13043 | 31232 | 11 | | | | | 5 2120-2326 | S15W26 | 1b | 13043 | 31334 | 14** | | | | | 6 0537-0540 | S14W01 | sf | 13051 | | | | | | | 9 and 0549-0603 | S17W32 | sf | 13043 | | | | | | | 6 1050-1227 | S17W35 | 1b | 13043 | 21234 | 12 | | | | | 6 1817-2010 | S15W40 | 1b | 13043 | 31232 | 11 | | | | | 7 (2333)* | - | - | - | 0-010 | 1? | | No Flare Patrol. Cont. (DKM-BO) in progress 2312-2605 UT. | | | 8 1540-1610 | S17W64 | sn | 13043 | 30200 | 5 | | | | | 9 0149-0215 | S15W69 | sb | 13043 | 30100 | 4 | | | | | 9 1355-1405 | S17W74 | sn | 13043 | 20231 | 8** | | | | | 18 2012-2020 | S11W18 | sf | 13063 | 00030 | 3? | | IV (M & DKM-BO), duration >5 hours, reported as cont. by SAG & CLG. | | | 23 g2317-2343 | S15E06 | sn | 13088 | 00030 | 3 | | CLG Radioheliograph observes IV (160 - 43 MHz). Source location is in SE Quadrant. | | | 26 0644-0730 | S13E50 | ln | 13095 | 01010 | 2 | | | | | 26 2225-2243 | S10E35 | sn | 13095 | 00112 | 4 | | | | Sep. | 10 2120-2340 | N09E60 | 2b | 13225 | 32333 | 14** | | IV is DCM only (H). | | | 12 g2021-2052 | N10E32 | sn | 13225 | 00032 | 5 | | | | | 13 1509-1758 | S14E24 | 2b | 13224 | 32232 | 12** | | IV (DCM-H) No known flare. | | | 15 (1447-1653) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3 | | IV (DCM-H). | | | 15 g1803-1848 | N11W11 | sn | 13225 | 00030 | 3 | | IV (DCM-H). | | | 16 g1320-1545 | N05W19 | sf | 13225 | 00130 | 4 | | IV (DCM-H). | | | 18 1052-1244 | N10W42 | ln | 13225 | 11132 | 8 | | IV (DCM-H). | | | 18 1528-1900 | N09W44 | ln | 13225 | 11132 | 8 | | IV (DCM-H). | | | 19 2224-2500 | N08W62 | 2n | 13225 | 22332 | 12** | | No Flare Patrol 22nd 2201-2342 UT. Type IV begins 22nd 2301 UT. | | | 23 0021-0045 | N13W90 | 1b | 13225 | 01231 | 7 | | No Flare Patrol. | | | 23 g1200-1206 | N07W90 | ln | 13225 | 21234 | 12** | | | | | 24 (0403)* | - | - | - | 00232 | 7** | | | | Oct. | 1 (2302) | - | - | - | 00012 | 3 | | CLG Radioheliograph places source of II at East Limb. | | | 3 2047-2145 | N10E00 | 1f | 13262 | 01032 | 6 | | | | | 5 1158-1222 | N08E90 | sn | 13280 | 00030 | 3 | | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Max.X-ray Flux (t) | Some remarks | |--------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|------------------------|-------------------| | 1974 Oct. 5 | g{1508-1547 and/or 1510-1525} | S20E44 | sn | 13278 | | | | | | | g{1550-1610} | N08E90 | sn | 13280 | 00030 | 3 | | | | 8 | | N07E47 | sf | 13280 | 00010 | 1 | | | | 11 | 0325-0401 | N12E02 | ln | 13280 | 21232 | 10** | | | | 11 | 1010-1050 | N12W03 | lb | 13280 | 21112 | 7? | | | | 11 | 1425-1548 | N12W03 | lb | 13280 | 21232 | 10 | | | | 12 | 1130-1215 | N11W05 | ln | 13280 | 21232 | 10 | | | | 25 | (1716) | - | - | - | 00020 | 2** | | | | 31 | 1539-1553 | N16E90 | sn | 13324 | 30131 | 8** | | | | Nov. | 1529-1550 | S12W78 | sn | 13310 | 21233 | 11** | | | | 6 | 0309-0342 | S13W85 | lb | 13310 | 21231 | 9** | | | | 6 | 1345-1442 | N15E13 | lb | 13324 | 11111 | 5? | | | | 7 | g{1500-1520 and/or 1523-1556} | N10W06 | sf | 13324 | 00030 | 3 | | | | 30 | 0551-0614 | N03W52 | sn | 13343 | 00010 | 1 | | | | Dec. | (1950) | - | - | - | 00010 | 1 | | | | 22 | 1601-1810 | N06E14 | ln | 13383 | 01131 | 6** | | | | 25 | 1906-2030 | N05W26 | lb | 13383 | 11131 | 7** | | | | 27 | 0017-0059 | N07W43 | ln | 13383 | 01110 | 3 | | | CLG Radioheliograph observes II and IV, source location in NE Quadrant. IV (DCM-DURN) also reported, but duration is only 1 minute. IV (M-WEIS), duration 10 minutes. With Two Type II's. CLG Radioheliograph locates source of II and IV. 1 to 2 R₀ beyond W. Limb. Also IV (DCM & M-DURN), duration 7 minutes. Notes: + This list of "major" flares includes all flares that satisfied any one of the five criteria stated on page 1 of this report. abcde The successive entries in the column titled "Hα Flare Profile" refer respectively to evaluations of the ionizing radiation, the Hα flare, the ~10 cm flux, the type of event in the dynamic spectrum, and the ~200 MHz flux. See page 1 of this report. A dash (-) appearing in the profile set indicates "no observations" were available for that respective entry. †† When no flare or subflare was reported the beginning time of the SID or radio frequency event is shown in parentheses. g Flare data were taken from Solar-Geophysical Data instead of the "IAU Quarterly Bulletin on Solar Activity" as in all other cases. * Ha flare patrol was not in progress. S This letter appearing after the McMath plage number indicates a "Spotless" flare took place. ** A double asterisk following the index value indicates that a Type II burst, in addition to continuum or Type IV emission, also was reported. ? A