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NOAA Cooperative Institutes

NOAA Institutional Repository

The NOAA Cooperative Institutes are academic and non-profit research institutions that demonstrate the highest level of performance and conduct research that supports NOAA's Mission Goals and Strategic Plan. Currently, NOAA supports 17 Cooperative Institutes consisting of 58 universities and research institutions across 23 states and the District of Columbia. This collection consists of documents (technical reports and memorandum, as well as journal articles) that have been produced by these institutes in support of NOAA research through the use of NOAA funding support.

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Showing 1 - 20 of 9217 results
  • Cookiecutter Shark Bite Wounds on Cetaceans of the Gulf of Mexico
    Cookiecutter Shark Bite Wounds on Cetaceans of the Gulf of Mexico
    Grace, Mark A. ;
    Dias, Laura Aichinger
    2018 | Aquatic Mammals, 44(5), 491-499.
    Sequential extraction is commonly used to identify and quantify different forms of phosphorus (P) associated with particulate samples. Iron (Fe)-bound P is an important fraction of total particulate phosphorus because iron (Fe) is ubiquitous in natural environments. Three reductant solutions, i.e., sodium hydroxide (NaOH), dithionite, and ascorbic ...
  • Mechanisms of tropical Pacific decadal variability
    Mechanisms of tropical Pacific decadal variability
    Capotondi, Antonietta ;
    McGregor, Shayne
    2023 | Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 4(11), 754-769 | PDF
    Naturally occurring tropical Pacific variations at timescales of 7–70 years — tropical Pacific decadal variability (TPDV) — describe basin-scale sea surface temperature (SST), sea-level pressure and heat content anomalies. Several mechanisms are proposed to explain TPDV, which can originate through oceanic processes, atmospheric processes or as an ...
  • Evaluating the risks of red tide mortality misspecification when modeling stock dynamics
    Evaluating the risks of red tide mortality misspecification when modeling stock dynamics
    Sagarese, Skyler R. ;
    Harford, William J.
    2022 | Fisheries Research, 250, 106271 | PDF
    Extensions of single-species stock assessments to include ecosystem considerations are one step towards achieving an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. While red tide mortality has been estimated within base assessment models for both gag grouper and red grouper in the Gulf of Mexico since the late 2000 s, considerable uncertainty remains ...
  • Dominant role of mineral dust in cirrus cloud formation revealed by globalscale measurements
    Dominant role of mineral dust in cirrus cloud formation revealed by global-scale measurements
    Froyd, Karl D. ;
    Yu, Pengfei
    2022 | Nature Geoscience, 15(3), 177-183 | PDF
    Airborne mineral dust particles can act as natural seeds for cirrus clouds in the upper troposphere. However, the atmospheric abundance of dust is unconstrained in cirrus-forming regions, hampering our ability to predict these radiatively important clouds. Here we present global-scale measurements of dust aerosol abundance in the upper troposphere ...
  • Evaluation of Lightning Flash Rate Parameterizations in a CloudResolved WRFChem Simulation of the 2930 May 2012 Oklahoma Severe Supercell System Observed During DC3
    Evaluation of Lightning Flash Rate Parameterizations in a Cloud‐Resolved WRF‐Chem Simulation of the 29–30 May 2012 Oklahoma Severe Supercell System Observed During DC3
    Cummings, K. A. ;
    Pickering, K. E.
    2024 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 129(11) | PDF
    Eighteen lightning flash rate parameterization schemes (FRPSs) were investigated in a Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry cloud‐resolved simulation of the 29–30 May 2012 supercell storm system observed during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. Most of the observed storm's meteorological conditio ...
  • An Evaluation of NOAA Modeled and In Situ Soil Moisture Values and Variability across the Continental United States
    An Evaluation of NOAA Modeled and In Situ Soil Moisture Values and Variability across the Continental United States
    Marinescu, Peter J. ;
    Abdi, Daniel
    2024 | Weather and Forecasting, 39(3), 523-540 | PDF
    Estimates of soil moisture from two National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) models are compared to in situ observations. The estimates are from a high-resolution atmospheric model with a land surface model [High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model] and a hydrologic model from the NOAA Climate Prediction Center (CPC). Both models pr ...