question mark following the index value indicates a Type IV event that is questionable for either duration or conflicting reports. t In general this column contains information on 1-8Å flux compiled from assorted data published in Solar-Geophysical Data (SGD) for the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) SOLRAD X-ray data. It is expressed in units of ergs cm$^{-2}$sec$^{-1}$. If the flux value is enclosed in parentheses it indicates 2-12Å data (Van Allen) have been used. In this column the following conventions have been used from a subjective examination of the graphs of the 1-8Å X-ray records: s = small, vs = very small, x = no event, - = no data. r In the remarks column the following abbreviations have been used: DCM, M, DKM = decimetric, metric, and dekametric events in the dynamic spectrum; BO (Boulder), CLG (Culgoora), CLRO (Clark Lake Radio Observatory), DURN (Dürnten), DWIN (Dwingeloo), H (Ft. Davis), SAG (Sagamore Hill), WEIS (Weissenau) = stations reporting dynamic spectrum events. Comments on the Data Included in the List of "Major" Flares Table I above provides information about the "major" flares in the second five years of solar cycle 20. Similar data for the first five years of the cycle can be found in Report UAG-14. It should be realized that changes over the years in observational range and sensitivity, as well as reporting techniques, have influenced to some extent the identification of an event as a "major" flare and the value of the derived comprehensive index. In the years 1970-74 increased reports of Type II and Type IV radio frequency emission with either subflares or at time of no known Hα flare have increased markedly the proportions of so-called "major" flares with indices of 1 to 3 (See Figure 1A). In solar cycle 20 there were 100 flares with comprehensive indices >10, (41 in 1967-69 and 59 in 1970-74) and these flares with significant radiation generally throughout the electromagnetic spectrum comprised approximately 10% of the list of "major" flares. The completeness or homogeneity of the data in Table I can be evaluated in part from the distribution of the "major" flares versus Universal Time (UT). (See Figure 1A). For both five-year intervals there tends to be a maximum in the second half of the Universal Day. This tendency is not marked for flares with indices >10 but increases as the indices become smaller. The relationship between Hα flare importance and comprehensive flare index for "major" flares, 1970-74, is shown in Table II. It can be noted that only 37, or 56%, of the "major" flares with Hα importance ≥2 had comprehensive indices ≥10. It also seems of interest that more than half of the flare-events here identified as "major" corresponded in time to either subflares or to no known Hα flare. These results support current efforts of the World Data Centers and of the Solar Commission of the IAU to improve the world-wide reporting and tabulation of Hα events considered to be subflares. The distribution of Comprehensive Indices for each year in the interval 1970-74 is shown in Table III. The small number of "major" flares in 1971 should be noted. Fig. 1A. Distribution of "Major" Flares by Comprehensive Flare Index (CFI) and UT, Solar Cycle 20; 1965-69, 1970-74. Data for Flares in the Appendix Fig. 1B. Distribution of "Lesser" Flares (see Appendix) by Comprehensive Flare Index (CFI) and UT, 1970-74. Table II Hα Importance of Flares in List of "Major" Flares 1970-1974 | Hα Importance | Value of Comprehensive Index | |---------------|-----------------------------| | | 1-3 | 4-6 | 7-9 | 10-12 | 13-15 | >15 | Total | | Number of Flares | | | | | | | | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | | 2 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 0 | 61 | | 1 | 25 | 52 | 60 | 40 | 5 | 0 | 182 | | S | 86 | 82 | 33 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 204 | | ? | 71 | 23 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 98 | | Total | 185 | 167 | 113 | 62 | 22 | 1 | 550 | Percent of Flares | Hα Importance | Value of Comprehensive Index | |---------------|-----------------------------| | | 1-3 | 4-6 | 7-9 | 10-12 | 13-15 | >15 | Total | | Percent of Flares | | | | | | | | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 100 | 1 | | 2 | 2 | 5 | 14 | 29 | 68 | 0 | 11 | | 1 | 14 | 31 | 53 | 64 | 23 | 0 | 33 | | S | 46 | 49 | 29 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 37 | | ? | 38 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | | Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | Table III Number of "Major" Flares Distributed by Value of Comprehensive Flare