  • Physics schemes in the first version of NCEP operational hurricane analysis and forecast system HAFS
    Physics schemes in the first version of NCEP operational hurricane analysis and forecast system (HAFS)
    Wang, Weiguo ;
    Han, Jongil
    2024 | Frontiers in Earth Science, 12 | PDF
    This document summarizes the physics schemes used in two configurations of the first version of the operational Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFSv1) at NOAA NCEP. The physics package in HAFSv1 is the same as that used in NCEP global forecast system (GFS) version 16 except for an additional microphysics scheme and modifications to sea sur ...
  • Camera traps link populationlevel activity patterns with wildfire smoke events for mammals in Eastern Washington State
    Camera traps link population-level activity patterns with wildfire smoke events for mammals in Eastern Washington State
    Ayars, Jessalyn ;
    Emmet, Robert L.
    2023 | Fire Ecology, 19(1) | PDF
    Due to anthropogenic climate change and historic fire suppression, wildfire frequency and severity are increasing across the western United States. Whereas the indirect effects of fire on wildlife via habitat change are well studied, less is known about the impacts of wildfire smoke on animal health and behavior. In this study, we explore the effec ...
  • MultiModel Prediction of West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease With Machine Learning for Identification of Important Regional Climatic Drivers
    Multi‐Model Prediction of West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease With Machine Learning for Identification of Important Regional Climatic Drivers
    Holcomb, Karen M. ;
    Staples, J. Erin
    2023 | GeoHealth, 7(11) | PDF
    West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of mosquito‐borne illness in the continental United States (CONUS). Spatial heterogeneity in historical incidence, environmental factors, and complex ecology make prediction of spatiotemporal variation in WNV transmission challenging. Machine learning provides promising tools for identification of importan ...
  • A Case Study Investigating the Low Summertime CAPE Behavior in the Global Forecast System
    A Case Study Investigating the Low Summertime CAPE Behavior in the Global Forecast System
    Sun, Xia ;
    Heinzeller, Dominikus
    2024 | Weather and Forecasting, 39(1), 3-17 | PDF
    Convective available potential energy (CAPE) is an important index for storm forecasting. Recent versions (v15.2 and v16) of the Global Forecast System (GFS) predict lower values of CAPE during summertime in the continental United States than analysis and observation. We conducted an evaluation of the GFS in simulating summertime CAPE using an exam ...
  • Forecasting tropical cyclone tornadoes and impacts Report from IWTCX
    Forecasting tropical cyclone tornadoes and impacts: Report from IWTC-X
    Carroll-Smith, Dereka ;
    Green, Benjamin W.
    2023 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review, 12(2), 123-135 | PDF
    This report synthesizes global tropical cyclone (TC) tornado research and operational practices to date. Tornadoes are one of the secondary (and lesser researched) hazards contributing to the devastation TCs leave in their wake. While gale-force winds and storm surge produce the majority of damage and fatalities globally, TC tornadoes also pose a f ...
  • Envisioning the Future of Community Physics
    Envisioning the Future of Community Physics
    Firl, Grant ;
    Bernardet, Ligia
    2024 | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 105(3), E639-E644 | PDF
    On 15–17 August 2023, 81 scientists, engineers, and code managers in the atmospheric model development community gathered virtually to discuss the current status and the future direction of the Common Community Physics Package (CCPP).
  • A decadelong cruise time series 20082018 of physical and biogeochemical conditions in the southern Salish Sea North America
    A decade-long cruise time series (2008–2018) of physical and biogeochemical conditions in the southern Salish Sea, North America
    Alin, Simone R. ;
    Newton, Jan A.
    2024 | Earth System Science Data, 16(2), 837-865 | PDF
    Coastal and estuarine waters of the northern California Current system and southern Salish Sea host an observational network capable of characterizing biogeochemical dynamics related to ocean acidification, hypoxia, and marine heatwaves. Here, we compiled data sets from a set of cruises conducted in estuarine waters of Puget Sound (southern Salish ...