Index, 1970-1974 | Year | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | Total | |------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|-------| | 1970 | 11| 13| 18| 23| 19| 18| 18| 11| 10| 10 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 4 | | | | 173 | | 1971 | 9 | 4 | 16| 10| 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | | | | 74 | | 1972 | 16| 15| 17| 11| 12| 14| 8 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | 124 | | 1973 | 19| 4 | 16| 8 | 13| 5 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | | | 97 | | 1974 | 7 | 4 | 16| 6 | 6 | 10| 6 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 4 | | | | 82 | | Total| 62| 40| 83| 58| 57| 52| 46| 40| 27| 26 | 24 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 1 | | 550 | Comprehensive Indices for "Lesser" Flares In order to provide values of the Comprehensive Index for flares of potential interest but not included in the list of "major" flares, an appendix to Table I has been provided. The appendix follows the format and conventions of Table I and gives profiles and comprehensive indices for the following categories of flares: (1) All flares of Hα importance 2 not contained in the list of "major" flares. (2) All additional flares for which the (1-8Å) peak flux was greater than 0.040 ergs cm⁻²sec⁻¹. (3) All flares for which Type IV emission was reported but for which the duration was less than 10 minutes. This compilation of Comprehensive Flare Indices for so-called "lesser" flares contains 203 entries, 40 of them for flares of Hα importance 2. The comprehensive indices range from 1 to 9 with highest frequencies at values 3 to 5. There were only 3 cases of an index as great as 9 (see Figure 1B). Apparently the listing of "major" flares picks up practically all instances of flares with comprehensive indices as great as 10. Peak X-Ray Flux for "Major" Flares The availability of X-ray data for flares in the years 1970-74 suggests that this aspect of flare emission be compared with the Comprehensive Flare Index for "major" flares during the years in question. Figure 2A shows a comparison of the comprehensive indices and the peak X-ray flux for these flares. As is to be expected, there is a general proportionality between the two values, but the scatter is great. High values of X-ray maximum do not guarantee high values of the index with its partial dependence on radio frequency flux. For flares with indices of 6, the X-ray emission ranged all the way from "no detectable event" to the highest values measured. COMPARISON OF X-RAY FLUX WITH CFI AND SID VALUES Fig. 2A. Comparison of the Comprehensive Flare Index (CFI) with the peak x-ray flux for the "major" flares of 1970-74. Fig. 2B. Comparison of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances (SIDs) with the peak x-ray flux for the "major" flares of 1970-74. In the derivation of the index, the importance of the SID has been used as a supposed measure of the ionizing or X-radiation of the flare. Figure 2B shows the extent of the proportionality between these two quantities for "major" flares in 1970-74. With a few marked exceptions, and with a wide scatter, the two values increase together. It should be remembered that the X-ray measure is the value of the peak flux without regard for the duration of the event. On the other hand, the importance of the SID is influenced by duration. This difference probably contributes to the large range in X-ray flux values associated with the respective evaluations of the SID. In spite of the scatter of the points, Figure 2B suggests that future derivations of the comprehensive index could replace the SID importance by a number reflecting the characteristic of the logarithm of the peak X-ray flux, without a serious break in the homogeneity of the indices. Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge with gratitude support from NOAA Contract No. 03-4-022-94 and NASA Grant NGL-23-005-275 during the years in which the work for this study was carried out. | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks (r) | |------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|----------------| | 1970 | Jan. 2 | 0510-0750 | N20E54 | 2n | 10512 | 02001 | 3 | 0.004 | | | | 0608-0650 | S15W25 | 2n | 10542 | 22100 | 5 | 0.090 | | | | 0158-0244 | S21W29 | 2n | 10542 | 12100 | 4 | 0.007 | | | Feb. 2 | 2143-2233 | S23W89 | 1b | 10542 | 21100 | 4 | 0.090 | | | | 0620-0700 | N19E20 | 1n | 10568 | 21100 | 4 | 0.140 | | | | 0209-0312 | N19W03 | sb | 10568 | 20100 | 3 | 0.094 | | | | 2110-2345 | N19W13 | 2b | 10568 | 22100 | 5 | 0.490 | | | | 91605-1710 | S07W05 | sf | 10588 | 1003- | ≥4? | 0.005 | | | | 1908-2050 | N07E58 | 1b | 10607 | 21200 | 5 | 0.094 | | | Mar. 1 | 2023-2136 | N07E43 | 2b | 10607 | 12000 | 3 | - | | | | 2031-2125 | N15W65 | 2b | 10595 | 22200 | 6 | 0.094 | | | | 0306-0345 | S14W46 | 2n | 10618 | 22101 | 6 | 0.060 | | | | 0633-0800 | N22W29 | 2n | 10617 | 12100 | 4 | 0.013 | | | | 2336-2415 | N16E29 | 2n | | 10641 | 12100 | 4 | 0.013 | | | | 0018-0100 | N15E32 | 2n | | 10641 | 20033 | 8? | 0.005 | | | | 1450-1513 | N09W24 | sn | | 10641 | 20033 | 8? | 0.005 | | | Apr. 6 | 1234-1346 | S13E40 | 2n | 10669 | 22100 | 5 | 0.039 | | | | 0400-0423 | N16E52 | 1b | 10675 | 21100 | 4 | 0.051 | | | | 1713-1845 | N11W50 | 1b | 10670 | 21203 | 8 | 0.077 | | | | 0037-0058 | N05W73 | 1b | 10684 | 21202 | 7 | 0.069 | | | May 8 | 0656-0805 | N14E23 | 2b | 10725 | 22100 | 5 | 0.064 | | | | 0716-0808 | N16E80 | 1n | 10743 | 21101 | 5 | 0.064 | | | | 0145-0322 | S09W06 | 1b | 10740 | 21000 | 3 | 0.086 | | | | 0137-0223 | N06W68 | 2f | 10741 | 02000 | 2? | x | | | | 1121-1144 | S07E17 | 1b | 10760 | 21000 | 3 | 0.230 | | | Jun. 7 | 0705-0735 | N17E90 | 1b | 10781 | 21200 | 5 | 0.064 | | | | 0658-0718 | N17E53 | sb | 10789 | 20203 | 7 | 0.140 | | | | 1330-1410 | N16E44 | 1n | 10789 | 11120 | 5 | 0.100 | | | | 1748-1813 | N18E48 | sb | 10789 | 10200 | 3 | 0.090 | | | | 2151-2223 | N17E40 | sb | 10789 | 20202 | 6 | 0.200 | | | | 0004-0040 | N19E43 | 1n | 10789 | 21202 | 7 | 0.200 | | | | 0228-0320 | N19W02 | 2n | 10781 | 12000 | 3 | 0.050 | | | | 2321-2402 | N19E29 | 1n | 10789 | 11100 | 3 | ~0.080 | | | | 0238-0315 | N19E30 | sb | 10789 | 10100 | 2 | 0.130 | | | | 0655-0737 | N18E15 | sb | 10789 | 10100 | 2 | 0.064 | | | | 0121-0157 | N19E05 | 1b | 10789 | 21100 | 4 | 0.073 | | | | 0712-0930 | S06W26 | 2n | 10798 | 02101 | 4 | >0.013 | | | | 1834-1940 | N10E12 | 2b | 10801 | 12202 | 7 | 0.030 | | | Jul. 28 | g1259-1318 | N12W53 | sn | 10845 | 00130 | 4? | 0.004 | | | Aug. 1 | 1025-1210 | N06W43 | 2b | 10851 | 22100 | 5 | 0.039 | | | | 0809-0825 | N17W59 | sn | 10865 | 20100 | 3 | 0.060 | | | | 1140-1200 | N16W88 | sb | 10865 | 20102 | 5 | (0.034) | | | | 92345-2354 | N18W86 | sn | 10865 | 10100 | 2 | 0.099 | | | | 91140-1155 | N17W90 | 1n | 10865 | 21000 | 3 | 0.086 | | | | (1152-2330) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | | | | | 2204-2225 | N07E18 | 1b | 10882 | 21200 | 5 | 0.110 | | | | 0424-0441 | N15E44 | sn | 10888 | 20000 | 2 | ≥0.060 | See Notes to Appendix of "Lesser Events" table on p. 17 (same as for Table I). | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks (r) | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|--------------| | 1970 Aug. 20 | (1126-2300) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG) in progress all day. | | | (1219-2219) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG) in progress all day. | | | g1349-1551 | N19E88 | sn | 10913 | 10103 | 5 | 0.051 | | Sep. 27 | 2115-2230 | N15W19 | 2n | 10959 | 12100 | 4 | >0.013 | | | 0418-0510 | S09E24 | 2n | 10964 | 12101 | 5 | 0.021 | | Oct. 6 | 0009-0212 | S10E07 | 2n | 10971 | 12101 | 5 | 0.026 | | | 2151-2230 | N19E79 | 1n | 11002 | 21102 | 6 | 0.140 | | | 0450-0632 | N18E75 | 2n | 11002 | 121-1 | ≥5 | >0.064 | | | 1045-1145 | N17E60 | 1n | 11002 | 21000 | 3 | (0.032) | | | 0240-0314 | N17E49 | sn | 11002 | 100-0 | ≥1 | 0.056 | | | 0406-0503 | N16E51 | 1n | 11002 | 111-0 | ≥3 | 0.064 | | Nov. 14 | 1230-1328 | N15W03 | 1n | 11029 | 11102 | 5 | 0.056 | | | 1509-1520 | N17E01 | sb | 11029 | 20000 | 2 | 0.069 | | | g2018-2040 | N15W08 | sn | 11029 | 10000 | 1 | 0.056 | | | 0520-0613 | N16W10 | sn | 11029 | 20100 | 3 | ≥0.060 | | | 2142-2347 | N16W33 | 1n | 11029 | 21102 | 6 | 0.069 | | | 0121-0158 | N15W35 | 1b | 11029 | 21100 | 4 | (0.036) | | | 1755-1840 | N16W45 | 1n | 11029 | 21100 | 4 | (0.057) | | | 2233-2325 | N16W47 | 1n | 11029 | 21102 | 6 | (0.032) | | | 0135-0330 | N15W50 | 2n | 11029 | 22200 | 6 | ≥0.280 | | | 0408-0432 | N16W52 | sn | 11029 | 20120 | 5 | 0.110 | | | 1322-1400 | N05W46 | 1n | 11035 | 21100 | 4 | (0.033) | | Dec. 4 | 0953-1010 | N21E90 | 2n | 11073 | 22102 | 7 | 0.051 | | | 2346-2417 | N12E16 | sn | 11077 | 10203 | 6 | (0.036) | | | (1301-2107) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG) all day. | | | (1219-2114) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG). | | | (1224-2107) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG). | | | 1245-1350 | N23W44 | 1b | 11084 | 21000 | 3 | 0.056 | | | 1517-1555 | N23W43 | 1b | 11084 | 21200 | 5 | 0.090 | | | 0840-0845 | N12W85 | 1n | 11084 | 11102 | 5 | 0.070 | | 1971 Jan. 11 | (1218-2125) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG), not