  • On the Mechanisms Driving Latent Heat Flux Variations in the Northwest Tropical Atlantic
    On the Mechanisms Driving Latent Heat Flux Variations in the Northwest Tropical Atlantic
    Fernández, Pablo ;
    Speich, Sabrina
    2024 | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 129(5) | PDF
    The Northwest Tropical Atlantic (NWTA) is a region of complex surface ocean circulation. The most prominent feature is the North Brazil Current (NBC) and its retroflection at 8°N, which leads to the formation of numerous mesoscale eddies known as NBC rings. The NWTA also receives the outflow of the Amazon River, generating freshwater plumes that ca ...
  • Assessing methods for detecting Alexandrium catenella Dinophyceae and paralytic shellfish toxins in Southeast Alaska
    Assessing methods for detecting Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae) and paralytic shellfish toxins in Southeast Alaska
    Cornett, Juliana C. ;
    Cates, Rebecca J.
    2024 | Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (2024) | PDF
    Blooms of Alexandrium catenella threaten to disrupt subsistence, recreational, and commercial shellfish harvest in Alaska, as the paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced pose a serious public health risk and can lead to costly shutdowns for shellfish farmers. Current methods of PST detection in the region range from monitoring programs utilizing ...
  • Widespread and increasing nearbottom hypoxia in the coastal ocean off the United States Pacific Northwest
    Widespread and increasing near-bottom hypoxia in the coastal ocean off the United States Pacific Northwest
    Barth, John A. ;
    Pierce, Stephen D.
    2024 | Scientific Reports, 14(1) | PDF
    The 2021 summer upwelling season off the United States Pacific Northwest coast was unusually strong leading to widespread near-bottom, low-oxygen waters. During summer 2021, an unprecedented number of ship- and underwater glider-based measurements of dissolved oxygen were made in this region. Near-bottom hypoxia, that is dissolved oxygen less than ...
  • The Pacific Northwest Harmful Algal Blooms Bulletin
    The Pacific Northwest Harmful Algal Blooms Bulletin
    McCabe, R.M. ;
    Hickey, B.M.
    2023 | PMEL Contribution no. 5459 | PDF
    A bulletin communicating risk of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms to shellfish harvest along the open coast of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States (the northeast Pacific Ocean spanning Washington and Oregon) is discussed. This Pacific Northwest Harmful Algal Blooms (PNW HAB) Bulletin is designed for shellfish managers with a focus on the ...
  • Climatology of aerosol properties at an atmospheric monitoring site on the northern California coast
    Climatology of aerosol properties at an atmospheric monitoring site on the northern California coast
    Boedicker, E. K. ;
    Andrews, E.
    2023 | PMEL Contribution no. 5446 | PDF
    Between April 2002 and June 2017, the Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) made continuous measurements of a suite of in situ aerosol optical properties at a long-term monitoring site near Trinidad Head (THD), California. In addition to aerosol optical properties, between 2002–2006 a scann ...
    Supporting Files
  • Quantifying Net Community Production and Calcification at Station ALOHA Near Hawaii Insights and Limitations From a Dual Tracer Carbon Budget Approach
    Quantifying Net Community Production and Calcification at Station ALOHA Near Hawai'i: Insights and Limitations From a Dual Tracer Carbon Budget Approach
    Knor, L.A.C.M. ;
    Sabine, C.L.
    2023 | PMEL Contribution no. 5449 | PDF
    A budget approach is used to disentangle drivers of the seasonal mixed layer carbon cycle at Station ALOHA (A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment) in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). The budget utilizes data from the WHOTS (Woods Hole—Hawaii Ocean Time-series Site) mooring, and the ship-based Hawai'i Ocean Time-series (HOT) in the N ...
    Supporting Files
  • Subtropical Gyre Nutrient Cycling in the Upper Ocean Insights From a NutrientRatio Budget Method
    Subtropical Gyre Nutrient Cycling in the Upper Ocean: Insights From a Nutrient-Ratio Budget Method
    Xiang, Y. ;
    Quay, P. D.
    2023 | PMEL Contribution no. 5464 | PDF
    We use a nutrient-ratio budget method to investigate the relative importance of different nutrient source and sink terms at time-series Station ALOHA and Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) in the North Pacific and North Atlantic subtropical gyres, respectively. At mean state conditions over annual and multi-year time scales, vertical phospha ...
    Supporting Files
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