flare associated. Coincident with M-λ emission all day on single frequency record. | | | g2032-2100 | S24W77 | sn | 11124 | 20101 | 4 | >0.077 | | | g1204-1225 | S06W84 | sn | 11111 | 20001 | 3 | 0.064 | | Feb. 3 | 1524-1635 | S08E33 | 1b | 11145 | 11131 | .7? | >0.009 | | | 0438-0607 | N17W23 | 2n | 11137 | 02000 | 2 | x | | | and (S) 11146 | | | | | | | | | 11146(S) | 02000 | 2 | >0.001 | | | 0428-0608 | N28W60 | 2f | 11146(S) | 02000 | 2 | >0.001 | | | (0410) | - | - | - | 20000 | 2 | 0.060 | | | g0836-0847 | S16E84 | sb | 11165 | 20000 | 2 | (0.038) | | | 1556-1622 | S17E82 | sn | 11165 | 20000 | 2 | 0.073 | | Apr. 8 | 0325-0340 | S19W90 | 2b | 11221 | 12000 | 3 | 0.005 | | | Region 11221 is just beyond West Limb, on invisible hemisphere. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks (r) | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|---------------| | 1971 May 5 | 1211-1250 0604-0745 | N13E17 N04W40 | 1b 2n | 11294 11313 | 21100 12100 | 4 4 | 0.069 0.021 | | Jun. 29 | 1426-1442 g or 1427-1439 | N11W62 N07E30 | sf sf | 11383 11401 | 00032 | 5? - | IV (M-H), duration 5 minutes. | | Jul. 1 | 0125-0155 0903-0953 | S12E29 N05E15 | 2b 1b | 11402 11425 | 22000 21102 | 4 6 | 0.190 0.031 | | 17 | 1023-1130 | N14W44 | 1n | 11433 | 21100 | 4 | 0.071 | | Aug. 4 | 0148-0228 (1003-2327) | S08E70 | 2n - | 11457 - | 021-0 00030 | ≥3 3? | 0.002 | | Nov. 9 | (2350)* | - - | - - | - | 20000 | 2 | ≥0.040 No Flare Patrol. | | 1972 Jan. 22 | 1433-1525 | S14W27 | 1b | 11693 | 21200 | 5 | 0.040 | | Feb. 8 | (0914) g1752-1832 | N26E31 | sn | 11741 | 001-1 00030 | ≥2 3? | 0.093 - | | 16 | 1344-1408 0315-0346 | N09E85 N08E04 | sn 1b | 11748 | 20000 21100 | 2 4 | 0.040 0.093 | | 22 | 1413-1455 | N07W05 | sb | 11748 | 20200 | 4? (0.017) | | 22 | 1825-1937 1917-2015 | N08W05 S16W19 | sn 1b | 11748 11751 | 20100 21200 | 3 5 | 0.058 0.040 | | Mar. 2 | 1812-1828 1221-1308 (1330-2500) | S06E76 S07E40 | 1b 1n | 11769 | 21200 21102 | 5 6 | 0.044 0.053 | | 8 | 0404-0410 (1330-2452) | S12E07 | sn | 11769 | 10232 | 8? | 0.013 | | 8 | (1330-2452) | - - | - - | 00030 | 3? | | 18 | 1714-1736 | S19E32 | sn | 11784 | 10030 | 4? | 0.005 | | 22 | 0458-0540 | S10W57 | 2n | 11781(S) | 02000 | 2 | 0.009 A "Spotless" Flare. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks | |----------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|----------| | 1972 Apr. 20 | (0950-2326) | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-SAG) in progress all day. Reported as continuum (M & DKM) by BO, and In (M) by H, all day. Probably related to region 11827, CMP Apr. 21. IV (DKM-SAG) in progress all day. | | | | | | | | | | | | 21 | (0957-2328) | - | - | 00030 | 3? | | | | | May 12 | 1928-1938 | N21W48 | sb | 11857 | 00132 | 6? | 0.005 | IV (DKM-BO), duration only 8 minutes. | | | 1405-1430 | S14E25 | 1b | 11883 | 21200 | 5 | 0.040 | | | | 1615-1648 | S16E24 | 1b | 11883 | 21200 | 5 | 0.040 | | | | 1015-1120 | N08E16 | 1b | 11895 | 21222 | 9 | 0.049 | | | Jun. 24 | 1911-1949 | N09E23 | sb | 11933 | 20100 | 3 | 0.040 | | | Jul. 4 | 1804-1846 | S11E67 | sn | 11949 | 20100 | 3 | 0.044 | | | Aug. 3 | (0931-2600) | - | - | 00030 | 3? | | | | | | (1205-2547) | - | - | 00030 | 3? | | | | | | g1922-2047 | N12W41 | sn | 11976 | 00030 | 3? | x | IV (M & DKM) reported by BO all day, called Ic (M & DKM) by H, and cont. (M) by CLG. Not flare-associated. Related to active region 11976 (CMP, Aug. 4). IV (M & DKM) reported by BO, in progress all day. Called cont. (M) by CLG, and I (DCM & M) by H. Related to region 11976 at CMP. IV (DCM-H), only 5 minutes duration. | | | 1205-1340 | S21E56 | 2b | 12002 | 22122 | 9 | 0.021 | | | | g1619-1631 | N11E75 | sf | 12011 | 00030 | 3? | x | IV (M & DKM-BO), but duration only 0.1 minutes. | | | 1955-2053 | N16E39 | sb | 12011 | 10103 | 5 | 0.049 | | | Sep. 5 | 1729-1805 | N17W24 | ln | 12011 | 11031 | 6? | 0.004 | IV (DKM-SAG), duration only 7 minutes. | | | 0809-0841 | S17W42 | 2f | 12040 | 02000 | 2 | s | | | Oct. 25 | 0623-0635 | S12E60 | ln | 12094 | 11102 | 5 | 0.049 | | | | 1004-1043 | S13E59 | 1b | 12094 | 21002 | 5 | 0.277 | | | | 0638-0728 | S12E47 | 2b | 12094 | 22201 | 7 | 0.310 | | | | 1325-1357 | S05E43 | 2b | 12094 | 12102 | 6 | ≥0.010 | | | | 0722-0830 | S10W04 | ln | 12094 | 112-2 | ≥6 | 0.049 | | | | 0417-0547 | S14W15 | 1b | 12094 | 21100 | 4 | 0.196 | | | | (1335-2327) | - | - | 00032 | 5? | | | | | | IV (M & DKM) reported by BO, in progress all day. Called In and cont. (M & DKM) by H and SAG. Probably not flare-associated. | | 1973 Feb. 22 | 0802-0803 | N09E90 | sb | 12246 | 200-0 | ≥2 | 0.043 | | | | 1500-1510 | S11W58 | 2f | 12228(S) | 02000 | 2 | - | A "Spotless" Flare. | | | 2346-2413 | N09E90 | 2n | 12246 | 22000 | 4 | 0.094 | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event | Position | Ha Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Ha Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks | |----------|-----------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|-----------| | 1973 Mar. 12 | 0357-0448 | S16W21 | sn | 12261 | 00031 | 4? | >0.002 | IV (M-CLG), duration only 6 minutes. | | | g0836-0930 | S07E07 | sn | 12263 | 00132 | 6? | | IV (DCM-WEIS), duration only 4 minutes. | | | 0100-0130 | N04W01 | sn | 12280 | 00130 | 4 | 0.004 | IV (M-CLG), duration only 9 minutes. | | Apr. 8 | g1733-1750 | S08W04 | sn | 12300 | 00031 | 4? | vs | IV (DCM & M-H), duration only 4 minutes. | | | g0026-0148 | S08E14 | sb | 12306 | 20102 | 5 | 0.050 | | | | 2247-2312 | N13W89 | sn | 12322 | 20100 | 3 | 0.072 | | | May 1 | 1351-1510 | S13E75 | sn | 12336 | 20102 | 5 | ≥0.043 | | | | 2031-2104 | S15E73 | sn | 12336 | 20130 | 6? | 0.036 | IV (DCM-H), duration only 6 minutes. | | | 0730-0758 | S14E65 | sn | 12336 | 20100 | 3 | 0.079 | | | | 1148-1200 | S13E62 | sb | 12336 | 20103 | 6 | 0.075 | | | | 2038-2135 | S14E59 | sb | 12336 | 20101 | 4 | 0.050 | | | | 2154-2215 | N09E32 | sb | 12352 | 20103 | 6 | 0.076 | | | | 0525-0615 | S10W33 | sn | 12349 | | | | | | | and/or | | | | | | | | | | 0558-0617 | N08E15 | sb | 12352 | | | | | | | (1031-2400) | | | | | | | | | Jun. 28 | 1842-1852 | N11E90 | ln | 12417 | | | | IV (DKM-SAG) all day. Reported as cont. (DKM) all day by BO, and Ic(M) by H. Probably related to CMP of region 12352. | | | and/or | | | | | | | | | | 91903-1909 | S06W66 | sf | 12397 | | | | | | | 1947-2008 | N12E81 | ln | 12417 | | | | | | Jul. 16 | (2330) | | | | | | | IV, 160 and 80 MHz, reported from CLG radioheliograph, with source location beyond West Limb. Could the date be wrong? See similar major event on July 15. Flare reported by only 1 station. A "Spotless" Flare. | | 24 | 0910-0950 | S03W90 | 2f | 12448(S) | 020-0 | 2 | x | | | Sep. 6 | 0912-1929 | N06W90 | 1b | 12511 | 21100 | 4 | 0.110 | | | 1974 Jan 10 | (1850) | | | | | | | Large 10 cm. burst (flux >500) reported by PENN. Not reported by OTT or SAG. | | Feb. 20 | g1330-1500 | S18W30 | sn | 12752 | 00132 | 6? | | IV (DCM-DWIN), duration 2 minutes. Reported as V at DKM-λ by SAG. | | Apr. 13 | 0405-0655 | S11W29 | 2b | 12848 | 12200 | 5 | 0.035 | | | | 0749-0905 | S12W31 | ln | 12848 | 21000 | 3 | >0.130 | | | | 1047-1108 | S12W33 | ln | 12848 | 21101 | 5 | 0.078 | | | | 1313-1330 | S12W35 | ln | 12848 | 21000 | 3 | >0.038 | | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event†† | Position | Hα Imp. | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks | |------------|-------------------------------|----------|---------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|-------------|---------| | 1974 May 1 | 1225-1231 | S09E75 | sb | 12906 | 10133 | 8? | IV (DKM-SAG), duration 4 minutes. Not reported by BO. | | | 2140-2238 | S17W63 | 2n | 12906 | 12000 | 3 | | | | Jun. 21 | 1759-2033 | S21W25 | 1f | 13002 | 11200 | 4? | Large 2800 MHz Burst (OTT Flux = 652, called a "spike"). Not reported by BO or SAG. IV (DCM & M - DURN and WEIS). Duration 8 minutes | | | 0703-0745 | S13E44 | ln | 13043 | 21131 | 8? | IV (DCM & M - DURN) duration 1 minute. Called cont. (DCM) by WEIS. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 7 minutes. Not reported by H or WEIS. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | Jul. 1 | 1034-1047 | S13E28 | sb | 13043 | 10132 | 7? | IV (DCM & M - DURN) duration 1 minute. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | 1556-1650 | S14E28 | sb | 13043 | 20130 | 6? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 7 minutes. Not reported by H or WEIS. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | 0943-1005 | S16E19 | ln | 13043 | 21132 | 9? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | g1015-1029 | S14E20 | sn | 13043 | 00030 | 3? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | 0300-0400 | S15E08 | 2b | 13043 | 22202 | 8 | IV (M - DURN), duration 1 minute. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | g0725-0733 | S17E12 | sf | 13043 | 00032 | 5? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 1 minute. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 8 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes | | | {1811-1821 and 1812-1847} | S10W47 | sf | 13030 | 00130 | 4? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 1 minute. IV (DCM - DURN), called continuum at DKM-λ by SAG. May be part of earlier event. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.5 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | g1345-1357 | S15W33 | sn | 13043 | 00131 | 5? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.5 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | 1151-1345 | S16W48 | ln | 13043 | 21131 | 8? | IV (DCM & M - DWIN), duration 2 minutes. IV (DCM - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | g0916-0925 | S15W76 | sf | 13043 | 00030 | 3? | IV (DCM & M - DWIN), duration 2 minutes. IV (DCM - DURN), duration only 0.3 minutes. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | 0935-1000 | S12E90 | 2n | 13067 | 02002 | 4 | IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | g1055-1132 | S14E25 | sf | 13088 | 00031 | 4? | IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 5 minutes. Continuum reported at DKM-λ by SAG. IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | Sep. 11 | (1420-2505) | S09W25 | sn | 13095 | 00130 | 4? | IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | | (1246-2505) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DCM - DWIN), duration 4 minutes. IV (DCM - H) reported in progress all day. Not flare-associated. IV (M & DKM-BO) in progress all day. Called cont. (DKM) by SAG, and Ic, drifting chains (M & DKM) by H. | | Date | Time (UT) of Flare or Event++ | Position | Hα Imp | McMath Plage Number | Hα Flare Profile abcde | Comp. Flare Index | 1-8Å Peak Flux | Remarks (r) | |--------|-------------------------------|----------|--------|---------------------|------------------------|------------------|----------------|-------------| | 1974 Oct. 6 | (1400-2425) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DKM-BO) in progress all day. | | | (1306-2423) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (M & DKM - BO), in progress all day. | | | (1303-2425) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (M & DKM - BO), in progress all day. Preceded by minor sub-flare in region 13280 (at N10E45). | | 9 | (1303-2430) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (M & DKM-BO), in progress all day. | | 10 | (1314-2420) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (M & DKM - BO), in progress all day. | | 11 | g0755-0818 | N10E14 | sn | 13280 | 00032 | 5? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 2 minutes. | | | 0828-0845 | N10E13 | sn | 13280 | 10033 | 7? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 4 minutes. | | | 1207-1253 | N13W04 | sn | 13280 | 00030 | 3? | IV (DCM - DURN), duration only 0.2 minutes. | | | g1255-1311 | N10E11 | sn | 13280 | 10132 | 7? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 3 minutes. | | | (1304-2407) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (M & DKM - BO), in progress all day. | | 12 | 1310-1334 | N10W04 | sn | 13280 | 00130 | 4? | IV (DKM - SAG), duration 8 minutes. | | 13 | 0839-1110 | N12W26 | ln | 13280 | 11132 | 8? | IV (M - DURN), duration only 1.3 minutes. | | 15 | 0810-0900 | N09W43 | 2n | 13280 | 12201 | 6 | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 0.3 minutes and 1.2 minutes. | | 15 | 1324-1430 | N08W47 | 1b | 13280 | 21200 | 5 | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 6 minutes. | | 16 | 1258-1415 | N11W61 | 1b | 13280 | 21100 | 4 | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 1.8 minutes. | | Nov. 6 | g1217-1234 | S13W90 | sb | 13310 | 10131 | 6? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 0.3 minutes and 1.2 minutes. | | | (1304) | - | - | - | 00031 | 4? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 6 minutes. | | | (1216) | - | - | - | 00030 | 3? | IV (DCM & M - DURN), duration 1.8 minutes. | UAG Series of Reports Prepared by World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. These reports are for sale through the National Climatic Center, Federal Building, Asheville, NC 28801, Attn: Publications. Subscription price: $25.20 a year; $12.00 additional for foreign mailing; single copy price varies. These reports are issued on an irregular basis with 6 to 12 reports being issued each year. Therefore, in some years the single copy rate will be less than the subscription price, and in some years the single copy rate will be more than the subscription price. Make check or money order payable to: Department of Commerce, NOAA. Some issues are now out of print and are available only on microfiche as indicated. Requests for microfiche should be sent to World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, NOAA, Boulder, Co 80302, with check or money order made payable to Department of Commerce, NOAA. UAG-1 "IQSY Night Airglow Data", price $1.75. UAG-2 "A Reevaluation of Solar Flares, 1964-1966", price 30 cents. 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Shapley, National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A., W. R. Piggott, Science Research Council, Slough, U.K., and K. Rawer, Arbeitsgruppe für Physikalische Weltraumforschung, Freiburg, G.F.R., June 1974, 381 pages, price $2.00. UAG-35 "Catalogue of Digital Geomagnetic Variation Data at World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics", prepared by Environmental Data Service, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, July 1974, 20 pages, price 20 cents. UAG-36 "An Atlas of Extreme Ultraviolet Flashes of Solar Flares Observed Via Sudden Frequency Deviations During the ATM-SKYLAB Missions", by R. F. Donnelly and E. L. Berger, NOAA Space Environment Laboratory, Lt. J. D. Busman, NOAA Commissioned Corps, B. Henson, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, T. B. Jones, University of Leicester, UK, G. M. Lerfeld, NOAA Wave Propagation Laboratory, K. Najita, University of Hawaii, W. M. Retallack, NOAA Space Environment Laboratory, and W. J. Wagner, Sacramento Peak Observatory, October 1974, 95 pages, price 55 cents. UAG-37 "Auroral Electrojet Magnetic Activity Indices AE(10) for 1966", by Joe Haskell Allen, Carl C. Abston and Leslie D. Morris, National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center, Environmental Data Service, December 1974, 142 pages, price 75 cents. UAG-38 "Master Station List for Solar-Terrestrial Physics Data at WDC-A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics", by R. W. Buhmann, World Data Center A for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Juan D. Roederer, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, M. A. Shea and D. F. Smart, A.F.C.R.L., Hanscom AFB, Massachusetts, December 1974, 110 pages, price $1.60. UAG-39 "Auroral Electrojet Magnetic Activity Indices AE(11) for 1971", by Joe Haskell Allen, Carl C. Abston and Leslie D. Morris, National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center, Environmental Data Service, February 1975, 144 pages, price $2.05. UAG-40 "H-Alpha Synoptic Charts of Solar Activity For the Period of Skylab Observations, May, 1973-March, 1974", by Patrick S. McIntosh, NOAA Environmental Research Laboratory, February 1975, 32 pages, price 56 cents. UAG-41 "H-Alpha Synoptic Charts of Solar Activity During the First Year of Solar Cycle 20 October, 1964 - August, 1965", by Patrick S. McIntosh, NOAA Environmental Research Laboratory, and Jerome T. Nolte, American Science and Engineering, Cambridge, Massachusetts, March 1975, 25 pages, price 48 cents. UAG-42 "Observations of Jupiter's Sporadic Radio Emission in the Range 7.6-80 MHz 10 December 1971 through 21 March 1975", by James W. Warwick, George A. Dulk, and Anthony C. Riddle, Department of Astro-Geophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80302, April 1975, 49 pages, price $1.15. UAG-43 "Catalog of Observation Times of Ground-Based Skylab-Coordinated Solar Observing Programs", compiled by Helen E. 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Morris, National Geophysical and Solar-Terrestrial Data Center, Environmental Data Service, June 1975, 144 pages, price $2.10. UAG-48 "Synoptic Observations of the Solar Corona during Carrington Rotations 1580-1596 (11 October 1971 - 15 January 1973)", by R. A. Howard, M. J. Koomen, D. J. Michels, R. Tousey, C. R. Detwiler, D. E. Roberts, R. T. Seal and J. D. Whitney, E.O. Hulbert Center for Space Research, NRL, Washington, D. C. 20375 and R. T. and S. F. Hansen, C. J. Garcia and E. Yasukawa, High Altitude Observatory, NCAR, Boulder, Colorado 80303, July 1975, 200 pages, price $3.00. UAG-49 "Catalog of Standard Geomagnetic Variation Data", prepared by Environmental Data Service, NOAA, Boulder, Colorado, August 1975, 125 pages, price $1.85. UAG-50 "High-Latitude Supplement to the URSI Handbook on Ionogram Interpretation and Reduction", by W. R. Piggott, British Antarctic Survey, c/o SRC, Appleton Laboratory, Ditton Park, Slough, England, October 1975, 292 pages, price $4.00. UAG-51 "Synoptic Maps of Solar Coronal Hole Boundaries Derived from He II 304Å Spectroheliograms from the Manned Skylab Missions", by J. D. Bohlin and D. M. Rubenstein, E. O. Hulbert Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C. 20375 U.S.A., November 1975, 30 pages, price 54 cents. UAG-52 "Experimental Comprehensive Solar Flare Indices for Certain Flares, 1970-1974", compiled by Helen W. Dodson and E. Ruth Hedeman, McMath-Hulbert Observatory, The University of Michigan, 895 Lake Angelus Road North, Pontiac, Michigan 48055 U.S.A., November 1975.